Health Promotion Model

The World Health Organisation (WHO) Ottawa Charter defined health promotion as “the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, an individual or group must be able to

The concept of health promotion has emerged with the increasing realisation in society that our health is one of our most valuable personal assets, as well as an asset for society (Crafter, 1997). The Health Promotion Agency (2008) describes health promotion as a process enabling people to

Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health and wellbeing (Maggie & Scaffa, 2013). It has three key strategies including advocate, enable, and mediate (Tucker, Vanderloo, Irwin, Mandich & Bossers, 2014). Health promotion is through these three strategies that aim to achieve the five actions of the Ottawa Charter which include build healthy public policy; create supportive environments; strength community action; develop personal skills; and reorient health services (Tucker, Vanderloo, Irwin, Mandich & Bossers, 2014). In addition, the values of the health promotion include empowerment; equity and social justice; health as a human right; health as a holistic concept; and respect for cultural diversity (Tucker, Vanderloo, Irwin, Mandich & Bossers, 2014). There are a wide ranges of specific interventions, such as back education program for school children to improve back posture,

Discuss the effectiveness of a range of health promotion strategies in relation to young people (6 marks)

The roots of the tree suggest the requirement of understanding the conditions that conclude health and ill health; biological inheritance, physical environment, cultural, social, political and economic circumstances. The understanding of who, when and where is affected enables possible interventions to be identified. The trunk of the tree illustrates the importance of organisational commitment to improving health. Lastly, the branches describe key areas for health promotion activity and those elements of the setting that contribute to health. Health promotion works by the belief system. The belief system is when an individual is experiencing change in their health. The belief system is made up of many positive factors such as; health, aesthetic gain, benefits to family, pariah status and financial gain. This belief system can be used in many health issues such as overcoming obesity. There are many positives for overcoming obesity which are; reducing the chance of getting illnesses/diseases, heart disease, infertility, type 2 diabetes, some cancers and strokes. The aesthetic gain It would be that people would lose weight more and then would look/be thinner. Benefits to family The benefits to the family would be that by them being healthier the rest of the family may be influenced to start being healthy to avoid the risk of developing any illness/disease.

WHO’s definition of a ‘setting’ in the context of Health Promotion is ‘the place or social context in which people engage in daily activities in which environmental, organisational and personal factors interact to affect health and wellbeing’ (WHO, 1998). The core concept of the approach is dictated in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, 1986. It involves initiating and maintaining a ‘supportive environment for health’ (WHO, 1986) and supports broader efforts of health promotion interventions, incorporating multiple determinants of health at a time. The SBA to HP values public participation, supportive social networks, empowerment, community, and health awareness. This approach aims to achieve positive health outcomes by embedding a health promoting concept into the organisational structure of a central setting such as a school, workplace or prison. It acknowledges a key connection between environment and wellbeing and works to achieve a more sustainable and long-term

There are also general socio-economic, cultural, and environmental conditions to be considered when taking a holistic approach to health promotion, since having only

Definition of Health Promotion is increasing awareness, indentifying alternatives and influencing attitudes of the people, so that they can make an informed decision and change their behaviors to achieve an optimal level of mental, physical and social health. Health promotion is also defined as the process of empowering people to improve and take control of their health to optimize the quality of their lives. Ennis et al (2006) has explained health promotion as emotional, cognitive and behavioral endeavor to promote well being and health of the people. Davis (1995) expresses a deeper perspective in which preventive health science, social environment,

An education program is essential if a patient or caregiver is going to be successful in managing asthma symptoms. A one on one patient education program should be developed. First, the educations should focus on the basic facts about asthma which includes; defining well controlled asthma, purpose of medications, and appropriate use of inhaler devices.

The World health Organisation says Health promotion is a method using an assortment of social and environmental interventions to support individuals in managing and improving their own health. (WHO, 2016).

Health promotion is a process, which encourages individuals to increase their knowledge through information and individual choice to recognize and improve their health (WHO, 1986).

External factors can be recognised as interventions from surrounding environments such as government, school or law. All of these environments provide a wide range of information about health that is available through specific sources and intend to improve the health of people. Although the level of provided information is extensive that does not always mean they are fully competent. There are a few positive interventions made by schools that focus on educating children on the subject of health. One of these interventions is providing physical education in schools, which is needed in present times as children are overwhelmed by electronic devices. It stimulates them to being active and gives an opportunity to take part in a wide range of sporting activities (Y158, cited in L185 Block 3 Session 3, p.13). Another intervention refers to a healthy diet, more specifically to meals that are provided in schools. There is a high involvement of media that comments on what kind of food is served by school kitchens. Parents as well as a society expect that schools offer balanced nutrition and encourage children to take a healthy approach to their diet (Y158, cited in L185 Block 3 Session 3, p.14). One more intervention is educating children about health, which is included in their lessons. Information given during the lessons is focusing on having a greater understanding and knowledge of health matters (Y158, cited in L185 Block 3 Session 3, p.13).

Health promotion concept has been used for many decades to enable people have proper control over their health status. Health promotion is the process of enabling individuals to have and increase control of their health to improve their livelihood. In general, health promotion concept revolves around various activities mostly aimed at decreasing the threats and dangers to health. The activities referred herein include various interventions that facilitate health promotion. The interventions include primary, secondary and tertiary levels of preventions.

Health promotion is needed to keep people healthy and prevent chronic illness. People need to be empowered to take control by choosing healthy lifestyle behaviors. Interventions to promote health should be priority rather than treating an illness when it presents. Chronic conditions can be costly yet by targeting modifiable risk factors most can be prevented. While lessening the severity of the illness is valuable, prevention is key. Establishing of primary preventative services accessible to all is a necessary component to health promotion. Promoting healthy behaviors should be aimed at both individuals and their communities.

Health promotion promotes the right behaviours which should be carried out by people to ensure that they are leading themselves into good health. It encourages people to change the way which they behave, to give up any habits which are affecting their health, it makes them look at it from a different perspective. This negative and undesirable behaviour is changed to new behaviours which result in the person having a