Health Care For The General Population

You have chosen very reasonable problems that are directly related to your PICOT question. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that can have tremendous influence on the patient’s lifestyle, daily activity, and independence. Simple acts such as coughing, twisting, and lifting can cause fractures. While APRN, collaborating physician, clinical pharmacist, radiologist, and laboratory services are appropriate team members for management of osteoporosis the patient’s frailty needs special attention. The APRN might be the first health care provider who patient will interact but I think geriatric specialist is the most appropriate expert to lead the team for determination of treatment plan in postmenopausal osteoporotic female with other co-morbidities.

Older adults with low bone density are at significant risk of getting Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is known as a systemic skeletal disease with the characteristics of low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissues [1]. Osteoporosis is usually diagnosed by testing an individual bone mass density. A score of -1.0 or above is the normal state an individual wants to get as a result after he or she takes the DXA-test (an instrument used to measure bone density). Anything below -1.0 and -2.5 means the individual has low bone density and should do something about it. Osteoporosis increases a person chances of bone fracture due to bone fragility. Bone mass density decreases as people age making osteoporosis more prevalent among older individuals [2]. In the US, there are more than 2 million fractures occurs annually as a result of osteoporosis, including 550,000 vertebral fractures and 300,000 hip fractures [3, 4]. Hospitalization, long-term care, impaired quality of life, disability and death are usually the events that occur after Osteoporotic fractures in older adults [5]. Osteoporosis is a viral disease that takes freedom away from older adults. It puts fear in older adult’s everyday life, which then leads to them not living their lives to the fullest like they would like to because they are afraid of breaking a bone or two which would lead to expensive medical bills. This limits the activities they can participate in or just makes them antisocial because if they aren’t going outside to “play”, they’ll be alone inside their room which could lead to depression and a very

Osteoporosis is a disease of bone that leads to an increased risk of fracture. In osteoporosis the bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced, bone microarchitecture is disrupted, and the amount and variety of non-collagenous proteins in bone is altered. Osteoporosis is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in women as a bone mineral density 2.5 standard deviations below peak bone mass (20-year-old healthy female average) as measured by DXA; the term "established osteoporosis" includes the presence of a fragility fracture.[1] Osteoporosis is most common in women after menopause, when it is called postmenopausal osteoporosis, but may also develop in men, and may occur in anyone in the presence of particular hormonal

Osteoporosis is a disease in the bones that usually start for women after menopause. Osteoporosis is a disorder in the skeletal that is characterized by low bone density and the deterioration of bony tissue. According to the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published in 2009 states that osteoporosis happens when bone density has been reduced. Osteoporosis lies on fractures that occur in our lives and the most common fractures associated with osteoporosis occur in our distal forearms, hip bones, wrists and most importantly it occurs in the vertebrae discs, which result in a major health problem. According to the Postgraduate Medical Journal published in 2003 it states that the deterioration of bony tissue results in an increase in fracture risk. It also states that by the age 85, white women have a 3% annual incidence of hip

The world is rapidly growing, with billions of people present on this planet. Aging in human life is one of the inevitable things. As we grow older there are physical, psychological and social changes that accompany it. There are various diseases that affect these changes; they are osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes, alzheimer’s disease and hypertension. This paper is going to focus on osteoporosis a disease that can initially weaken the human body without any indications. Osteoporosis according to WHO is a skeletal disease that is characterized by low bone mass and bone tissue deterioration, which results in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture (Walker, 2010). Although this disease was thought to have

Osteoporosis is translated from the Greek and literally means “porous bone “ .It is the most common chronic, metabolic bone disease in the U.S.A, resulting in osteopenia and fractures in spine , hip and wrist. In addition osteoporosis is progressive, and the skeletal fragility often leads to disabling fractures (hip fractures) and even death. Primary osteoporosis is a result of aging, whereas secondary osteoporosis occurs at any age, is a consequence to certain medication as well as diseases.

One prevalent health concern that women deal with during the last phases of life is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease that can affect both men and women. It is where the “bones have lost density or mass and the structure of [the] bone tissue has become abnormal; as [bones] become less dense, they become weaker and more likely to break” (National Osteoporosis Foundation, n.d.). The word osteoporosis can literally be translated to porous bone which means that there are abnormally large holes in the structure of the bone tissue. It can affect any bone in the body and can be caused by nutritional deficiencies, mainly with calcium and vitamin D, low estrogen levels pre- and post-menopause, and other behavioral

It is believed that low Vitamin D levels cause hip fractures, but there is limited information available on vitamin D levels in US women admitted with acute hip fractures. Research was done to determine whether postmenopausal women with hip fractures have low Vitamin D and high parathyroid levels compared with non-osteoporotic and osteoporotic women admitted for elective joint replacement.

Calcium or vitamin D deficiency can lead to weakened bones. Many parts of your body need calcium to function such as

Within America, osteoporosis presently affects approximately 10 million people and is responsible for more than 1.5 million fractures annually (Societal Burden of Osteoporosis). About 54 million Americans have osteoporosis and low bone mass which makes them at high risk for the disease (NOF). This disease holds a substantial financial burden with annual direct cost ranging from 17 to 20 billion dollars. Because of the consistent growth in age among the population, the prevalence and number of osteoporosis fractures will continue to increase (SBO). Worldwide, osteoporosis has an estimated total of affecting 200 million women, one-tenth of women aged 60, one-fifth of women aged 70, two-fifths of women aged 80, and two-thirds of women aged 90. Across the areas of Europe, United States,

I have enjoyed reading your post, Sarah. I found your comments on osteoporosis informative and educational. As you have stated, osteoporosis can lead to bone fracture. This condition is common among older women. However, it can affect both genders as people age. Osteoporosis may also be linked other diseases and cancers. Osteoporosis may be silent. The individual may not know that he or she have it until they experience a fracture. Prevention is the best way to reduce the risk of developing Osteoporosis. Calcium is very important to healthy bones. Vitamin d intake is essential for calcium absorption. Therefore, adequate calcium and vitamin d intake are essential for healthy bones. Exercise is also important for bone health. It is important

The human body undergoes many processes as it winds down from birth to death. One of these is that the risk of fracture grows as people age. Three-quarters of American postmenopausal women do not have sufficient vitamin D, and half of postmenopausal women suffer from an osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporosis accounts for 300,000 hip fractures annually. Currently a nutrition controversy exists as to whether calcium and vitamin D supplements decreases fractures in postmenopausal women. Calcium is vital for bone growth. Children hear the phrase, “drink your milk” over and over while their bones are developing. However, as bones wear down, will increasing the amount of calcium help prevent fractures? Vitamin D increases the absorption of calcium into

2013). If you don’t get enough vitamin D it can lead to Osteoporosis a bone disease which leaves the sufferer prone to fractures. Vitamin D can be found in natural sunlight fortified spreads and cereals and oily fish.

Estrogen is involved in the calcium absorption in bones. The decrease estrogen levels results in decreased calcium absorption and can lead to osteoporosis, which can lead to bone fractures. Calcium and Vitamin D supplements can be taken to help reduce the risk of osteoporosis. (34 Menopause Symptoms, 2015)

The causes of osteoporosis is a lack of certain hormones, particularly estrogen in women and androgen in men. “Also inadequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, lack of weight-bearing exercise, and other age-related changes in endocrine functions (in addition to lack of estrogen)” (Driver & Stöppler). Ways to prevent osteoporosis is to “Eat a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D and high in fruits and vegetables. Also, engage in weight-bearing physical exercise and adopt a healthy lifestyle with no smoking or excessive alcohol intake” (Driver & Stöppler). Also a diet rich in phosphorus and