Harry Harlow

Harlow’s experiment started when the monkeys were “separated at birth from their mother” (Green, N.D.). Therefore, the monkeys had no idea who their actual mother was when the experiment was starting. The monkeys were put in separate cages and half of them were put with a “cold wire mother and the other was a warm, fuzzy cloth mother” (King,2017).  The infant monkeys were being fed by either the cold wire or the fuzzy cloth artificial mothers. Harlow then put the

47). The supposedly medical nature of these studies, with the corresponding chance for advancing the health of the human species, is overcome by the fact that “animal models have questionable accuracy” (Singer, Animal Liberation, p. 58). A particularly chilling take-away from the studies Singer lists is that most of them end with a note along the lines of ‘further experimentation necessary’, implying that the researchers are involved in a self-fulfilling negative cycle where their personal pursuit for grant money, publication in peer reviewed journals, and the elusive accolades of their colleagues far overshadows the immense amount of suffering their studies are causing. Indeed, Singer presents his argument in a convincing format, with one account surpassing the next in its sheer lack of consideration for animals as living creatures. This reinforces his argument that humans are speciesists, prone to causing harm to non-humans without a thought if it means a slight (perceived) enhancement in their own state.

Smith, Wesley J. “The Grim Good of Animal Research.” Scientific Research, edited by Sylvia Engdahl, Greenhaven Press, 2015. Opposing Viewpoints. Opposing Viewpoints In Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010948220/OVIC?u=scschools&sid=OVIC&xide9245e81. Accessed 26 Apr. 2018. Originally published in www.firstthing.com, 18 Oct.

In this case study, there were a few incidents of violations of ethics. In 1998, Callahan recommends that researchers should follow the three ethical issues: Autonomy, beneficence, and human justice. Autonomy is the first ethical principle that a researcher should respect the participate and make sure that informed consent has been given. The participates of this study was not aware the risk or what the study was about and actually could not give consent legally because they were minors. Johnson and Tudor did not give full disclosure of this research to the minors, teachers, or matrons at the orphanage. Beneficence is the second ethical principle; the researcher should maximize

This section of Chalmers’ book makes the reader ponder the morality of medical experiments like abortions, stem cell research, and infanticide in the world today and questions whether we have learned from Nazi medical experiments in the past.

He did have two wives though. His first one was a girl named Charlotte lombard. She was married with him from 1908-1947. Then he married Francess cass. They were married from 1949-1956.

The experiments conducted in New York University’s research laboratories are cruel and the details are horrendously graphic. Researchers intentionally mutilate the eyes of the baby Macaque monkeys,

In 1820, he married a women named Dianthe Lusk, the couple ended up having about 7 kids before his wife passed away. The following year, 1833, he married

Throughout his life, he was a leading scholar who in 1916 earned his Ph.D. in Semitic Languages from John Hopkins University. After a short time in the Army, in 191, he became a Thayer Fellow at ASOP, he served as a director from 1921-1929. Then in 1929 he became a professor at John Hopkins University from

On the 10th of March 1853, James Bently married Catherine Sherwin and 1853 they had their first child named Francis all of their kids were born between 1853 and 1865. They then had six other kids named Louisa, Matilda, Christopher, Albert, Ada and Ernest.

On August 28, 1924, in spite of his parents’ objections, he married Helen Elliot. In 1926, their first child, David was born; he was followed in 1928 by Natalie who is now is a prominent expressive arts

Harry Hopkins was born in Iowa on 1980. Hopkins grew up in the midwestern with their values of self-reliance and thrift. Which is using money in a reliable manner. He studied in Iowa until his graduation date in 1912 where he completed college. He studied in Grinnell College where he studied American Politics, and the British Parliamentary System. Grinnell College is a liberal arts college known for their academic excellence. Harry Hopkins was a very enthusiastic man who always knew that he wanted to do

Margaret Bonds born in Chicago on March 3, 1913 died on Los Angeles April 26, 1972. Margaret was an American composer, pianist and a teacher. Bonds was the daughter of a physician and an organist. Bonds studied under her mother as younger adult. Bonds home was a gathering residence where writers, musicians, artists came together to share their interests and ideas. Composers such as Will Marion Cook and Florence Price gathered at the house. Bonds studied at Northeastern University, where she got her Bachelor and Master degree.

He married Lita Grey, an actress he cast in the Gold Rush, in 1924 and had two kids with her. They divorced

Peter Singer’s argument for determining when animal experiments are justified is stated in his papers “All Animals are Equal” and “Tools for Research”. His argument in regards to animal experimentation and speciesism is very thought provoking and makes the readers review their own biases regarding human/animal relations. Although some of the ideas the author brings forward, such as using mentally retarded or orphaned babies for experimentation, are radical, they do make one think about the biases we have as a species. Also, his thoughts on mammals and birds ability to feel pain being