Hard Palate

The palate, or roof of the mouth has two parts; anterior and a posterior portion. The anterior is the firm tissue closest to the teeth to the middle of the roof of the mouth. The hard palate is in white firm center in the top of the mouth. The wave like tissue is the palatine rugae leading to the incisive papilla which is the small bulge at the beginning of the palate (Martini). The posterior portion of the palate is a looser more yellow and light pink color. The soft palate goes from the middle of the uvula that hangs from the posterior palate.

On today’s evaluation, she is 13 6/7 weeks and the crown-rump length measurement is concordant. The nuchal translucency measurement fell within the normal range. The nasal bone was identified, and there was normal ductus flow.

Infants do not visit the dentist, so this is the only real opportunity to prepare families on what to expect. Providing parents with a printed dental chart will help decrease some of the anxiety during the teething process (Plutzer, Spencer, & Keirse, 2010). Parents would benefit from a helpful list of symptoms unlikely associated with teething, including a rash other than a facial rash, vomiting, decreased liquid intake, and temperature over 38.9C or 102F. The parents would be provided with specific instructions on who to contact if any of these signs and symptoms occur or any other

Everyone in the world is inherently unique. However, some people may have some extraordinary characteristics that define who they are. I was born with a cleft lip and cleft soft palate, meaning that during my development not enough tissue formed in my mouth and lip, which left a gap, or hole, in my soft palate and lip; this “birth defect” is treatable with numerous surgical procedures. While I am whole-heartedly grateful for the opportunity to fix my cleft lip and cleft soft palate, I faced physical, social, and religious trials along the way that together helped mold the person I am today.

According to Johnson et al. (2011), this condition has complete penetrance and variable expressivity of the trait. In more than 75 percent of patients, facial bone hypoplasia, involving the mandible and zygomatic complex, occurs (Johnson et al., 2011). The patient may have limited opening of the mouth, a small lower jaw, malocclusion, steep downward angle of the upper and lower jaws, cleft palate or a high vaulted palate (Renju, Renju, Varma, Kumar, & Kumaran, 2014). The maxilla may also be hypoplastic, according to Johnson et al. (2011), but it may be seen as overprojecting. Cleft palates are also a common feature of this syndrome. In some of the more severe cases, the insufficient formation of the facial bones could potentially obstruct the airway of the patient (Chang & Steinbacher, 2012). Some symptoms that can impact the eyes of the patient include: down-slanted palpebral fissures, lower eyelid coloboma, and spare eyelashes. Vision loss (33%), strabismus (37%), congenital cataracts, and microphthalmia or anophthalmia can occur, as well, according to findings from Chang and Steinbacher (2012). Despite these potential symptoms, vision is typically normal due to the retina developing on a branchial arch not affect by Treacher Collins syndrome and most patients have at least one

Individuals with cleft palate may experience secondary disorders such as feeding and suckling difficulties in infancy, facial deformities, hypernasality, and difficulty maintaining sufficient intraoral pressure to properly produce pressure consonants. These problems can occur at multiple stages as a child grows into adolescence and young

Sutures in the in skull fuse prematurely causing the patient to have a short, wide head with bulging eyes that are wide-set. The shallow eye sockets cause strabismus (the eyes to point in different directions). Because the skull is wider than normal the patient will have a beak-like nose and an underdeveloped upper jaw. This causes dental problems and can also contribute to hearing loss. In a normally developing individual, the eyes start lower on the head and move upwards as the child grows. With Crouzon patients, this is interrupted and the ear canals can become malformed. The chin will protrude and make the child look as if it has a concave face. The patient may also have a cleft palate or lip.

According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH, 2013), Apert syndrome is a genetic disease that results in the premature fusion of the sutures between the bones of the skull (craniosynostosis), which causes an abnormally shaped head and face. Apert syndrome accounts for approximately 4.5% of all craniosynostosis syndromes, with an estimated birth prevalence of 1:64,500 (Giancotti et al., 2014, p. 1445). Because children with Apert syndrome exhibit a variety of craniofacial and central nervous system anomalies, many of them are likely to demonstrate severe speech and language difficulties. As a future speech-language pathologist, it is important to be aware of some of the major factors contributing to these children’s speech and language problems in order to better serve them and their families. Thus, in this paper, I will closely examine the causes, signs and symptoms, and possible treatment options for Apert syndrome, as well as explore some of the speech, language, hearing, and other related problems often associated with it.

The defects are not known but some reason can be poor nutrition in pregnancy which can be the cause of cleft lip and cleft palate .

Finding the best treatment for children with swallowing disorders is a problem many Speech-Language Pathologists are challenged with. Knowing the etiology is of the utmost importance when determining the appropriate treatment for the disorder. This articles emphasizes the significance of finding the etiology of the disorder. To find the etiology, a battery of test

Wide cleft palate is the most severe type of congenital cleft palate disease and palatal fistula remains a significant problem for clinicians regardless of the type of repair. Various local flaps have been used to achieve primary closure in wide cases of cleft palate(1-3). Even though the surgeon performs complete closure, secondary oronasal fistula and severe scar contracture and subsequent growth disturbance can develop because of the large area of raw bone surfaces. How to decrease complications and improve surgical results is the main task that the cleft surgeon faces.

The vast majority of people seldom reflect on the possibility of birth defects or malformations in their children. Most will rest easy knowing that their child is healthy and developing normally in the womb because of modern medical advances. However, there is always a risk. Despite the probability being small, there are always risks of complications. Cleft lip or palate affects only 1 in 700 births throughout the entirety of the planet. Clefts are congenital and there are environmental factors that contribute to the etiology of this rare malformation, most of which are avoidable or correctable with proper, professional aid. There are many details as to what causes cleft lips and palates that are undetermined. This paper will give insight on what is a cleft, the etiologies of a cleft lip or palate and a detailed description of surgery/ treatment options as well as the role of a speech-language pathologist in the life of a client with a cleft lip or palate.

Teething stimulates saliva in your baby’s mouth correspondingly now might be the era to check for any visible lumps or redness upon your baby’s gums that may signal a tooth is nearly to arrive through. moreover the extra saliva can create your baby cough or gag sometimes, this is usually nothing to upset practically appropriately long as your baby seems glad and isn’t showing any signs of a cold or flu and doesn’t have a high temperature, but check afterward your doctor if you are

Signs of teething may include irritability, loss of appetite, chewing and gnawing on objects, swollen or bruised gums, excessive salivation, a raised temperature, and sometimes even earaches and diaper rash. Teething symptoms will usually start to rear their ugly head approximately six months into your baby's development.

The oral stage of development, begins at birth (even prenatally) and ends approximately, when the child is one-year old. The source of libido or pleasure and conflict, is the mouth. The child will enjoy sucking, feeding, and putting things in their mouth. The psychological theme here is dependency. Babies can do very little for themselves, and this would be the time where they are cared for deeply by their mothers and their most intimate bonding time. When a child is deprived of this and his/ her needs are not properly fulfilled it can lead to an oral fixation or overindulgence in their later life. Fixation in this stage could lead to problems such as smoking, nail biting, pen chewing, overeating, alcoholism, sarcasm and verbal hostility. (Sammons,