This paper asks the question of why is Henry Gantt, a man who lived in the early 20th century still to this day considered a management pioneer. In order to address the question this paper gives an overview of Henry Gantt’s life and achievements then analyzes of his achievements and how they affected the field of management. Henry Gantt had a brilliant scientific approach to management which he used to further the field. The results of his work while not earth shattering are significant to the field of management thus making Henry Gantt a management pioneer.
Summary Henry Gantt was born to his parents Virgil Gantt and Mary Gantt in Calvery County Maryland on May 20th, 1861. From his humble upbringing Gantt jumped right into
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Gantt had many great life achievements and passed away in November of 1919.
Introduction
Henry Gantt was determined to make his mark on management. Gantt sought higher education by attending three institutions and obtaining a Masters in Engineering to set the stage for his achievements to come. This paper will look at if Henry Gantt was a management pioneer by analyzing some of his major achievements in his lifetime. The paper evaluate the Task and Bonus System, the Gantt chart, and Gantt’s writing in Work, Wages, and Profits, and Organizing for Work to see how these contributions to management make Henry Gantt a management pioneer.
Task and Bonus System Management style is a vital consideration when determining if an individual is a management pioneer. Early on in his career as a management consultant Henry Gantt developed the task and bonus system which he applied in his personal style of management. The task and bonus system is the concept of rewarding managers for how well they trained their employees to improve their performance (journal). The task and bonus system also includes rewarding lower level employees to go above and beyond their given tasks in order for them to gain more skills thus improving their human capital. In the textbook _____ chapter nine Human Resource and Talent Management, the text touches on ways to train and develop employees. Employee development is an important part of any organization because
One of founder fathers, George Washington, was born on February 22, 1732, in Westmoreland County, Va. As Augustine's second marriage to Mary Ball transpired, he became their first child, making him the eldest of their six children. Washington's family was able to prosper through farming and land speculation. During the tender age of 11, he lost his beloved father and was put in the care of his mother, Mar Ball Washington. Luckily, he later spent his days with his two elder brothers, which was in his case helped him avoid a life illiteracy. His older brother, Lawrence, was able to teach Washington trigonometry and surveying. Not only these particular subject, he helped him cultivate a taste for ethics, music, novels, and the theater. George Washingtons aspirations for military service may have came from his brother, Lawrence, who was ranking officer in the Virginia militia and also served with Admiral Edward Vernon. Without his brother influence, Washington may have not become the great military general he was.
This chapter introduces the literature works relating to training and development and how it has an impact on employee’s performance. It gives detailed explanation and clear idea on previous works by researchers in organizational politics to help in understanding the background information on which this research is based on. The chapter describes the concepts of training and development and the effects on employee performance and the gap in literature.
Within todays ever-changing working society, training and development is a key part within any organisation. Employees are the main capital within organisations which suggests
This paper analyzes five great management theorists: F. W. Taylor, Max Weber, Mary Parker Follett, and Douglas McGregor. Each theorist will be compared by four management functions: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling as detailed in the textbook: The Essentials of Contemporary Management-Sixth Edition from Gareth Jones and Jennifer M. George. We begin by discussing commerce prior the industrial revolution and then we define the key management functions, followed by an examination of each theorist, applying a template of analysis and critique.
Management is a very complex field. Not only must managers pay attention to what is best for the organization, but they also have to do what is best for their customers. At the same time, the manager must satisfy the need of their employees. Henri Fayol developed fourteen principles of management in 1916 that organisations are recommended to apply to order to run properly. This paper will show how some of Fayols
While scientific development emphasised principles to improve worker effectiveness, another branch within the classical school arose, administrative management, with its main contributor being French industrialist Henri Fayol. He is regarded as the father of administrative management as he proposed fourteen principles of management intended to assist managers in determining what to do to manage an organisation more effectively (Rodrigues, 2001). Fayol’s ideas are still valid in today’s organisations and his definitions of management are widely used in this field of study. In his book General and Industrial Management, published in 1916, he defined management as “to manage is to forecast and plan, to organise, to command, to coordinate and to control” (Fayol, 1916). This definition yielded the now known functions of management. Fayol’s approach to management has several similarities with Taylor’s scientific management theory. Included in Fayol’s fourteen principles is the division of work, which outlined the need for workers to specialise in specific jobs (Rodrigues, 2001). This idea of work specialisation has been derived from Taylor’s principles of scientific management. Furthermore, the empowerment of managers, proper training of employees and the use of a reasonable rewards system were principles that originated
There are many Management Theorists who have devised ways in which a business can achieve success efficiently. The two management theorists that I am going to talk about are Fredrick Winslow Taylor and Max Weber, and I will also compare and contrast their contributions to the field of management. There are 4 main classical theories in management which are: 1. Scientific Management 2. Bureaucracy 3. Administrative Management 4. Human Relations. The two that I will be focusing on for this assignment are Scientific Management and Bureaucracy. Frederick Taylor (March 20th, 1856-March 21st, 1915) was an American Engineer. He sought to improve industrial efficiency in the workplace. The birth of Scientific Method is attributed to Taylor and his main
Most organizations do not follow-up on the benefits of training as regards staff performance. As a result of this they don’t take training and development as an important factor in organizational growth and survival. Most manages do not know how to assess the return on investment in training, nor are they equipped with the necessary management tools to monitor the decision making process of such investment. It has been discovered that training and development budget is the first cut when the organization is faced with difficulties because most of them are of the opinion that investment in the area of training and development is not linked to the bottom line of the business. Globalization and rapid technological development has changed the conditions for companies and increased competition in the world markets. The quality of a company’s human resources is the key driver for sustained top-level performance. It has become crucial to continually invest in human resource development in order to guarantee success in the global market. As earlier said, managers engage in minimal training thereby not giving quality training to their employees, this in turn affects the overall outcome of the training and the performance of the staff. Most organizations that have a competitive image see more reasons to train their workers than those who are on the lower rung of the ladder of recognition, but training and development is still needed to create a niche. In the light of the above,
that employees remain motivated if they are rewarded to achieve goals of a company. And when they are
Jusko informs those interested in developing high-potential employees of the basic steps to create efficient leaders. To have a successful employee development program, it is very beneficial for the upper-level management of organizations to have an extensive involvement in leadership development. The organization should also have dependable, clear-cut, high moral level culture which should look toward what skills will be needed in future occupational endeavors when reviewing current talent’s work performance. High-potential employees should be given opportunities to learn and develop skills that will be rewarding for themselves as well as the organization in the future. Motivation increases the retention of high-potential employees. Furthermore, managers of these employees should be held responsible for the development of their skills.
In the early 1900’s, some of the first ideas were thrown together to allow an organization to flourish in the upcoming modern era. The first theories were known as scientific and classical management, which focused on three separate theories from Frederick Taylor, Henri Fayol, and Max Weber. The three theories have similar ideology in the fact that organization is driven by management authority, employees only source of motivation is money, and organizations are machinelike with employees making up the parts of the machine (Papa, Daniels, & Spiker, 2008). In the Prophecy Fulfilled case study, Mary Ann (senior auditor) takes on a management role with subordinates similar to that of Weber’s Bureaucratic Theory (Daniels 1987, pp. 77-78).
Between 1770 and 1850, during the Industrial Revolution in England, huge changes occurred in society. In this time, huge Industrial growth occurred due to advancements in power, transport and communication. Inventions such as the steam engine allowed industries to expand and transport goods and materials with ease. Communication improved also due to the arrival of the telegraph, telephone and radio. This industrialisation continued at a rapid pace with the economy in the western world shifting from mainly agricultural to being involved with manufacturing goods and industrial markets. This change required more structured and coherent management methods to be created. It wasn’t until the early 1900s however that formal theories of management started to be formulated with the arrival of classical schools of management.
Early management theories adopted by such proponents as Henri Fayol, Mary Parker Follett and Max Weber are relevant in todays’ world. In this essay I am going to discuss about all three theorists and how their theories are still relevant for managers in the 21st century in meeting the challenges. In the classical approach to management there are three branches under it. They are, scientific management, administrative principles and bureaucratic organisation. Henry Fayol and Mary Parker Follett developed theories for administrative principles and Max Weber developed a theory for bureaucratic organisation (Schermerhorn et al. 2014, p.36). First we will be going through Henri Fayol and then Mary Parker Follett as they both made theories
The history of management has been grouped into phases of development. Classical Management was introduced in the beginning of the 201th century. This addresses the organization’s search for efficiency on the basis that people will work for themselves and be economically beneficial. In other words, they work because they are determined by the economic concerns. Workers are expected to accept every opportunity that comes and they must work for it to achieve a personal and financial improvement. All of this has been supported by 3 theories in which the companies still used it today.
By the time Henri Fayol had finished his theory, General Industrial Management, in 1916, which was based on his reminiscence as a successful turnaround of a major mining company from depths of failure; he set out to illustrate management as being a separate entity to other jobs within an organisation as he would say although “technical” and “commercial” “function” were “clearly defined”, “administrative” education was lacking. In his theory he introduced his five duties a manager had to follow to be called effective: plan, organise coordinate, command, and control and added to this fourteen principles he felt managers should use as reference to conduct the five duties. However Fayol was very much an idealist his theory was based on what a complete manager should be like and gave the view of managers taking control from behind a desk, yet critics, most influential being the academic Henry Mintzberg, who released his work in 1973, were more realists and saw a manager life as chaotic, involved and interactive, arguing what Fayol was portraying is not possible, and outdated.