Hazards And Hazards Of Disaster Prevention

To reduce the hazards of the security of the children in the setting all staff needs to have an up to date DBS check and safeguarding training. Another form of hazards to the security of the children and young people in the setting is things like doors, all doors need to be locked with a key out of reach of the children so they can’t get out and people who don’t have reason to be in the setting can’t get in the setting can’t get in. The same with

Emergency Preparedness is known to be the discipline of dealing with and avoiding both natural and man-made disasters. It involves mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters and public health threats. Emergency preparedness requires a partnership among all levels of government (local, State, and Federal) and the private sector (business and industry, voluntary organizations, and the public). Successful preparedness requires detailed planning and cooperation among each sector1. Emergency preparedness ranges from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) developing a plan to mitigate natural disasters to the individual ensuring their car has plenty of fuel for a possible evacuation.

Critical incidents require immediate action (Levinson & Granot, 2002). Additionally, they also require ongoing support in order to ensure that they are correctly managed and the long-term effects are mitigated (Schneid & Collins, 2001). Addressed here are four specific events - earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and tornados. There are ways to mitigate the damage of these events, and there are also ways to try to prepare for them. Additionally, the type of response to these events is important as is the recovery from them. For earthquakes, mitigation is limited. It is possible to build houses and buildings stronger and more able to withstand shaking, and in earthquake-prone areas the cabinets often have latches and large appliances are strapped to the wall (U.S., 2007). People who live there should also have emergency supplies of food and water, and should be prepared for an earthquake by knowing information about evacuation routes (U.S., 2007). The response to earthquakes and the recovery from them are usually strong, because the areas that are most prone are also most prepared. When an earthquake hits in an unusual area, however, it can take much longer to help people and to rebuild the infrastructure.

Disasters are bound to strike at a given time and they more often find us unaware, this is the sole reason why the majority of the disasters that happen are usually fatal and destructive. This then calls for the need to try as much as possible to prevent these disasters and in particular in our cities. This is due to the fact that in the cities there are large populations that live close to each other or work in offices crammed together hence the likelihood of a disaster turning absolutely fatal if and when it strikes. However, due to the inevitable nature of these disasters, it is upon us to make adequate preparations that can enable us to minimize the effects of the natural disasters as much as possible when and if they happen.

When an 9.0 magnitude earthquake rocked Japan on March 11th, 2011, it was the first of a series of horrific events that Japan would be forced to endure. Many homes, families, properties, and belongings were lost on that day. And when the tsunami rolled over the island, many believed that it was over for them. Not only had people’s lives been put in disarray and desolation, but there had not even been simple necessities available. Food. Water. Communications. And electricity. When the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant had been hit by the earthquake and tsunami, the reactors were shut down and so was the electricity. Over the course of months the reactors suffered, extreme heat, fires, hydrogen explosions, and radiation exposures. At the time,

Demetriou, Danielle. "Japan Earthquake, Tsunami and Fukushima Nuclear Disaster: 2011 Review." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 19 Dec. 2011. Web. 03 May

The 2011 Japan earthquake could not have been prevented, since natural disasters cannot be avoided, nor predicted; however, several steps could have been taken to reduce the number of buildings damaged. The Japanese government possesses good communication with their people (hence the issued tsunami warning), so the loss of life could not have been avoided. Despite strong communication with the public, the Japanese government could implement building regulations to withstand severe earthquakes and issue an “early warning” messaging system because sometimes, seconds make a difference. Today, the Japanese government is actively working to reduce the amount of nuclear power plants to avoid future complications with radioactivity and public health.

Natural Hazards and the Interaction of Physical and Human Processes The earth has been producing hazards for millennia these include earthquakes and volcanoes caused by the movement of tectonic plates, and also wind and water elated disasters such as tornadoes and tsunamis,

Another human factor is the earthquake mitigation through education and community awareness. Schemes such as the one in Sichuan, China helped to save thousands of lives. The weekly intervals of training in case of an earthquake, educated children and adults of what to do when the quake struck. Evacuation schemes such as the window slides or hiding under tables was reported to have saved thousands when the magnitude 8.0 hit the area in 2008. However, some were not saved due to their unwillingness to move and evacuate the area. Some people of the village, notably the poorer and elderly refused to leave as they didn’t want to leave all they owned behind.

On Friday March 11th 2011 at 2:46 pm, Japan’s Eastern coast was hit with an earthquake of a 9.0 magnitude. Following the quake, an 18 foot tsunami was triggered causing the pre existing damage to be even more sever. The tsunami caused the AC power to disable in 3 of the plants, which kept the cooling system from working. As a result, hydrogen in the exploded in the fuel rods which stated the release of the large amounts of radioactive material into the surrounding area.The quake and tsunami alone caused 15,893 people to lose their lives. Not only did this devastate the country when it happened, but the disaster is still affecting not only Japan, but surrounding areas, such as the Pacific ocean and parts of the U.S.

Early in the morning of December 26, 2004, an earthquake rocked the floor of the Indian Ocean. The 9.1-9.3 magnitude earthquake subsequently caused a series of catastrophic tsunamis to hit the coasts of Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and South Africa. The destruction was devastating, causing just under $10 billion in damage and an estimated $7 billion more in humanitarian aid. Although so much aid was sent to the affected areas, ten years later some of the areas are still suffering from the devastation. Looking back, the main cause of the devastation was the lack of warning systems in place. Although some places like Indonesia may not have had time to evacuate, many other affected areas had plenty of time but were completely uninformed, being taken by surprise. Following the tsunami the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System was created and put into place. A lot can be learned from the lack of warning and preparedness from this disaster in order to better prepare for the future (History.com, Rodgers).

On March 11, 2011, an earthquake large enough to cause the earth axis to shift by several inches (p. 3) sent a massive tsunami rushing towards a forested stretch of the Japanese coast south of Sendai where the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power reactors stood vulnerable (p. 4). Over the ensuing weeks, the world watched in horror as a natural disaster transformed into a man-made catastrophe: fail-safes failed, cooling systems shut down, nuclear rods melted, communications broke down, hazardous radioactive exposures and contamination occurred, and masses of people were displaced. Safety of nuclear power plants is a very important topic that has significant local and global implication for environmental health. This book was chosen to help

Natural Disasters have an enormously devastating effect on the world and the population. Hurricanes flood houses, rip proper-ties apart, and devastate families. Tornadoes have drastic wind speeds, these winds are so strong they can lift heavy ob-jects and cause them to soar towards structures and injure ci-vilians. Volcanoes are one of the most beautiful marvels cre-ated by nature; however, they are extremely catastrophic, they cause global warming and completely conceal houses in ash and lava. Earthquakes are the movement of tectonic plates, which release their energy into the Earth’s crust; this causes shak-ing, which can pummel houses to the ground and kill or wound helpless people.

“The combined total of confirmed deaths and missing is more than 22,000.” These were the horrific words read by millions by the time March 11, 2011 had passed. The devastation started with a 9.0 magnitude earthquake which not only killed and injured at least 500 people, it triggered a tsunami which swept across the coastal plains of Japan. These waves knocked the Fukushima Daiichi’s power out, causing the core to overheat and explode which let out harmful radiation into the air, “contaminating a wide area that still forces nearly 100,000 thousand residents to live as evacuees.”

In the wake of the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and resulting tsunami, over 4000 scientists, government officials, NGOs and UN representatives met in Kobe, Japan to address one of the most important tests the world has to face: disaster risk reduction (DRR). The product of the conference was the 10 year Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015. Endorsed by 168 countries, the document promotes 3 main aims: the integration of DRR into viable development policies and planning, building resilience to hazards and incorporating risk reduction methodologies into the implementation of emergency preparedness, response and recovery programmes (GNDR, 2014). In order to achieve these goals, the framework states 5 priorities of action: