Hemodialysis Research Paper

During the transitioning process to the new hemodialysis unit, Ms. Conlon anticipated the challenges acquired by learning to set up and use new water equipment in an acute situation. In response to this, Ms. Conlon created and implemented a reverse osmosis flow sheet to assist her colleagues with the quick set-up of the portable RO in the ICU care setting. This tool resulted in a smoother transition for her colleagues, improvement in the delivery of care to the acute dialysis patient, and a decrease in the possibility of staffing overtime.

1. What specific part of the kidney does the dialysis tubing represent? What is the function of this part?

Haemostasis is a normal physiological process to stops bleeding and maintains blood in the fluid state.

My community assessment project focused on adults with chronic renal disease who are receiving peritoneal dialysis under the care of the Davita Dialysis Clinic located in Dothan, Alabama. This modality of artificial kidney replacement minimizes the disruption of the user’s daily life by allowing them to remove waste products from their bodies on daily basis during their ordinary sleeping hours. According the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it was estimated that as many as 10% of adults or more than 20 million people in the United States may be suffering from chronic kidney disease and in 2011 alone, 113,136 of these individuals began treatment for their end stage renal disease ("National chronic kidney disease fact sheet,

In dialysis, blood is circulated through an extracorporeal circuit for long periods of time. During this process the blood can begin to develop clot formations throughout the CVC, extracorporeal circuit, and the dialyzer itself; which causes multiple complications for the dialysis patient. In order to minimize or eliminate the

The other will allow the blood that is returning to back into the body. Treatments will last anywhere from 2 ½ to 4 ½ hours. Your blood pressure will be check regularly. Your machine will be adjusted to ensure that correct amounts are being removed from your body. You are allowed to relax, read, watch television, do work, or even sleep. The other type of dialysis is called peritoneal dialysis. This requires more work from the patient. The patient must maintain a clean surface on the abdomen in order to help prevent infection. The patient will again weigh themselves to determine the amount of fluid. Then the patient will wear a mask while cleaning the catheter site. Fluid allowed to stay in the peritoneal cavity is drained back into a plastic bag. The patient will then remove the bag and connect a new one. Once the fluid is in the body, the new bag will be rolled up and placed on the patient’s underwear until time for the next treatment. This type of dialysis is more work, more intense, and is required much more. It is done four to five times a day at about 30 minutes each time. There is alternative machine to this called a cycler. It is used every night. Five to six bags are used and the machine will automatically change fluid while the patient is sleeping. Dialysis can make things easier on the patient however it depends on how much help your kidneys need as to which treatment you will need.

The surgical procedure that I observed was the creation of an arteriovenous fistula. The purpose of an arteriovenous fistula is to make a connection between the native artery and vein in an extremity through surgery. The surgical procedure that I saw performed, which was done by a vascular surgeon, was an AV fistula on the upper right arm. These fistulas are used for hemodialysis and accessed/used for dialysis 2-5 times per week. Basically, the vascular surgeon creates this fistula so as to provide easier/more reliable access to the patient’s blood vessels. Fistulas provide vascular access for health care providers to be able to administer dialysis in a much faster and safer way. The AV fistula takes about 2-3 weeks to mature before it can be used for hemodialysis. The surgeon chose an arteriovenous fistula over an arteriovenous graft.

Seal the open end of the dialysis tubing by twisting it and then tying it with a cotton thread

End stage renal disease (ESRD) occurs when the kidneys lose its function to eliminate waste and excess water from the body (NLM, 2014). A total of 661,648 cases of ESRD was reported in 2013, of which 117,162 were new cases (United States Renal Data System, 2015). 88.2% of individuals of the newly reported cases with ESRD started renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis, 9% chose peritoneal dialysis, and 2.6% received a kidney transplant. Dialysis is recommended to remove excessive salt, water, and waste products from the body, when kidney function reaches 15% (NLM, 2014). Additionally, dialysis helps control blood pressure as well as aid the kidneys in producing red blood cells. Common complications of dialysis are: anemia, high blood pressure, myocardial infarction, heart failure, hyperkalemia, increased risk of infections, malnutrition, stroke, seizures, edema, and weakening of the bones.

Hemodialyis, also known as kidney dialysis. Hemodiaylsis is the most common way to treat advanced kidney failure. It helps to carry on with life even with you have failing kidneys. If you have a need for dialysis you are to follow a strict schedule, take medicines, and to follow a strict diet. The procedure can take place at home or in a dialysis center. You will either sit or recline in a chair while your blood flows through the dialyzer. A dialyzer is a filter that acts as your kidney to cleanse your

Research shows that dialysis patients who have problems with fluid management have an increase in hospitalizations, disease processes, and poor clinical outcomes.  Research has also proven that fluid is a strong predictor of mortality and morbidity.

Peritoneal Dialysis is a home-based renal therapy. Hence, many factors contributes to the outcome including: patient selection, psycho-social factors, eduction level, timely treatment of PD-related complications (6).

Before beginning dialysis for the first time a physician must create vascular access. Vascular access provides an entrance point for the machine to be connected to the body. There are several access points available including fistulas, grafting, and a temporary option. A fistula is when an artery is connected to a vein. A graft is connecting an artery and vein together using a soft plastic tube. A temporary access site can be created by placing a thin plastic tube into a large

The Urinary subsection is arranged anatomically by the subheadings of kidney, bladder, and the urethra. The difference between laparoscopy and endoscopy is that laparoscopy is a type of surgery that uses a thin, lighted tube put through a cut in the belly to look at the organs in the abdomen or the female pelvic organs. While endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure used to the examine a person's digestive tract using a endoscope. No you would not find dialysis codes in the urinary subsection you would find them in the Other Dialysis Procedures. They are located in a separate section because its a separate procedure.

Generally, the most common complications related to vascular access in HD are thrombosis, stenosis, infection, aneurysm, distal limb ischemia and congestive heart failure (Potisek, Ključevšek & Leskovar, 2017). Although AVF is most recommended for long-term dialysis, it also can be a potential source of morbidity. In 2016, Chapman, Nicdao and Kairaitis stated ESRF patients are already at significant risk of cardiovascular disease, besides low flow may lead to inadequate dialysis, high flow may result in heart failure in this population. In the critiqued article, a study was done by Ghonemy et al. (2016), it shows stenosis and infection were the two most common complications in haemodialysis patients, which occupied