Hattie Self Regulation

One theory, argued by Peter Gray, a research psychologist at Boston College, is that the rise in adolescent depression is due not only to the adolescent’s feeling of lack of control over his or her life but also a shift from intrinsic goals to extrinsic goals. Gray explains that teenagers in our modern society do not feel as if they have control over their lives even though it may appear that we do have more control over factors such as disease and wealth. Julien Rotter’s questionnaire is used to measure a person’s sense of control, and Gray points out that the scores of modern day indicate that the average young person in 2002 was more “external” than were “80% of the young people in the 1960’s.” This means that teenagers today have the attitude that what is supposed to happen will, indicating a sense of lack of control over a situation, which is one of the main reasons depression and anxiety occur. (Gray, Dramatic Rise) Along with this idea, Gray references Jean Twenge when he argues that there has been a shift from more personal goals to more worldly goals in teenagers. Twenge found that more adolescents are forming extrinsic goals, or “those that have to do with material rewards and other people’s judgments” rather than intrinsic goals which have to do with “one’s own development as a person.” Because

It is said by many in the psychological fields that self-actualization can only come from within, and this is accepted as folk wisdom by society at large. You can’t run away from yourself is a common axiom. We all intuitively understand that the keys to self-actualization and self-improvement don’t lie with more money or a new home in a new location, but in consistent self-improvement driven by humility and appreciation. Having said that, we must understand that environment and tools available for ones disposal nonetheless retain a role in self-actualization; after all, lest an individual be left in a dark hole in the ground, no amount of internal progress can make him into a self-actualized, productive member of society.

5. Self-actualisation – the need for personal fulfilment and the need to grow and develop.

Self-efficacy is a complex concept which empowers us to do whatever we believe we can do, giving us self-confidence, and enhancing our motivation (Carey & Forsyth, 2017). Fisher and Kridli (2014) define motivation as, “A complex concept that includes the beliefs, values, and attitudes regarding the accomplishment of a desired behavior or behaviors" (P. 238, Para. 3). Furthermore, Patrick and Hagtvedt (2012) conceptualize empowerment as, “A feeling of strength and control that in turn may help motivate goal pursuit” (P. 373, Para. 3). Patrick and Hagtvedt (2012) proposed that, “Using the word "don 't" rather than “can’t” represents two distinct types of refusal that differ in terms of what they implicitly connote about the consumer’s commitment and attitude toward their goals” (P. 371, Para. 2). Just as in the original study, my study seeks to demonstrate the use of ‘self-talk’ in creating empowerment in an individual, which will enhance the resistance to temptation and motivate goal directed behavior (Patrick & Hagtvedt, 2012, P. 372). In the prior study, quantitative analysis was performed using ANOVA, Chi-square, and binary logistic regression (Patrick & Hagtvedt, 2012). The original study was performed without mention of participant recruitment, demographic data, debriefment, as well as informed consent;

The intrapersonal model focuses on health promotion and health education efforts in order to increase awareness of health-related issues among individuals, such as knowledge, attitudes, personal beliefs, and the individual’s skill set (Riegelman and Kirkwood, 2015). This is important because it zeros in on the individual and what they know and can do in order to allow for change. One of the many models within the intrapersonal theory is the transtheoretical model, also known as the stages of change model. The transtheoretical model’s constructs are that the individual goes through incremental stages when changing a behavior instead of making big changes all at the same time (Riegelman and Kirkwood, 2015). The first construct is the precontemplation stage, where the individual has not yet thought about changing their behavior. Next, is the contemplation stage, where the individual is actively thinking about the pros and cons of change. Then the next stage is preparation, where the individual is thinking about a plan of action. Next, is the action stage, where the change is taking place in the individual’s behavior. Finally, the maintenance stage, where the change becomes a permanent change in the individual’s lifestyle. (Riegelman and Kirkwood, 2015). The importance in this model is the ability

People face obstacles every day: the unbearable coworker, federal income taxes, and tupperware with no matching lids. Pressing issues such as these already contribute enough stress to life as it is, but for some, the obstacle is themselves. Whether this be because of guilt, poor self esteem, or mental illness, it is important to realize the toxicity of this dynamic and prevent it, as it can lead to serious consequences even more daunting than those of plastic wares. Ralph Marston, the writer of The Daily Motivator, states that because of the pressures that many people face each day, it’s important to avoid this type of relationship with oneself. Despite how difficult it can be for some to do so and the failure some meet, Marston’s point holds extreme validity and could prove to be beneficial when implemented in one’s lifestyle.

Self-directedness or self-affirmation, and challenging external power structures begins with challenging our own assumptions and developing moral courage to bring to supervision and peers. We can begin identifying assumptions that oppose our interests that potentially harm service users (Bloom, 2006).

Do you know the definition of insanity? It’s “doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results”. Many people roll through life thinking like this, thinking that what they do is a waste of their lives by expecting change yet never taking action. But there is a solution in Jack Canfield’s and Kent Healy’s book. The Success Principles for Teens: How to Get From Where You Are to Where You Want to Be “is a road map whether your goal is to become a better student, athlete, start a business, make millions of dollars, or simply find guidance or direction”. I believe that Canfield and Healy accomplish this by giving advice for certain situations and advice to keep you on track to success through their success principles.

The Transtheoretical Model does not only consist of the stages of change. Self-efficacy, or one’s self confidence in engaging in action, also plays a huge factor in this theory. A person is less likely to engage in a positive health behavior if there self-efficacy is low. Decision balance is the balancing of pros and cons towards the behavior change the person takes into account. In early stages, such as precontemplation and contemplation, cons outweigh the pros, and a behavior change is unlikely. In contrary, the pros outweigh the cons in the later stages. Throughout all stage of the Transtheoretical Model, there are situational temptations, which are external triggers that can cause a person to relapse. These include negative emotions associated with the behavior change such as anger or sadness, and social

In March, my PSYC class was presented with a challenge - to identify a personal improvement goal and to address this issue using an Immunity to Change map. My lengthy list of personal struggles was quickly narrowed down to one item with focused reflection. My improvement goal was to engage in productive thoughts and behaviors that would provide better time management practices. I was initially looking to improve my behaviors at home so that it would translate into success in all areas of my life including my career. With thoughtful observation and consideration, the Immunity to Change (ITC) map provided a developmentally raw process that continues to help me focus on my improvement goal today. Although I am still working on this goal,

: Given the right set of circumstances, it does seem possible for self-actualization to be supported by employers/supervisors. For example, in the article by Holman et al. (2012) from discussion question three, the authors discuss the use of job design such as job control, which is one way of providing autonomy to employees for the timing and methods of work tasks. This workplace autonomy would likely provide growth opportunities for employees and may offer an avenue for them to explore the realization of their full potential. Autonomy in work environments does have empirical support for promoting higher levels of self-determination for both employees and managers, which in turn implies personal development and self-actualization (Arnaud &

This model helps people identify their own concerns; it works with people to help them developing the knowledge and skills to take action. Self-empowerment is central to this model.

The 7 Habits of Highly Effective Teens by Sean Covey is a modified version of his father’s book, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. Unlike Stephen Covey, who wrote his book with the audience of adults in mind, his son’s book is targeted towards teens. “ Covey avoids the academic writing style that one will find in Stephen’s and delivers the seven habits model in an easy to read, humorous style that does not lose any of the impact of the seven habits” (Change Management Coach). Being both entertaining and visually appealing, Covey goes deep into the seven habits while adding life experiences of both him and family. Included are also the stories of teens around the country. Each habit builds upon the next; therefore you cannot have habit two and three without habit one. Although together, the habits makeup an effective teen, separately, they each help in different ways, mentally and socially.

Self-regulation is an important part of an individual’s everyday life. From the moment a person wakes up until the moment they go to sleep, they are engaging in self-regulatory practices throughout much of their day. These self-regulatory processes are not only conscious decisions that one makes throughout a variety of situations, but can become deeply imbedded in an individual’s way of life. Through a social-cognitive perspective, one may define self-regulation as producing feelings, thoughts, and actions. These are planned and adapted cyclically in order for one to achieve personal goals in a changing social and physical environment (Zimmerman, 2010, as cited in Durand-Bush, McNeill, Harding, & Dobransky, 2015, p. 257). One must constantly modify their actions in order to obtain the desired outcome. Self-regulation involves looking in retrospect at past actions, evaluating them, and then choosing current behavior to be consistent with desires. For some, self-regulatory practices have been built over many years throughout one’s life and continue to grow. The individual learns new knowledge and practices that they can incorporate into their lives. Daily actions are motivated by both internal and external forces. According to Ryan and Deci (2000), there is a very important difference between intrinsic and extrinsic kinds of motivation. Intrinsic motivation entails doing something because it is essentially interesting or enjoyable, while extrinsic motivation entails doing

Whiles spending time in thought, our minds often wonder and contemplate all sorts of memorable experiences – good or bad. If we apply structure to our thoughts, we can synthesize ideas and set goals by remembering where we came from, understanding where we are, and committing to where we know we want to be (RUCK). When I apply RUCK two things quickly come to mind; 5E Model and leadership.