Han and Roman Empires
The Roman Empire existed between 31 B.C.E to 476 C.E. and the Han Dynasty occurred 202 B.C.E. to 220 C.E. They existed at same times but were on opposite ends of Eurasia. They both had regions that were ruled by either kings, viceroys or governors in the name of the emperor. They were both similar in slavery, government, and their downfall. They also had their differences in religion, military, and center of power.
Both civilizations had very strong central governments which allowed for powerful and expanding kingdoms. Both empires had to develop road systems for their expanding military. The Roman army men were experienced and privileged and held high ranks in their class system and played an important role,
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The Roman empire collapsed due to pressure of invasions by barbarians in the west and the Persians in the east. Generals that were rivals murdered emperors and overtook the throne. Economy declined and the state kept taking more and more taxes and resources from the citizens. In the west, in the fifth century, Roman authority collapsed and in the east a Christian Roman Empire survived in the city of Constantinople and turned into the Byzantine Empire.
1. Albert M. Craig, William A. Graham, Donald Kagan, Steven Ozment, Frank M. Turner. “Republic and Imperial Rome”. The Heritage of World Civilizations. 1: 124-156. (2007, 2005, 2002) Pearson Education, Inc. New Jersey.
2. Albert M. Craig, William A. Graham, Donald Kagan, Steven Ozment, Frank M. Turner. “China‘s First Empire”. The Heritage of World Civilizations. 1: 1152 (2007, 2005, 2002) Pearson Education, Inc. New
There were two major similarities between the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty. Both the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty were great empires that had large land areas under their control. Han China and the Roman Empire put a lot of effort into building and expanding their territories. The Han Dynasty expanded their territory further Qin boundary and Romans wanted more territory for military uses. They manufactured streets that helped with trade and built new buildings, pipes, and
The Roman Empire fell of multiple reasons. Some say it was because leaders were corrupted or it was economic issues. The reasons that will be talked about further on are, surrounding cities invaded Rome, Christianity spread, and their borders became to hard to control.
Han China and Rome are actually very similar in their geographical conquests. First of all, both civilizations were the largest and most expansive in their areas. Rome stretched from Spain, England, and France to Mesopotamia and North Africa. The Han dynasty expanded to Korea, china, and central Asia. These huge areas allowed a feeling of power and more economic stability, but also had a few downfall's. Even though the Roman Empire had close to 60 million people in the lands, the population began to dwindle by the end of its empire, they could no longer supply enough people to protect its borders, so they had to turn to outside sources for its military. These outside sources had distrusting loyalties, so, Rome’s borders were not so well protected and eventually fell to complete invasion. Han Dynasty fell to its fate. Both the Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire's weakened so much that they both crippled under the weight of outside invasions. A huge difference between the two civilizations, however, was their level of isolation. Being in China, the Han Dynasty was on the east side and was much more isolated than Rome, which was a peninsula and quite open to everywhere. Though
As you can see the Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire possessed many differences both politically and through their accomplishments. That being said, they also shared an extensive variety of similarities. They varied in government, but
The Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty were both some of the greatest empires in their time. The fall of the Roman Empire was followed by the fall of the Han Dynasty. Three major things that contributed to these empires falling were the economic troubles these empires were going through at the time, taxation was a huge trouble for some of these empires, trade was also a big contribution, and being economically weak had an impact as well. Political reasons were a major of why these empires fell, both these empires had problems when it came down to their rulers, both these empires also split into two at a point, as well as the gap between the rich and the poor.
The Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty were similar through trade because they both utilized the silk road. The Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty were different in the areas of technology. The Roman Empire developed several different innovations such as aqueducts and hypocaust along with many others. The Han Dynasty developed silk, a secret their dynasties kept for a long time. Other new technologies include paper,
Besides these similarities, the two empires also had several differences in terms of what had contributed to their downfalls. For one, the Han Dynasty had decentralization transpire and a rebellion. The Han Dynasty had decentralization occur because the power shifted from the central government to warlords which befell after a reform had taken over the empire. “After the reform, governors were granted executive authority over the province, Therefore, the governors not only had power over the civil decisions of the province, but they also became the military leaders” (Zhi). The
Rome and Han were similar in terms of military techniques and methods. The similarity was the way the two kingdoms had imperial administrations. Both Rome and Han established their territories through defending and fighting for their land. This can be proved from the way the Romans used various legions that had heavy infantry in the warfare. The Han dynasty had the same legions which they used in their warfare. Each legion had thousands of soldiers and they were sent to the battlefield in order to fight.
The Roman Empire is still known today as one of history’s most powerful period. Rome government had stick rules and policies. The Roman government at this point was known as the Roman Republic. The Roman Republic was controlled by the roar Rome. Bureaucracy was ran throughout the region, but Rome did not want this nor could they afford it. However, they did allow small cities to run a lower level of government. The exercise of indirect rule thus became a basic principle of imperial government. The business of local administration and jurisdiction was delegated to the existing communities of city or tribe. This type of structure was deemed to be a weakness to some historians because of the consequences. Consequences that allow a third level government to enforce the emperor’s rules. Because of the expansion of the territory, this was the only reasonable way for it to function normally. The empire was a "commonwealth of cities" which acted as economic and cultural of the Roman world and were integrated into the administrative system as local foci of government. This imperial ruling was first implemented by Rome. It came about because of social trends and not the Roman strategic policies that was often changed by Romanized upper class citizens. These upper classman brought about firmness throughout the land with their strategic and educated planning.
I will start by addressing the primary similarities, which are that each Empire was responsible for innovating and creating things in the following areas of: mathematics, architecture, and philosophy. In contrast, the differences that existed were due to each Empire creating advancements and developments as a need from their respective demography, which means their environment and surroundings dictated the areas they excelled and innovated the most in.
As technology grew, it was viewed in many different ways. Both han and roman empires had state of the art technology developments and advancements, and they both adapted technology from other people. However, they had different views on technology. The Han empire had a more open and optimistic view on new technology, when on the other hand the Romans had more of a neutral look on technology.
The Western Roman Empire is historically known for their drastic fall. Before they were an empire, 509 BC to 27 BC, they were a republic. The republic ended when Octavian changed his name to Augustus and took control. The empire was preserved from Augustus’s reign in 27 BC to the fall in 476 AD. What caused the fall of the empire? The social and cultural aspect in the Western Roman Empire was declining, as was the economy, which led to the weakening of the military- all causing the fall of the Roman Empire. The Roman culture was being changed dramatically, including the old Roman virtues. The economy was in trouble with jobs and therefore, money. And lastly, what some believe to be the main cause, the inability of the army to hold back the invaders.
The Roman Empire fell for primarily political reasons within the government itself. The Emperors were unfit to rule even though they inherited their throne or were payed to rule since they had no official way to decide emperor. These leaders were mentally unstable; one of the emperors even tried to put his horse in senate! They were especially greedy, for emperors, and had no system to replace the emperors if they died. A lot of the time they were killed by their own praetorian guard! These unfit emperors made taxes higher and made their living conditions worse, as a result, the citizen of Rome revolted against them.
The roman empire fell due to government and army issues. Soldiers were loyal to their generals not Rome. This caused them to no fight as hard because they’re not fighting for their home city. The government ran out of money to pay the soldiers. They ran out of money due to sacks by the barbarians and a bad streak of emperors. In conclusion the Roman Empire fell due to a lack of a loyal army and streak of bad emperors.
Roman were great in architecture and things from big buildings and roads to bridges and aqueducts. In the modern world, we sometimes use their ideas. They also had advancements in language and writing. They were able to communicate and have scribes write stuff for recording meetings and events. In modern times, Latin is used as roots in languages like English and Italian. Also, they had art. The art made by the Romans was stuff such as mosaics and statues like busts. They influenced modern day art such as the bust of George Washington and the bust of Julius Caesar. They also had philosophy which the study of wisdom and knowledge. The Romans believed in a divine intelligence that agrees with nature and can bear pain bravely and silently. This thing is called a stoic. Now a days, people call someone a “stoic” when they act like one. An important one that they accomplished was justice. They believed it was the universal law of nature that everybody was supposed to be treated equally and fairly. They were able to accomplish that in the beginning but failed to do so in the end. During the time the empire accomplished it, they tried to make fair deals. In modern times, we use this law in the