Hacking And The Social Learning Theory

society’s norm or interpretation of crime. After that act is performed, one is then considered a

The word hacking, usually associated with information technology, is a term used for the development of creative solutions for a problem by someone in a non-professional environment. With the introduction of personal computers and the internet, anyone could create solutions to problems in computer science. This led to the emergence of “hacker culture”, leading to the decentralization of computer industry (Hicks, 2014).

The purpose of this paper is to touch on the issue of Hacking. It will go into detail about the history, evolution, future and prevention of Hacking. In addition, this paper will discuss different types of hackers and their motivation behind hacking. This paper examines the major impact caused by malicious hackers and give modern examples of such attacks. To conclude, it will predict how hacking will be in the near future and give the precautionary measures Information Security professionals can take to mitigate the risk of being victimized.

All of these entail delivering a specific consequence following a desired behavior that increases the likelihood that the behavior will continue or increase in the future.

Once, there was a boy named Tom Tapia. He was about 10, almost 11. He loved to play games like Stare_Woofs, or really any hacking game. When he grew up… he was a hacker, a black hat one. He started out as just a script kiddy, in high school, changing his grades and charging other students to change theirs. Then he grew more and more intelligent. He learned how to hack in C++, then all forms of Java, then Lua, and eventually every programming language. By the time he was 25, he was a very skilled hacker, even attempted the white house once, almost made it when the daily system reboot threw ‘em out.

The goal is to inform the public of the facts about hackers and the influences from pop culture and mainstream media that have changed society’s perception of hackers over time. I will also discuss statistical data about society’s fear of hackers and how it has changed the perception of hackers. If I can convince the readers that hackers are responsible for many of the technological innovations over the last 50 years, it will help me argue my point and hopefully persuade people to reconsider their opinions of hackers. The ultimate goal is to persuade people to redefine their definition of hackers and hope that society will use the correct classifications when reporting about them or describing their character in pop culture, but I would be satisfied if I could just create a platform for the next step on the road to change. One thing that absolutely amazed me was the amount of new information that is created and distributed every year. I learned that it is important to make sure that the message is strong and loud so it will not be lost amongst all the other information. An argument must be clear and maintain focus so that the audience will not become disinterested or

Civility and expertise are concepts that imply a historical significance which is valuable to understand when discussing civic hackers. A connection between the three ideas is made evident through Kenneth Cmiel’s Politics of Civility, Andrew Schrock’s Civic Hacking as Data Activism and Advocacy, Sebastian Kubitschko’s Hackers’ Media Practices and the article When the Government Approves of Hacking by Natasha Lennard. From the civil rights movement and counterculture of the 1960’s, to well perceived antics of the Chaos Computer Club, civic hacking garners a larger social implication than the act itself.

Society is addicted to technology? Some people may think that and their is a lot of support to backup that technology is addicting, but should we embrace the digital age and all of its advancements. I think society is addicted to technology, and we are not using it the right way, we are using it for more bad than good.

Unlike traditional theories of deviance that use an absolute definition of deviance, labeling theory is centered on a relative definition of deviance. Using this relative definition of deviance, labeling theorists consider deviance to be a result of the public’s perception of a behavior, rather than an actual trait of the behavior. Howard S. Becker, an originator of labeling theory, offers one of most often quoted statements related to the theory.

Definitions are ones attitudes or meanings that one attaches to a given behavior. Those definitions could influence deviant behavior if asscotiated to crime."Human interaction and the fact that learning occurs both directly, through socialization agents, and indirectly through the observation of others behavior and consequences" is important to acknowledge when looking at social leraning theory as stated by Radar and Haynes (2011, p. 291-292). These human interactions influence the types of definitions favorable to unfavorable to

In “The Social Construction of What?” Hacking explores many topics including the subject of physics. Hacking is a philosopher who is an expert in continental philosophy as well as social theory. He states the common claims of constructionists as X not being inevitable and that it should be improved and reformed. Hacking also speaks of how constructionists apply these criticisms to things such as gender, race, and the topic of women. He goes against the view of many physicists who believe that the results of research are “as is”. He states that the contingency of science is found in the way in which the question is in fact stated. Although, after the framing of the questions, the answers or “contents” of science are non-contingent.

3. Deviance is defined by modes of action that do not conform to the norms of value held by most member s of a group or society. Forms of behavior that are highly esteemed by one group are regarded negatively by others. I think labeling theory is the reason why crime rates are so high. An approach to the study of deviance that suggests people become deviant, because of the label that was put on them of behavior by political authorities and others.

Interconnected computer information systems have become essential aspects of today’s society. All forms of communication, from education, personal brand identity, to commerce and finance, use these systems creating a permanent personal presence for all of us within this digital world. Individuals, who reveal or threaten to reveal these personal identities for various reasons, are sometimes referred to as hackers who can also form hacker activist groups; also known as hacktivists. One of the most recent and visible of these groups calls itself Anonymous. Anonymous has evolved into a worldwide meticulously calculated social and political movement concerned with the freedom and access of information. It uses a variety of means to promote free information, sometimes legal protest, sometimes illegal hacking. There are any numbers of splinter groups that claim affiliation with Anonymous but its decentralized structure makes it difficult to know who is working with or for the goals of the collective. Anonymous has transformed from a physical entity to that of an idea and persona that can be claimed by anyone at any time and that idea is what will ensure its continued presence for years to come.

As the world becomes more and more reliant on computers the computer hacking industry is greatly rising. With people such as Kevin Mitnick, who is known as a "computer terrorist" (Kjochaiche 1), computerized information isn't safe any more. Kevin is known as "the most high-profiled computer criminal and responsible for more havoc in the computer world today."(1) He considered this a fun and easy task. He got caught and thrown into prison, but once he got out nothing changed. Kevin stated that as long as the technology is there it just calls to people to break into it. Computer hackers usually start off young, thinking that it is nothing but a little harmless fun. But as they get older, they realize it has turned into

According to Howard Becker’s labeling theory, ‘deviance is not a quality of the act person commits, but rather a consequence of the application by others of rules and sanctions to an “offender”.’ (Becker