Health Risk Assessment Of Malathion Use Malathion

What has been brought to light in recent years is the effects of these chemicals on the body’s immune response. By introducing these toxic chemicals into the body, the potency of the immune system is compromised. More commonly than not, the body’s magnificent defense system will kick in and destroy foreign invaders but all it can take is an overwhelming amount of chemicals to slow or even shut down the body’s response systems. A large amount of these types of chemicals introduced into the body at one time would be considered acute toxicity and could even cause death. Additionally, a small amount of these poisonous substances brought into the body over a long period would be considered chronic toxicity and can have detrimental effects on the body’s natural response (Hoernschemeyer 55-57). This information is startling enough to want to make a change from conventionally grown food to pesticide-free organic

Although I feel that malathion, when correctly regulated, is perfectly safe for humans, I do not feel that it’s worth the impact it will have on the environment. Being highly toxic to important insects and fish will negatively affect the surrounding ecosystem. Once we began to deplete that, then there definitely won’t be any mosquitos left to worry

The LC50 of insecticides rotenone and pirimicarb were compared by testing blowfly, blowfly larva, woodlice and daphnia. Rotenone is a NADH dehydrogenase inhibitor causing death by oxidative stress however pirimicarb causes toxicity through acetylcholinesterase inhibition. It was found that rotenone had large toxic effects on daphnia, blowflies and woodlice but not maggots and pirimicarb had low toxic effects on all of the organisms tested. Due to the low percentage death caused by pirimicarb a LC50, however in rotenone a LC50 was performed for daphnia, woodlice and blowfly the LC50 for each organism was compared concluding

Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides (NCAP) (Winter 1992). Malathion Insecticide Factsheet. Journal of Pesticide Reform 12(4). Retrieved May 4, 2008, from

Although there have been improvements in the safety of fungicides, many still contain potentially dangerous compounds. Although commercial mercury has been replaced in fungicides, "the possibility of exposure to environmental sources of organic methylmercury still exists," which can negatively impact upon human health, such as when fish that have accumulated the toxin within their body are consumed (Hasan 2010: 358). Because fungicides are often used in combinations with other chemicals, the toxicity of the fungicide may be unexpectedly high (Hasan 2010: 358). For example, "recommended field application rates of Propiconazole are considered too low to kill a substantial number of bees, but when mixed with

The use of pesticides is an important decision that thousands of communities face each year. Nobody likes dealing with mosquitos and the diseases they bring so using chemicals and pesticides is an option but with other consequences. Mosquitos carry West Nile Virus that affects the city of Genericville every year with 50 cases projected this year in the city and two fatalities as well. On the other hand, the chemicals proposed for controlling the mosquito population has its own risks. The pesticide Malathion is also dangerous to people if they come in contact with it before it degrades. The potential for citizens of the city being exposed is almost a certainty

In the early 1940’s, a new technology emerged that was able to successfully combat crop-damaging and disease-carrying insects. A new age of synthetic chemical pesticides use arose. After their impressive success in fighting deadly insect-borne diseases during World War II, pesticides were used widely to combat insect pests for agriculture and public health. Few people challenged the benefits of the new scientific and technological products and many embraced pesticide use with enthusiasm. Despite its success, doubts about pesticide use began to appear a decade later in the 1950’s, when the government began a vigorous pesticide campaign across the country against insect pests. Scientists began reporting heavy losses of avian and

The banning of insecticide, a major pollutant and neurotoxin, has been up for debate for a significant period of time. However,

Carson clarifies that “the sprays, dust, and aerosols are now applied almost universally to farms, gardens, forests, and homes-nonselective chemicals that have the power to kill every insect, the “good” and the “bad”.” In contemporary world today many people use these mankind chemicals without understanding the effects of nature. For example, the reproduction of bees are dropping traumatically because of the pesticides effects on the insects. According to CNN “How Pesticides are killing the bees “Recent data published in science, Nature and other un journals show that bees are dying from some pesticides that are found in our food supply.” The damaged the chemicals are doing to the bees have worries many scientists. The New York Times wrote, pesticide linked to honeybee deaths, “a group of pesticide believed to contribute to mass deaths of honeybees.” Another example of the harmful chemicals affecting the good insects are by destroying favorable insects such as lady bugs and butterflies, which are another great alternative way to pollinate flower. These beneficial insects are very important for human wellbeing; therefore, we should minimize the use of

This means there will be a check to see what health problems are caused bymalathion. We would check the toxicokinetics, to see how the body absorbs and processesmalathion and the toxicodynamics to focus on if there are any effects from the chemicals on thehuman body. This would be done by a dose-response assessment, to see what the healthproblems are at different amounts of exposure. Doing a exposure assessment we could see howmuch of the malathion people are exposed to for the months of June, July, and August. With thiswe can also see how many people will be exposed. Then checking the risk characterization to seewhat the risk is of the certain health problems to the exposed population.Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide it was first registered for use by the USDAin 1956. It is now regulated by the EPA. It is used to control a broad assortment or insects bothagriculturally and residentially. Malathion is registered for use on crops, food, and feed.Malathion is toxic via skin contact, inhalation and through ingestion. It works by overstimulating the nervous system and ending stimulation of the neurons. Malathion has a very loworal toxicity. With lower toxicity in males than

America the Beautiful! So why are we destroying it everyday with the use of pesticides? It has been proven that pesticides have affects on it's surrounding, although made to improve earths resources, they typically take there negative effect on the environment in time. Pesticides affect more than the environment; they also affect the animals and humans living in the environment. There are alternative, to this major problem but, we as the caretakers of earth must act fast. In the following paper I'm going to share with you what pesticides are. I'll tell you why they are not safe to use and some of the affects of pesticides. Last, I will talk about some new alternatives there are

One argument is on the company’s claim that DEET products are safe under “normal use.” While using the products under “normal use” do not present any health concerns to the general public, with a surge of fear over the Zika virus, advocates against DEET believe that people will invariably use more than the recommended dosages. In response to the recent concern, SC Johnson released a press statement to address the topic of DEET poisoning by saying that when applied correctly, and according to the label directions, the DEET spray OFF! could be “used with confidence” (SC Johnson2 p1). It is one of the few insect repellant products that can be applied directly onto the skin (R.E.D. Facts p3). However, the issue of what constitutes “normal use” is not clearly understood, or defined, especially during an outbreak. The effects of an excessive amount of DEET usage include blisters, rashes, and skin and membrane irritation (CDC p3). However, with the recent Zika epidemic, civilians are encouraged to use more protection when outdoors. For example, NBC News recently reported on the panic Zika has caused in Recife, a major Brazilian city. The health department workers in Recife sprayed the streets with DEET products in preparation for their largest festival, “Carnival” (Derenowski). The citizens of Recife were taking a tremendous risk by using such vast quantities of a product that should be used sparingly. This exemplifies what may happen if individuals heed the ambiguous message that “normal use” of DEET is harmless; the fact that more should be used outdoors caused a potentially harmful situation. This is why it is dangerous for SC Johnson to declare that a product is safe to use given that it can lead to detrimental effects to people’s

The RB Product I would improve is Mortein NaturGuard Fly & Mosquito Killer Aerosol. This Household insecticide is a pyrethroid based, which is a synthetic insecticide that chiefly functions as a neurotoxin. According to several online customer reviews this product had an overall poor average rating mainly due to its inefficiency which may possibly be a consequence of permethrin or allethrin resistance.

Spectracide is a common insecticide, its active ingredient is malathion. Malathion is an organophosphate that has been registered for use in the United States since 1956. In 2012, 1-3 million pounds of malathion were sold (EPA). Malathion functions by inhibiting the enzyme, acetylcholinesterase, by phosphorylation of the serine residue at the active site of the enzyme (EPA, 2016). This inhibition causes acetylcholine accumulation which leads to neurotoxicity in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system (EPA, 2016). Malathion has been previously shown to increase the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase with increased time of exposure (Krstic et. al. 2008).

The mode of action of organophosphorus insecticides, such as chlorpyrifos, is well known and has been characterized in mammals (Testai et al., 2010) and in aquatic organisms, particularly fish (Giesy et al., 1999). Chlorpyrifos inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in synaptic junctions of the nervous system, resulting, acetylcholine assemble in the synapse causes repeated and uncontrolled stimulation of the post-synaptic axon. Interruption of the nervous system that results is the secondary effect that results in the death of the animal. The amino acid sequence of acetylcholinesterase is highly conserved in animals, with the result that chlorpyrifos is toxic to most groups of animals, although differences in toxicokinetics (adsorption,