Haylee Carroll Research Paper

All primates have a common ancestor, from millions of years ago. Go further back, and you will find a common ancestor for all mammals. Then a common ancestor for all vertebrates, then animals, then all life on earth. How closely two organisms are related can be deduced by looking for homologous structures, structures that look similar and have a similar function. This proves that the organisms descended from a common ancestor. Station 1 contained multiple vertebrate skeletons. They all had homologous structures, including a vertebral column and a rib cage. This shows that all vertebrates are related and come from a common ancestor with a

Shannon Brownlee a writer for The Sacramento Bee states that the obesity problem has to do with the meal sizes of the seller. She says that “When they do well economically, we gain weight” (Brownlee, para. 4). Brownlee is trying to say that whenever people buy more and more fast food, the businesses get paid and the consumer gains weight in an unhealthy way. I agree with Brownlee on how businesses give out unhealthy food and do not care about the consumer. When businesses get paid they believe that the consumer wants more so they give what they get and what they give is unhealthy food and what they get is a lot of money. I agree with Shannon Brownlee on how businesses give out unhealthy food and do not care about the consumer. Brownlee is stating

A cladogram is a chart that show similarities through a selected species of organism or completely random organisms. They are basically tree like structures to show similar characteristics. Some of these characteristics may be opposable thumbs, hair, cells, or segmented bodies, although all characters can be used. There are many different names for these such charts: phylogeny, evolutionary tree, phylogenetic tree, and cladogram.(reading trees, 2006) In cladograms, there are clades, a clade is a group of species that shares a common ancestor. Each of these organisms share a common trait or traits with this ancestor. While cladograms show certain similarities between species, there is no defined strength of any of the similarities, thus all must be treated with equal meaning. This can lead to awkward situations of species which seem to bare no resemblance to each other being actually correct. This can show great evidence towards evolution only depending upon the organisms used in such a chart.

In the ‘NOVA LABS; The Evolution Lab,’ we found that creating a phylogenetic tree can show how different species are related to each other. A simple body part, like a vertebrate, can put species into a certain group. This means that history can prove that species do change over time because one branch represents a single species that has had a speciation. When a speciation occurs, over time, more branches appear with more species on each, which creates a tree that has more biodiversity. In ‘The Stickleback Fish - A Story of Modern Evolution’ activity, it states, “The Three-Spined Stickleback is a model organism for studies in evolution.” This means actions, such as breeding Stickleback, can help scientists see how the fish and other organisms evolve because the Stickleback fish has such a short life-span, that they can breed and get results, fast. In brief, history can prove that species do change over time because breeding can show how the Stickleback population has occurred and how different traits can be expressed in the future generations. In the ‘Comparative Anatomy’ activity, we found that when looking at two different species, you can see how they are related because both species can possess similar traits and forms. When comparing different species, you can see how different and similar two species’ bodily structures are. When looking at the bodily structures, you could see how the species has evolved over time and how some body parts stay the same. In short, history can prove that species do change over time because creating phylogenetic trees, breeding species, and comparing body parts can help scientist see who the species evolved from and how these species can continue to

Darwinism is a theory of biological evolution; put simply, it means that all living things originated from one common ancestor and the strongest survive while the weak eventually die off. For years this theory has been scientifically proven. There is solid evidence that humans today have similar features to Neanderthals, who have similar features to monkeys and gorillas. Thus proving, that humans descended from a different organism. As for plants and animals, there is evidence that many animals and plants evolve from animals and plants that are already extinct. For example, reptiles, such as lizards, birds, and crocodiles are all descendants of dinosaurs. Also, this proves Darwin’s idea that the weak eventually die off. Animals and plants today still show traits of animals and plants that existed millions of years ago because that species died off in order for the new species that exists now to be created. It is a scientific cycle where we, as organisms, slowly become stronger species as time goes on. This being said, it does not make any logical sense that there is some greater being who makes everything happen, when it is clear that everything is scientific and has a logical

Tim Elam informed us about dinosaurs being similar worldwide, with evidence of fossils, because the land was one at that time. Through time and division of land they began to adapt and change slightly.

This article relates to evolution of species by there being multiple types of giraffes. Since the giraffes have lived in an area for such a long time, they have evolved. They have evolved into different species of giraffes. The scientists have collected 190 skin samples and some of them are different from each other. That meaning there are different types of giraffes. The different types of giraffes are referred to as subspecies.

Evolution, in its most basic form, is the theory that every plant and animal evolved from to their current diversity and form over billions of years. It was popularized by Charles Darwin in 1858 when he wrote a detailed explanation of Evolution in, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection ("Charles Darwin." April 6th). Since his book thousands of scientists have gone to work trying to prove his theory correct, and so it seems, they have succeeded. It has become normal for creationists to be disregarded and shamed, being deemed, “Illogical” by the now 58% of non-creationist Americans while the scientific holes in evolution remain unexplained.

In an Evolutionary map, students assume that the closer species are to each other the more similar they are to one another. From my understanding all the species would share a common ancestor, just that some might be closely related to one another. When genes are altered then a branch is added on.

All animals share a common ancestor. Animals evolved from this common ancestor. Each new species emerge and pass its features on to its descendants. Species evolve from simple organisms to complex organisms.Invertebrates to vertebrates, Invertebrates are organisms that don’t have bones. There are millions of species of Invertebrates today. While some invertebrates look alike, they are not closely related. Meanwhile, other organisms that don’t resemble each other, turned out to be close relatives. Examples of invertebrates in order of complexity are Porifera, Cnidarian, Echinoderm, Molluscs, Anthropods,

This first example that will be used are fossils. Fossils are evidence that of evolutionary change has occurred and how species gradually change over time. By looking at fossils, present species can be compared to old species just by having skeletal and other body features in common. Another piece of evidence would be Anatomical. Homologous structures suggest common derivation. As vertebrates have evolved, the same bones have sometimes been put to different uses. Yet the bones are still recognizable, their presence betraying their evolutionary past. For example humans, cats, bats, and horses all have Humerus, radius, and phalanges bones. They are different in form and function, but the structures are common in all. In addition to fossils and anatomical evolution another piece of evidence would be Convergent. Convergent evolution is when similar environments tend to favor changes that make to groups more alike, their phenotypes( or physical attributes) have converged. An example of convergent evolution would be convergence among fast swimming predators such as; sharks, dolphins, and tuna fish. Subsequently, the fast movement through water requires a streamlined body form which has evolved numerous times. The last piece of evidence that supports evolution are vestigial structures. Many animals possess vestigial structures that have no apparent

Lisa Haydon was born on 17th June, 1986 to a Malayali father and an Australian

With evolution being such a controversial topic among religious figures and scientist, it’s time to look at two common misconceptions of evolution causing this power struggle. First, evolution is not a theory of the origin of life. People have the misconception that evolution’s focus is to determine where life started, despite ideas and evidence on this, it is not the focus. Evolution’s focus is how species have evolved since the beginning, and the process of evolution since the beginning. Secondly, there is a misconception that religion and science are incompatible; meaning they are so opposed they cannot exist together. This is incorrect due to the fact that science and religion essentially deal with different realms. Before studying evolution

     Darwin’s Theories upset the church, one of the things that he proposed was that all living things may have descended from the same species. Today it is believed that life may have started as replicating molecules. Darwin introduced the idea that life is not just evolving but the earth is also changing. This went against creationism, the Bible says that god created the world and all the animals. It also separated man from the animals because god created man in

Evolution has been debated for many years. Most scientists assume evolution to be true, but it is not officially proven. Evolution is known as “fact and theory,” because it is a fact that organisms have changed over time, but the mechanism that changes those organisms is uncertain. One of the major debates regarding evolution is the belief in creationism. Creationists believe that the Universe and organisms on Earth were all created by a divine power. There are also some theories in which creationism and evolution coexist. One idea is that the divine being who created the world used evolution as a method. Another idea is that science and religion are actually the same thing and religion explains the unknown parts of science. For example, science says that the world couldn’t have been created in seven days, but one of God’s days may not be the same length