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6-3: This process is used by cells to manufacture _biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products__

• *Describe the 3 main types of cells and the 3 main types of fibers found in connective tissue? Reference Table 5.6.

In this experiment first the stages of an onion cell undergoing mitosis are going to be observed and every stage is going to be detected and drawn on paper. A brief description to what is going on should be attached to the pictures. This is important to understand the basics of cell division which is necessary growth,repair and asexual reproduction. Second the number of cells undergoing each phase is going to be counted to figure out in which phase the cell remains the most. If interphase is the stage in which the cell grows and prepares for cell division then the

2.) Based on the data table, what can you infer about the relative length of time an onion root tip cell spends in each stage of cell division?

In biology, we learn a lot of information that we can use later on in life, no matter what field of study we go into. During this course, we learned about biochemistry, metabolic processes, homeostasis, molecular genetics and population dynamics. Throughout the learning process, we’ve had many questions or INTUS, which we use to expand our knowledge later on and determine the answers to those specific questions. The point of this assignment is to relate questions that we have developed on our particular topic we chose; to these five units we studied in biology.

c) Why are there two sets of phases during meiosis, but only one during mitosis? Think about what is different about meiosis and mitosis. (1 point)

Refer to the data on the corn kernel color frequency from Part III of the lab. (Remember there were four possible types for this part of the lab.)

4)++ As shown in the following figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because

Without cell division and the cell cycle nearly all life would fail to exist. Cell division allows an organism to not only replace its own cells but to create offspring. The cell cycle consists of two main parts: interphase and mitotic phase. Within these two phases the processes can be broken down into further categories. Interphase can be broken down into three subphases that are the necessary preparations the cell makes in order to be ready to divide during mitosis. For this lab we looked mainly at the mitotic phase because of its fascinating and rapid changes to the cell. The cell types we looked at were prepared slides of whitefish and onion root tip.

Find a representative cell for each stage of mitosis on the onion slide and draw a clear diagram of the different phases you observed in the accompanying space. Be sure to draw only what you see, but include all details that are visible. Your drawings will not necessarily look exactly like the ones in Figure 3A, 3B, 3C.

16) If the S phase were eliminated from the cell cycle, the daughter cells would

[A labelled diagram of the end of the Prophase stage of a cell here would be

To observe mitosis in onion root tip cells and record the different phases of mitosis.

E.) Joseph’s heart attack has caused the function of his cells to change. What types of proteins in the cell membrane were involved in the homeostatic imbalances of his heart cells?

The main focus of this lab was to be able to understand the different phases of mitosis and the cell cycle and also identify what those stages may look like. Mitosis is the process in which concerns the production of new cells. For example, when apoptosis(cell death) the process of Mitosis begins to replace the dead cells. To be able to familiarize ourselves with this concept, we took a sample of an onion root and had it put through a process to be able to look at the different phases under the microscope. We found that the majority of the cells were mostly undergoing Interphase or Prophase which are the phases in charge of crossing over of DNA and where the chromosomes then become visible and the nuclear envelope dissipates. The conclusion of this lab was that Mitosis is essential for the production of new cells. In the case of the onion root sample, the cells were damaged leading to the tester to undergo Mitotic cell division and it was found that mainly Interphase and Prophase were the stages that occurred in this lab.