HKCEE Chemistry Past Paper fossil fuels

These are needed to examine the scene of the fire to determine if it is safe to enter. This is by turning any gas off and that the electrics are safe. They also ensure that there are no live or hanging wires that can cause harm to the fire fighters in any form.

The purpose of the lab was to determine the ratio of air to acetylene results in complete combustion of acetylene gas. The balanced chemical equation for this experiment was C2H2(g) + O2(g) --> CO2(g)+ H2O(l). Complete combustion is the reaction of an element or compound with oxygen to produce the most common oxides and energy. Complete combustion occurs when the fuel and oxygen combine in exact proportions to completely burn the fuel, which leaves a clean test tube. Incomplete combustion is the reaction of an element or compound with oxygen to produce some oxides with less oxygen than the most common oxides. Incomplete combustion occurs when there is not enough oxygen to react

The department decided to investigate this particular topic to determine which nozzle would be more beneficial when a firefighter is in a burning commercial structure. The smooth bore shoots out more water per second but at a straight stream. The combination nozzle shoots out more water droplets at a wider stream. Both processes are functional when putting out a fire. However, the combination nozzle can act as a barrier or wall against flames and smoke because it shoots at such a wide pattern. At the same time because the combination nozzle system shoots out water droplets, the droplets produce steam. The steam that is now present is more harmful to firefighters, which can be prevented by keeping the smooth bore nozzle in place.

| Describe how and when the different types of fire extinguishers, relevant to the given occupation, are used in accordance with legislation and official guidance.QCF641. 3.7 & 3.8

State the appropriate types of fire extinguishers available when installing 1st & 2nd fixing components & when using cutting and shaping machines and describe how and when they are used in accordance

This device was able to extinguish small, controlled fires created with an alcohol accelerant, proving that the concept is viable

Please Note: This lab involves a lot of waiting for the gas collection. Make sure you allot yourself the full three hours to perform the experiments.

Dry chemical extinguishers put out fire by coating the fuel with a thin layer of dust, separating the fuel from the oxygen in the air. The powder also works to interrupt the chemical reaction of fire, so these extinguishers are extremely effective at putting out fire. It is very effective with a low risk of re-ignition.

1. Carefully measure the volume of the trapped gas using the graduations (markings) on the side of the container.

Fire blankets are used to extinguish small fires. They are used by covering the small fires with the blankets until it extinguishes.

Nowadays, it is almost impossible to find a building that does not have exit signs or fire extinguishers in America. Whether in a university or at the work place, exit signs and fire safety instructions can easily be found by anybody. Fire drills are regularly practiced to ensure the least amount of casualty will occur if something goes wrong. However, a hundred years ago safety issues were barely taken into considerations and safety regulations were most of the time inexistent, as illustrates the terrible fire that happened a hundred years ago at the Triangle

Discharge of static electricity can cause hazards in situations with flammable substances where a small electrical spark might ignite explosive mixtures.

Did you know that the earliest form of firefighting took place in Rome in 24 B.C? After almost being destroyed by unruly conflagrations, Rome created a fire department consisting of about 7,000 paid firefighters. Their fire crews responded to and fought fires, and also patrolled the streets with the authority to fine anyone who disobeyed the fire prevention codes (Hashgan). The major piece of firefighting equipment the Roman's used was the bucket, which was passed from hand to hand to deliver water to the fire. Additionally, they used an ax, which was utilized to remove the fuel and prevent the spread of fire, as well as to make openings that would allow heat and smoke to escape a burning building.

Fire protection engineering, or the application of science and engineering to protect people and their environment from fire, has been around for centuries. The problem with advancements in this field is that they are preventative and, if ahead of their time, often seen as unnecessary. As a result, they are usually not considered or implemented until after severe tragedy has struck. A prime example of this is also the first recorded use of fire protection engineering. In AD 64, Emperor Nero had regulations drawn up that required fireproof materials used in the external walls to the city. This, of course, happened only after an estimated seventy percent of Rome was lost to fire. More noticeable regulations happened

A fire truck also known as a fire apparatus, fire engine, or fire appliance, is a specific vehicle designed primarily for firefighting. Many organizations employ fire engines for various other uses including EMS, hazmat, auto extrication and technical rescue. Its main roles include transporting firefighters, along with a supply of water and a full complement of equipment. The fire truck the early times fires were put out by throwing buckets of water into the fire, but the dangers and the slow process made this method not last long before a new invention took over, the hand pump (Betts). However, just like he buckets this method didn’t last long before the first fire engine was invented in the early 1800’s. The first fire engines were usually