During the spring of 1981, cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi’s sarcoma were reported in homosexual men in New York and California1. This marked the start of the AIDS epidemic in the United States as research led to the discovery of HIV as the causative agent 2. Complacency was rampant as many deemed this the disease of gay men. Over time, HIV proved itself as an equal opportunity infection targeting all demographics1. Despite declines in new infections since the peak in the mid 1980s, HIV remains a health concern particularly in low income, minority, and LGBTQ communities 3.
In 2010, all countries in the Americas committed to eliminating HIV transmission between mother and child by 2020 4. Three decades after the AIDS epidemic started,
…show more content…
Cuba has built a health care system with preventative medicine as the foundation using education as a tool to reduce the effect of inequities in the social determinants of health 9. As a result, they were able to develop aggressive HIV/AIDS policy to target high risk populations and limit HIV transmissions. Cuba has a 0.1% prevalence rate of HIV and death due to AIDS is estimated to be less than 200 people 10,11. Transmission via intravenous drug use and blood transfusions is rare with 99% of cases resulting from sexual contact with an infected person. Men account for 81% of the HIV positive population …show more content…
The rate of new infections has been relatively stable each year, but 20% of people are unaware they are infected with HIV 3. This greatly increases the risk of HIV transmission with 50% of new HIV cases resulting from those who are unaware of their status 13. At risk populations include Latinos, Blacks, and MSM with 44% of new cases occurring in Blacks and 75% in men 14. With the establishment of the goals for 2020, the White House released a National HIV/AIDS strategy focusing on reducing the number of new cases, increasing access and improving outcomes for HIV positive people, and reducing the disparity in infection 4. The United States healthcare system is based on reactive medicine and the adoption of Cuba’s HIV/AIDS prevention programs would be a necessary step for addressing the epidemic in our
HIV and AIDS is affecting the latino community in a negative way. It’s causing the quality of life in the United States to drop, but why is that. In 2015, Hispanics/Latinos made up about 23% of the countries new HIV diagnoses despite only being 18% of the population. The stigma that comes from the Hispanic/Latino culture, factors being economical or personal are major factors that makes HIV/AIDS thrive in the latino community. The young Hispanic/Latino community are at risk since, they are being deprived from showing their sexuality because of their cultures stigma. The gender power imbalance in these communities, and their stigma against homosexuals. Statistics from new HIV infections, gender ratios, death rates, education and so on.
Twenty years ago, a person who has contracted Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or HIV, would be ostracized, labeled as a homosexual, and was likely to be banned from public places such as pools and school. The lifestyle was undesirable, and the lack of education on the subject lead many people to start and believe asinine rumors about the virus and its transmission. On top of this the carrier must also take upwards of twenty pills a day to hopefully prevent the growth of HIV, and eventually progressing into AIDS. HIV doesn’t just affect Latinos, African Americans, or gay, but every single person.
The Hispanic community will continue to be affected by HIV/AIDS at higher rates due to their behaviors, social economic standing, and cultural beliefs. Preventions need to include these cultural beliefs and use those strong cultural beliefs to increase knowledge and safe sexual practices. Health care providers
Hispanic and Latinos have been the nation's fastest-growing ethnic population in the past several decades. HIV diagnoses in Latino and Hispanic populations have been rising in the past decades. In 2011, Latinos and Hispanics represented 17% of the total population in the US, but however, they also accounted for 21% of the estimated adults diagnosed with HIV infections in the United States. In fact, in 1985, Latinos were at 15% of all diagnosed HIV cases and in 2010, it increased to 22% in the U.S. National Latinos AIDS Awareness day is observed each year to increase awareness of that impact of HIV on the Hispanic and Latino population. The recent slogan—To End ADS Commit Act—was chosen to mobilize Hispanics to commit ending HIV in their communities.
Continuing this further, we can see that the rates of new HIV infections amongst the Hispanic population has skyrocketed, particularly in the male group as well. So what does this mean? Why do homosexuals have a higher chance of being infected, and why are there more homosexual men with HIV? Now, I’m not here to say that homosexuals are to blame for HIV, and I don’t intend to say this with any derogatory remarks or hostility, but it is shown that men who have sex with men have significantly higher chances to be infected by various factors. First, quite terrifyingly, the average HIV transmission rate, specifically during anal sex is estimated to be a whopping 18 times higher in comparison to the rate during vaginal intercourse. This is because some homosexual couples have sex without having any sort of protection during anal intercourse, leading them to be
These community’s views changed, when role model individuals like Magic Johnson came forward to declare his HIV status. The society as a whole came to the realization that the disease is an epidemic. The disease has now turn into an epidemic within the African American community, infection rate has gone up twice the amount when compared to other groups, white and Latinos. The United States is the highest fundraiser for HIV/AIDS globally, but the U.S is facing a major ongoing HIV epidemic, the society is less educated, struggled from societal pressure due to stigmatization, health disparities, and poverty. The shame and discrimination continue to hinder people's access to HIV prevention, testing and treatment services, driving the cycle of new infections. Social, economic, and legal barriers all contributed to prevention of
Even after 30 years for some the stigma attached to HIV and AIDS often can lead to those who suffer from the illness as being second class citizens. The idea that those who have HIV brought upon themselves through “bad behaviors” can result in some people not seeking help or when they do they wait until the disease has progressed. However, the center for disease control considers HIV to be a focal point in the Dominican Republic, and one of the major concerns is how health officials can lower the number of new cases the country sees each year. One must understand that the rise of deaths from AIDS-related complex can mean an increase in mortality across the board creating a domino effect within the health system. Therefore education and awareness could change the health narrative by using preemptive measures. Also, those who are tested regularly and seek help quickly are those who are most likely to live full long lives.
According to recent statistics from the Centers for Disease Control, approximately 1.2 million individuals in the United States have HIV (about 14 percent of which are unaware of their infection and another 1.1 million have progressed to AIDS. Over the past decade, the number of HIV cases in the US has increased, however, the annual number of cases remains stable at about 50, 000 new cases per year. Within these estimates, certain groups tend to carry the burden of these disease, particularly the gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (MSM) and among race/ethnic groups, Blacks/African American males remain disproportionately affected. (CDC)
Most-at-risk populations (MARPs)/KPs including sex workers, people who inject drugs, gay men and other men who have sex with men and their sex partners bear a disproportionate burden of the HIV epidemic and accounted for 45% of all new infections in 2015. These population are also greatly marginalized and affected by human right abuses. Criminalization and stigmatization of sex work, drug possession and use and same-sex relationships, and discrimination including by health care workers makes accessing HIV prevention, treatment and care services difficult. To achieve the UNAIDS 90 90 90 target by 2020, and the ultimate goal for ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030, improving health care workers sensitivity to HIV prevention intervention services
Brazil has a big AIDS epidemic trying to prevent and help people people with AIDS. Just after AIDS first came to Brazil, they had one of the highest AIDS cases reported. Just behind the United States. Though the number of cases has decreased, it still proves to be a major problem, not only in Brazil, but around the world. AIDS had affected mostly males at first, however, it eventually affected everyone who was exposed to the disease. AIDS has proved to be a very big problem, there are about four million new cases and about two and a half million people that die from AIDS each year. The AIDS disease is a huge deal, because it kills lots of people each year. Though there are other diseases that are deadly, AIDS is the disease that needs the most
One of the growing public health problems in the United States today is the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, among the American population. Beginning in the 1980s, the U.S. public health system has been working vigorously to come up with effective methods for preventing the spread of this debilitating virus. HIV has persistently stayed within the human population due to the continual transmission of the disease. Before widespread transmission of HIV, the two most transmissible way of contracting the disease was either using unsterile needles for drug use or by unprotected sex with partners who were infected – most of the infected individuals in the 1980s were those who were or had been in homosexual relationships.
This marked the first official reporting of what came to be known as the AIDS epidemic. On the following day, June 6th, 1981, the Associated Press and the Los Angeles Times reported on the MMWR. The San Francisco Chronicle covered the story, and within days doctors from all across the US flooded CDC with reports of similar cases. In addition, CDC also received reports of a rare and weirdly aggressive cancer called Kaposi’s Sarcoma, in a group of gay men in New York and California. On June 8th, CDC developed a Task Force on Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (KSOI) to identify risk factors and establish a case definition for national surveillance. On July 3rd, there were about 41 cases of Kaposi’s Sarcoma allegedly affecting gay men in New York and California, by the end of the year there was a total of 270 reported cases of severe immune deficiency in gay men, and about 121 of those men died.
There are many characteristics of AIDS patients in Brazil. Statistics confirm that the HIV epidemic is focused between key residents. In addition, the last three years have shown a change in the age profile of described HIV. Most notable cases have been seen in younger individuals. The highest percentage of infection is with people aged 30–49 in 2013 (AIDS in Brazil, 2016). Poor health service is one of the main reasons that led people to suffer from AIDS in Brazil because some regions do not have good health services. Injection of drugs also is the main cause of the spread of HIV. In Brazil, 25% of HIV and AIDS cases are linked to drugs use (Cracking up, 2013). Sharing equipment and dirty needles for using drugs transfer HIV too. Add to this,
Just as clearly, experience shows that the right approaches, applied quickly enough with courage and resolve, can and do result in lower HIV infection rates and less suffering for those affected by the epidemic. An ever-growing AIDS epidemic is not inevitable; yet, unless action against the epidemic is scaled up drastically, the damage already done will seem minor compared with what lies ahead. This may sound dramatic, but it is hard to play down the effects of a disease that stands to kill more than half of the young adults in the countries where it has its firmest hold—most of them before they finish the work of caring for their children or providing for their elderly parents. Already, 18.8 million people around the world have died of AIDS, 3.8 million of them children. Nearly twice that many—34.3 million—are now living with HIV, the virus [9].
Human Immunodeficiency virus has been a global health concern and crisis for more than thirty years, more than 60 million men, women, and children, have been infected with HIV (Merson, O?Malley, Serwadda, Apisuk, 2008). Millions of people have died of this disease worldwide. The pandemic was first recognized in June of 1981 when the center of disease control and prevention stated that there were five cases of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in homosexual men living in Los Angeles (Merson, O?Malley, Serwadda, Apisuk, 2008). In the same year, non-homosexual men who were injection drugs into their veins were reported to have HIV, and other countries such as Haiti and some African countries had seen immune deficiency diseases (Merson, O?Malley, Serwadda, Apisuk, 2008). Initially in the pandemic, men were more infected than women were. In the early stages of this disease, people were often discriminated against and a stigma was associated with having this disease.