HR In Horses

Winston Churchill once said, “There is something about the outside of a horse that is good for the inside of a man.” Some might say Churchill was ahead of his time, with the way horse assisted therapy has just recently begun growing in popularity. All over the world therapists and psychologists have been exploring the effect horses have on troubled humans. In their explorations, perhaps with Churchill’s words in mind, they are attempting to find out just how useful an equine aid is in therapeutic treatment of physical and psychological impairments. There are passionate opinions from varying viewpoints, but they all come down to whether or not horse assisted therapy is effective and should be considered a regular practice. The answer to this

The temperature decrease results in alterations of the autonomic sympathetic response[11] and in impaired conduction velocity of the electrical signals through the

If you’ve ever owned an animal, you know that being around them can be extremely therapeutic. After a stressful day at work or school, it is always nice to come home to your pet and feel comforted by them. Many dog owners even claim that their dogs can feel their pain. However, if you speak to anyone who has been spent their life around horses, they’ll tell you that the connection between horse and rider is unlike any other. Norwegian researcher Anita Maurstad explains in a recent article, that over time horse and rider can become so attuned to each other that they develop a state of co-being. Maurstad also found, through research, that horses appear to learn to relate to humans in ways that provide them with a good quality of life. A recent study from Washington State university has concluded that kids who work with horses have significantly lower stress levels. In addition to these, there have been numerous other studies that show that working with horses decreases blood pressure, reduced feelings of anger, tension, and anxiety. Riding horses also allows you to gain feelings of self esteem, empowerment, patience, and trust. Because of the overwhelming positive effects that horses seem to have, horses are no longer being used just for recreational or agricultural

Ectothermic animals are animals whose body temperature is affected by their surroundings. This means that if the environment is cold the animal will be cold. If the environment is warm the animal will be warm. This is because the animal doesn’t have the capability of regulating its body systems to keep a constant body temperature. When an ectothermic animal is cold, its heart rate will lower. When the animal is warmer, the heart rate will raise – as long as the temperature isn’t sufficiently high to harm the animal. (Campbell, 2005)

Indian Horse, a novel by Richard Wagamese, is a realistic and tragic story of a First Nations child named Saul who is taken to residential school. Saul Indian Horse goes through a multitude traumatic experiences at a young age; experiences consisting of losing his family, experiencing sexual abuse, and violent racism. In the novel, a theme the reader is always brought back to is Saul’s connection to, and longing for the land. Saul’s relationship with the land is meaningful to his character because it helps him understand his family history, connects him with his culture, and comforts him in times of need.

Skin conductance and electromyography are indirectly derived from the electrical activity of neurons. Skin conductance is a measure of the decreased resistance in skin as eccrine glands release sweat. Sweat is released to keep the body cool during fight or flight. In an electromyogram, the graph reflects the electrical activity of the muscle due to the increased number of motor units firing. The muscles measured in class were the corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus. The corrugator supercilii muscle is correlated with a facial expression of suffering or pain while the zygomaticus is correlated with smiling. A correlation can be found between the rate of skin conductance and the muscles. When fight or flight is stimulated, panic sets in and facial expressions change (corrugator supercilii), stress takes over, and sweat increases to cool the body. On the other hand, a smiling, care-free face (zygomaticus) will not produce sweat and initiate a fight or flight response. Changes in GSR are ultimately affected by short term stress where the neural hormone adrenaline is released from the adrenal glands into the blood

The American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA) recognized a stallion named Impressive as the origin of HYPP. Born in 1969, it soon became known that Impressive was, like his name, impressive. He quickly rose to the top of the halter horse standings and he became one of the top-producing sires, with many of his offspring becoming champions themselves. Impressive seemed to have it all: an excellent pedigree, terrific disposition, and exceptional conformation. Impressive was originally bred for racing but he was not cut out to be a racehorse. He was originally bought as a yearling for $20,000 but three months later he was sold for double the original price. He won 31 champion ribbons in the halter ring. The vast majority of Impressive’s offspring

The purpose of this lab is to analysis goldfish an ectothermic animal affect toward different temperature ranges. The reactions toward the temperatures are taken upon the term of homeostasis, which is regulation for organisms to maintain a steady state while adapting to the conditions that are favorable for survival (Encyclopedia Britannica). In order to achieve a successful homeostasis, many animals use different methods of thermoregulation, which helps maintain the internal temperature of animals. Many methods vary whether the organisms is an endotherm or ectoderm. An endotherm, which includes mammals and birds, is a warm-blooded animal, which maintains a constant body temperature not influenced by the environment (Britannica).

The Ismael Pinto Association of Equine Therapy in Madrid summarizes principles and concepts relating to how equine therapy is beneficial. Horses transmit heat and rhythmic pulses from within their lumbar and ventral muscles that conduct

There is little evidence of how horses were managed within the first years of domestication (Dierendonc). However, in most horse husbandry systems today horses are kept confined and solitary with very little social contact. This can be seen as optimal to ensure physical health, to prevent injury or to allow exact individual monitoring (Dierendonc, 2006). However, these systems often ignore the basic needs of the horse, e.g. social contact, foraging and locomotion needs, often resulting in abnormal behaviours. The start of stereotypic behaviour usually is related to chronic stress due to mal-adaptations to cope with the environment (Hausberger et al., 2009).

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between various psychological responses (mood, emotion and coping) and the sympathetic nervous system response to an acute stress challenge. This will help understand the underlying mechanisms in the stress-ill-health relationship and will increase the knowledge about how psychological aspects may reduce physiological responses. Therefore, the collected knowledge will help form future interventions.

The equine industry is rapidly changing and what is asked of a horse. The sports that are being played with horses are more physical causing the injuries the horses are acquiring to be more severe and different than what has been seen before. There are major injuries and there are minor injuries. All minor injuries can be turned into major injuries if they are not found in time. A main issue in horses is they hide some injuries for as long as three weeks as a survival instinct. Equine thermography has brought new light to this issue allowing issues and injuries to be found before a horse will show the issues.

Somewhat more precise descriptions can be made by using the terms poikilothermic and homoiothermic. The body temperature of poikllotherms is relatively variable, while that of homeotherms is relatively constant.

When winter comes, especially at night, the drop in temperature becomes more noticeable. The people like to turn the heating on. At home the central heating gets turned on, from early morning and continue throughout the day. Does this make you wonder that how your pony is getting adapted to this terrible cold? Many stables have their own heating system to keep their horses or pony warm, but this is an expensive process because the stables are an open place, so much of the heat is lost to the surrounds very quickly.

This assessment will explain what the role of the liver and pancreas is and how it aids digestion, including what they produce and how this makes the digestive system efficient. It will also include the interaction of the circulatory and respiratory systems during exercise and at rest and how they work separately and together. Lastly, it will discuss what could go wrong with these systems and how it will affect the horse.