Hagia Sophia Research Paper

Two buildings, the Hagia Sophia and the Great Mosque of Cordoba, can show us two separate peoples and their approach to constructing architecture that was devoted to their religions. However, while religion played a huge role, there are similarities as well between the two that show that the rulers who commissioned these buildings were interested in mimicking beauty and showing the world that their building was the most beautiful and perhaps the most elite of its time as well as proving their divinity as a ruler of a great nation.

The dome is made of gold and glass in order to contrast with the granite and make the building more stimulating. It nearly imitates the Hagia Sophia’s dome from Byzantine architecture from the outside. The Hagia Sophia was constructed from 532-537 CE and it still today remains as one of the most prominent works of art ever. It is one of the benchmark creations for all other churches and large architectural buildings in the world, and it revolutionized architecture. So, C.J. and R.J. Hall designed the dome very similar to that of the Hagia Sophia’s in order to show that it is a unique, important building in Providence. Although, the inside design of the dome of the Old West Bank differs from that of the Hagia Sophia. There are different geometries within the dome and pendentives. The pendentive is the triangular shaped space between numerous arches and the dome. In the Old West Bank, the same rectangular geometry is in the dome as well as the pendentive. In contrast, the Hagia Sophia’s dome and pendentive have different patterns and artwork. The structure of the two buildings is the same, but the design on the inside is changed in the Old West Bank. This is probably done in order to not create too many different visuals, since it is just a bank, and since it is a much smaller

The Dome of the Rock is constructed with a wood structure encased with marble and stone mosaics. The octagonal plan has a large central space which is separated with two surrounding ambulatories. Supporting the tall cylindrical dome is four masonry piers and twelve Corinthian columns. With tie beams separating columns from their capitals, is twenty-four Corinthian columns and piers in an alternating pattern mimicking the central circle support. The interior of this space is embellished lavishly with veined marble, gilded glass, and coloured stone. On lower half of the arcades are fitted marble with intricate patterns as above is decorative with mosaics of trees, plants, fruits, jewels (such as breast plates and necklaces), chalices and crowns. The gold gilded wood dome is decorated with red and gold floral

but also greatly contrasts the plain exteriors of Christian Basilicas. “The surface decoration of the

The church is very colorful. The columns, which were brought from all around the empire, are made from stone and marble of many different colors such as blue, green, and dark red. The floor is topped with marble mosaic and the walls sparkle with beautiful glass mosaics which have designs of vines and pomegranates. Below the central dome are pictures done in mosaics of

The interior is decorated with mosaics and marble pillars and coverings of great artistic value. Justinian oversaw the completion of the greatest cathedral ever built of its time. It has a complex interior structure; the nave is covered by a central dome which is about 182 ft. 5in. from floor level and rests on an arcade of 40 arched windows. The dome had some repairs made to it which made its diameter vary from 101 feet to 103 feet. There are arched openings extended by half domes of same diameter to the central dome carried on smaller semi-domed exedras. Also the interior surfaces are sheathed with polychrome marbles, green and white with purple porphyry, and gold mosaics. The exterior, clad in stucco, was tinted yellow and red during restorations in the 19th century at the direction of the Fossati

I believe that Harold Whitehouse had this idea in his mind when he decides the theme and placement of the windows. The windows let in a soft light that plays a huge role in the effect of the Cathedral as a whole. The palette of all the windows creates an almost royal effect when you walk inside.

Their columns, and domes have been recreated for buildings all over the United States. Columns and domes were key features of of governmental buildings and important shrines and temples in Ancient Rome. Rome’s architecture made it glorious. The ancient Roman historian Livy puts it perfectly. ¨Rome has grown since its humble beginnings that it is now overwhelmed by its own greatness.¨ The United States has copied this idea of using columns and domes, as evidenced by the governments capitol building. The United States capitol building has massive white columns to support it, and a huge dome for the main building, both originally designed by Ancient Rome.The Ancient Roman arches were built wherever there was a significant military victory. The United States has used this idea in their commemorative buildings everywhere, examples are the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Triumphal Arch, the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Arch, and the Smith Memorial Arch. These all mark a major battle or important event. Without the influence of Ancient Rome, America’s architectural style would not be what it is today.

One of these achievements is the Hagia Sophia; a piece of architectural genius. The Hagia Sophia was a

The structural similarity between the two buildings is the large domes, which are vital point of their construction. The materials used in the concrete of the dome also varies. At its thickest point, the aggregate is travertine, then terracotta tiles, then at the very top, tufa and pumice, both porous light stones. At the very top, where the dome would be at its weakest and vulnerable to collapse, the oculus lightens the load. Hagia Sophia is an innovative hybrid of longitudinal and central architectural planning. The building is clearly dominated by the hovering form of its gigantic dome. Its idiosyncratic mixture of basilica and rotunda precludes a ring of masonry underneath the dome to provide support around its circumference, the main dome of Hagia Sophia rests instead on four pendentives that connect the base of the dome with the huge supporting piers at the four corners of the square area beneath it. The origin of the dome on pendentive is obscure, but its large-scale use at Hagia Sophia

This mountainous structure is seen from about every point of Paris and beyond. From the front, you can see two towers jutting out of an ordinary street. The Cathedral also features large stained glass windows, that are one of the most beautiful features of the structures. From the side, you can see the long body of the Cathedral and the spire sticking out of the top. It is somewhat overwhelming being within feet of the structure, because of the immense height and width of the church. Looking at the back, one can clearly see the dome-like structures attaching to the organ room. From the outside, you can clearly see the sculptures depicting the scenes from the Catholic religion. The cathedral is gigantic, but it is easy to process all the sections because of the distinct styles of architecture. From an

The testing of animals in scientific and commercial research has been debated for many years. Some people view animals as companions or part of the family, but others think of them as a way to advance medicine by providing researchers with a means to develop better medical techniques, discovering vaccines, and helping to find a cure for a disease. Regardless of how a person may view animals, they are worthy of better protection by our government and us as a society. Although some animal testing has been successful, there are research alternatives that could eliminate the pain, suffering, and deaths that animals endure in scientific research. Therefore, animals should not be used in scientific research

I always knew what I wanted in life. I liked to plan out my future as much as I could from what I was going to wear the next day to planning my university degrees to planning my wedding. I am futuristic, its one of my strengths. Planning my future is fun for me. I can tell you what university I would like to attend, what my major and minor will be in university, the city I want to live in, the dogs I would like to get when I move out, all the details of my pre-planned wedding, and what my children’s names would be.

walls, there are paintings of the Life of the Virgin. On the bottom of the walls there are images of the seven ecumenical councils. The song “The Last Judgement” is painted on the west wall. Numerous figures of martyrs are painted on the pillars, and there are also many icons. There used to be an icon of “Our Lady of Vladimir,” but later on the icon was moved to St. Basil’s Cathedral so it wouldn’t be stolen because it was so expensive. There are icons of the Virgin Hodegetria, Saint George, Trinity. There is a large iconostasis, which is a screen bearing icon that separates the sanctuary from the nave, that occupies the whole wide wall of the cathedral.

There have been a lot of contributions by scholars to the widely discussed topic of European citizenship. In his article Espen D.H. Olsen argues in contrast to many others, “that the Maastricht Treaty was not year zero in the EU citizenship discourse” (Olsen 2008, p. 40). His study deals with the time before the general discussion over the European citizenship started in the 1970s (cf. ibid, p. 41ff.) The article’s main finding states that European citizenship has been in existence from the European integration’s starting point, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). Olsen defines his concept of citizenship “as a status of individuals in relation to a political unit” (ibid, p. 41) which he divides in the four dimensions