Hardy Weinberg 's Effect On The Population

Genotype: The make-up of alleles for a particular trait in an organism. For example, if black was a recessive trait in chickens, coded for by b, and there was a black chicken, its genotype would be bb.

In a large, randomly mating population where mutations, migration, and natural selection are no longer viable, the allele and genotypic frequencies will remain at equilibrium. If any of these conditions are changed, then the allele and genotype frequencies will be unable to maintain genetic equilibrium.

What observations can you make regarding the gene pool and gene frequency of the surviving individuals?

Traits get passed down from one generation to the next through Meiosis (cell division), where each parent gives you one Gene for each trait.

Suppose the feather color of a bird is controlled by two alleles, D and d. The D allele results in dark feathers, while the d allele results in lighter feathers.

Gregor Mendel theorized that certain combinations of alleles in a genotype would result in a specific ratio of phenotypes expressed in each generation. For example, in the case of the dominant heterozygous anthocyanin genotype, the P1 with (ANL/anl) crossed with the P2 (ANL/anl) would result in a 1:2:1 ratio for genotypes (ANL/ANL), (ANL/anl) and (anl/anl). However,

Calculate the ratios of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1 generation.

with a frequency of 25%, and crossover gametes between genes Y and Z are observed with a

Evolution – a change in the number of times specific genes that codes for specific characteristics occur within an interbreeding population over a period of time.

Arnold, P. (2009, December 4). Endangered Species Tasmanian Devil: Low Genetic Diversity as a Factor of the Tasmanian Devil as an Endangered Species. Retrieved March 8, 2015, from http://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/13897.aspx

Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation, calculate the predicted genotype frequencies for each population scenario below. Place your calculations and data in the space provided below. Once you have calculated the frequencies, answer the conclusion questions for each one. Please remember that all calculations must be shown for full credit.

There are five conditions that must be met for a population to be in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. First off, the population must be large enough so that allele frequency does not change due to chance. Secondly, mating must be random. Also, there should be no migration where different populations can encounter. Finally, there should be no mutations and natural

In meiosis the pairs of chromosomes (that code for possible outcomes of characteristics) temporarily join and exchange information (crossing over) creating different combinations of gene types (alleles). For example; a pair of chromosomes could be a dominant allele (gene type) and a recessive allele which might code for brown hair. After crossing over it might be recessive which could be blond hair.

This doesn’t directly chance the frequency of alleles within the gene pool, but the new member may have a unique combination of characteristics so superior to those of other members of the population that the new member will be much more successful in producing offspring. Furthermore, In a corn population, for example, there may be alleles for resistance to corn blight (a fungal disease) and to attack by insects. Corn plants that possess both of these characteristics will be more successful than corn plants that have only one of these qualities. They will probably produce more offspring (corn seeds) than the others, because they will survive fungal and insect attacks. Thus, there will be a change in the allele frequency for these characteristics in future generations.

Allele frequency is a measure of the relative frequency of an allele on a genetic locus in a population; which is usually it is expressed as a proportion or a percentage ("Allele frequency," 2014). In population genetics, allele frequencies show the genetic diversity of a species population or equivalently the richness of its gene pool ("Allele frequency," 2014). The frequencies