Health Cases throughout the World

Polio an American story is a scholarly readable and informative book which covers the lives of many American eminent scientists who struggled a lot to eradicate polio. This book mainly focuses on the mid twentieth century where the people are very eager to find a vaccine to eradicate polio .This book also covers the entire topics from appearance of polio symptoms to post polio syndrome which shows the valuable thesis done by David M. Oshinsky.

With the last outbreak of Polio in the US being in 1979, many today have no recollection of the terror of this disease. The disease primarily infected children, and there seemed to be no pattern to who succumbed to it. No one could feel safe. Polio as a disease presents such horrors that even those who overcome it once can be plagued by its aftereffects in later life. Before vaccines, single outbreaks could devastate entire communities. One outbreak

In the late 1950s, several groups of researches and scientists were developing some vaccines against polio. At that time, polio was still an epidemic worldwide disease. One of these vaccines, made by Dr. Hilary Koprowski MD (1916-2013) was used to test it on millions of people in Africa, after first being trailed in the USA. The vaccine virus was grown in tissue cultures taken from macaque monkeys before being introduced to millions of people , who were largely living in Burundi, Rwanda, and Congo (now, the Democratic Republic of the Congo) from 1957 to 1960.

The objective of the core public health is to educate, and prevent disease within communities. In this particular case, the public health nurses can use an inoculation program to prevent the new strain of influenza. The syndromic surveillance system is public health data would use to determine the need for this program. The syndromic surveillance system is a computer system that is used to control all information sources that concerns public health, and early detection of the infectious CDC) disease (McGonigle, 2014, Pg.302). The Public health data can be found at the center for disease control In order for this program to be successful, we need to collect data from ambulance log sheets, school or work absenteeism, prescriptions filled, retail

Poliomyelitis, also commonly known as polio, is a viral infection that, at one point was virtually eradicated in the US (SOURCE). The last major epidemic of polio was in the early 1950's (SOURCE). Polio was characterized in one of three ways: nonparalytic

According to History of Polio Vaccine written by Anda Baicus the polio epidemic, in the United States, started in the summer of 1916, and by the 1950s the lives of many Americans had been effected. The polio virus mostly affected the lives of children and infants, making it even more disheartening. The disease was spread by contaminated water and when people are in contact with feces. Polio was spread through family members, friends, school mates, and even total strangers, making the epidemic even worse (Baicus). Polio was a disease that nobody wanted to come in contact

Epidemics have initial devastating consequences; however, what about the patients that survive? According to Robin Howard in Poliomyelitis and the Postpolio Syndrome (2005), the World Health Organization (WHO) discussed a significant drop in polio cases between 1988 and 2003 due to increased immunizations. WHO identified that although there was a drop from 350,000 to 900 cases worldwide, polio is still considered an epidemic in six third world countries. While its important to understand polio and its initial symptoms its equally important to understand that polio survivors may develop significant symptoms decades later; this classified as PPS. Suffers are more likely to have surgical procedures related to their age as a result of deterioration.

Parents chose not to vaccinate their children because of the many risks that vaccinations entail, such as, seizures, paralysis, and death. Some of these risks and side effects are caused by injecting questionable vaccine ingredients that some children 's immune systems cannot handle. However the benefits of being vaccinated are much greater than the questionable risks. Vaccines prevent children from contracting life threatening diseases like Diphtheria, Measles, Smallpox, and infamously Polio. But because of this great outcome, many do not know the severity of these preventable diseases due to the enormous favorable outcome of immunizations, and therefore their children are not vaccinated. This is a very big threat to their children’s health because vaccines play a big role in preventing diseases. But all of these life threatening diseases are not forgotten by their victims, especially polio.

“On Saturday, June 17, 1916, an official announcement of the existence of an epidemic polio infection was made in Brooklyn, New York. That year, there were over 27,000 cases and more than 6,000 deaths due to polio in the United States.”(Schneider). Before the polio vaccine was developed in 1955 by Dr. Salk, polio was the United States most feared disease. But thanks to doctors like Dr. Salk, doctors have developed a vaccination for other diseases, not just polio, which helped eradicate and eliminate many diseases that have killed millions in the past. Today, many American parents refuse to vaccinate their children due to a variety of unfounded fears. Vaccinations should be mandatory, unless a person has a medical condition that says otherwise. These vaccinations are vital to the control and eradication of deadly infectious diseases and it can save children’s lives, it is safe and effective, protects other people, saves money, and ensures healthy future generations.

Polio or poliomyelitis is a viral infection that normally affects kids below the age of 5years old. This childhood killer disease has been around for my centuries. Polio was first discovered my Jacob Heine in 1840 and later identified by Karl Landsteiner as poliomyelitis caused by polio virus from the enteric family of viruses. The polio virus is acquired through oral-fecal transmission. The Latin name simply means grey matter, and it is meaning inflation. There is a more serious form that can spread to the brain called polio encephalitis. The world over have cerebrated for the almost eradication of polio through improved sanitation, advancement in access to clean drinking water and aggressive vaccination campaign. There are challenges in recent years because the polio virus has re-emerged in places like Syria, Cameroun, Pakistan and Nigeria among others. In a CNN cable television report the cases of polio in Syria in particular is alarming, there are 100s of new polio cases due to failure of the health system because of a raging civil, sectarian war. The case of Pakistan and Nigeria are of religious extremism where they belief the vaccines are causing harm to their children. These are challenges faced with the eradication of this deadly childhood disease to name a few. The problem is not limited to only these countries, even in the United States of America are some Christian extremist who belief this vaccines makes their children sick. The world health organization (WHO),

In February 2013 nine female polio vaccination workers in Nigeria were killed. This tragic incident sheds some light on resistance to vaccinations. Ten years ago Nigerian religious leaders told citizens that vaccines were unsafe, that they caused sterility. Polio is close to becoming the second disease successfully eliminated due to vaccines. Less than 250 cases of Polio were reported last year worldwide. Polio can only be eliminated if Nigeria stops resisting and if South Asia does the same ("The Dangers of Vaccine Defiance [analysis]."). Polio is still a problem in Nigeria, even though it’s not in America. Given the amount of international travel and immigration, to not vaccinate is to risk the chance of young children getting a deadly disease. (Offit) Polio causes permanent paralysis in one in every 200 cases and death in a tenth of those cases. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) claims that 10 million children have been saved from paralysis due to vaccination. Vaccinations save 10 million lives every year. Many

In 1988, at the Forty First World Health Assembly, the GPEI (Global Polio Eradication Initiative) was launched. It was led by national governments, WHO (Wold Health Organisation), Rotary International, UNICEF and many others. Since the launching of the GPEI, there has been a decrease in the number of polio cases by 99%. Only two countries still are facing polio. They are Pakistan and Afghanistan and every year the number of cases in both decreases.

“A 1916 Polio epidemic in the United States killed 6,000 people and paralyzed 27,000 more” (“Polio Vaccine”). This lead to the creation of the polio vaccine that has helped to prevent polio for a very long time. The IPV and OPV vaccines played a huge role in all of this. Jonas Salk, who created the IPV vaccine and Albert Sabin, who created the OPV vaccine saved millions of people all around the world from polio (Petersen, Jennifer B). The IPV and OPV polio vaccine helped eliminate polio from the United States and helped prevent polio in other parts of the world (“Polio Vaccine”).

The possibility of the eradication of polio worldwide is an imminent and exciting prospect as the "goal" year quickly approaches. In 1988, the World Health Assembly, which governs the World Health Organization, set the goal of eliminating polio from the world by the year 2010. Many organizations have joined the effort along with the World Health Organization: the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, UNICEF, Rotary International, Global Health Network, the US Agency for International Development, National Immunization Day, and the International Broadcasting Bureau. Together, these "worldwide polio partners" have implemented a strategy to completely rid the world of this disease. It is a difficult

The world is not resting on its oars and efforts mainly in the form polio eradication campaigns and conferences. One of such conferences held in the Nigerian capital, Abuja where stock taking of Nigeria`s polio situation (and by extension polio situation worldwide since Nigeria is one of last places polio is yet to eradicated) (BBC Focus on Africa programme, April 28,2014). That conference informed participant and the whole world of the progress the country was making. It emerged that Nigeria recorded only two cases in the last year which was an improvement on early figures.