Hallucis Longus

Nerves from each segment of the spinal cord connect to specific regions of the body. The cervical region or neck are referred to as C1 through C8; they control signals to the neck, arms, and hands. The segments in thoracic or upper back region T1 through T12 relay signals to the torso and some parts of the arms. The segments in the upper lumbar or mid-back region just below the ribs, L1 through L5, control signals to the hips and legs. Last, the sacral segments S1 through S5 lie just below the lumbar segments in the mid-back and control signals to the groin, toes, and some parts of the legs. The effects of spinal cord injury at different segments reflect this organization.(SC-Basic Anatomy of Spine-http://www.goes.com/billr/html/_anatomy_of_a_spinal_cord.html)

Both the A-delta fibers and C fibers are responsible for causing the woman phantom limb pain. She has suffered a severe mechanical deformation of amputation below the knee and the C fiber transmission of the dull, aching sensation to her amputated stump. For some patients, phantom limb pain gets better as time goes by. However, some patient may require treatments to manage the pain (McCance & Huether,

The claimant presented with chronic left lower limb radicular symptoms status post lumbar surgery complicated by postoperative arachnoiditis. She had an ambulatory dysfunction secondary to a left foot drop. It was also mentioned that the claimant had depression. Her physical examination revealed weakness, lower limb numbness, and a positive straight leg raise test on the left.

However, if the leg is no longer attached to the body, then how can the neurons in the leg transport signals to the nervous system in order for the body to feel sensations?

There are a few intrinsic muscles that lie in the plantar region of the foot. The plantar region is divided into four layers. In the first plantar layer contains the abductor digiti minimi muscle, abductor hallucis muscle, and the flexor digitorum brevis muscle. The second plantar layer consists of the four lumbrical muscles, and the quadratus plantae muscle. The adductor hallucis muscle, flexor hallucis brevis muscle, and flexor digiti minimi muscle all lay in the third plantar layer. The fourth, and final, plantar layer consists of the seven interosseous

The posterior tibial tendon is one of the vital foot supporting structures. This fibrous begins in the calf muscles, stretching behind the ankle, then attaches to a midfoot bone. That bone is known as the navicular. It is very important in the structure of the arch. The posterior tibial tendon has an important role of securing the navicular in the right position. This in turn holds the arch of the foot in place, while providing support when tension is transferred from the toes to the rest of the foot. When this particular bone loses position due to tendon malfunction, the arch starts to sag, and eventually disappears. This leads to a flatfoot deformity. Post

present an overview of the Peripheral nerve injury, its pathology, types, and the various methods

The peroneal tendon can suffer from degenerative injury as well as an acute injury. If the damage is caused by a sudden increase in activity such as beginning running after being sedentary, you might experience pain in your foot and ankle over the area of the injury. The pain might be worse when you turn your foot from side to side. If you

She was running in a triathlon and was hit by a car on her posterior side. The woman was hit damaging her Thoracic-lumbar Fascia muscle and caused a fracture-dislocation focused on her lumbar vertebrae L1-L5. This section of the spine includes many nerves. The muscles that are controlled by these nerves would include the large intestine, small intestine, appendix, male and female reproductive system, prostate glands, etc.) Thoracic-lumbar fascia, thigh muscles (rectus femoris, quadriceps, adductors, hip flexors, Sartorius, hamstrings, tensor fascia), calf muscles (soleus, Tibullus interior, gastrocnemius, Achilles tendon), and feet muscles (extensor diaitorium, flexor digatorium) the sciatic nerve originates from the nerves exiting the lumbar. (echiropractic.net)

Current research suggests that trigger points are caused by a dysfunction in the nerves that signal the muscles to contract (Simons, Travell, & Simons 1999). When the neural activity becomes unsynchronized, it can cause muscles to contract without relaxing (Simons et al. 1999; Ge, Fernandez-de-las-Penas, & Yue 2011). This constant contraction results in a trigger point, which restricts blood flow to the taut muscle area and causes both localized and referred pain (Ge et al. 2011). Researchers theorize that DN interferes with the malfunctioning nerve signals and resets them to their normal function (Simons et al. 1999; Giamberardino, Affaitati, Fabrizio, & Costantini 2011).

     Let us see how the Hallucinogenic Toreador came about. Dali had doubtless talent, which was drawn apoun systematic confusion. For many, trying to make sense of this painting was distinctly unhelpful. Dali made the dates and titles of his work as he had the tales he told about his life. Studies of this painting never came complete. The tones of light in the painting are perfectly placed on each object to show form and three dimensions of light, and contour. Females are lined up facing different directions. Three of the statue like females show only light which makes the chest and belly look like the bottom of a males face. Everything on the painting is made to show Salvador’s family and some depict the face of

I find myself lying in bed, drifting ever so closely to sleep. My body slowly numbs into a more rested state. Abruptly, I am awakened by an incredible force that is pinning my entire body down at once. It is overwhelmingly strong. My limbs wildly try to fight back only to find themselves powerless to this unseen...something...what it is I am unsure. I am physically unable to move a muscle. I try to scream. The noise won't come. I try to scream louder. Still nothing. The more I try to push it off it pushes down harder and harder on me. I am unnerved by the fact that I see nothing causing this intense pressure. I feel breathless. I wonder if I've officially lost my mind. Helplessly, I begin to realize there is nothing I can do to stop this from happening. I give in, accepting defeat. Slowly now the force begins to recede. I find myself making weird babbling noises, grabbing deliriously at my pillows and blankets. I slowly regain control of my muscle movements. And there I am. Still lying in my bed. Yet now I lay terrified, confused, and unsure of what just came over me.

The anatomy of the foot is very complex. There are twenty six bones in each foot. The bones in both feet equal one-quarter of the bones in the human body. There are thirty three joints and over one hundred muscles, tendons and ligaments in the foot as well. The longest bones of the foot are known as the metatarsals. There are five in each foot with the fifth being on the exterior of the foot and the first on the interior. On the end of each metatarsal there are phalanges, better known to most people as toes. The phalanges and metatarsals are the easiest to break or injure from weight bearing activities. According to the

This is done when the foot is inverted most of the time. This happens when the foot is awkwardly planted or is stepped upon during activities. Stepping in a surface that is irregular, such as in an athletic event when one player steps on another player foot a sprain can result.

Fortunately, Permanent damage to the upper roots is uncommon. Usual involvement is of the suprascapular, axillary and musculocutaneous nerves. Muscles most often paralyzed are supraspinatus and infraspinatus supplied by the suprascapular nerve, which is fixed between two points and does not accommodate stretching. In more severely affected patients, deltoid, biceps, brachialis and subscapularis are also involved. Patients with C5 and C6 palsies usually have residual weakness of rhomboids and serratus anterior leading to mild winging of scapula, an acceptable