Hepatocellular Carcinoma Case Study

Many people don’t understand how dangerous Hepatitis C is because it is not commonly known about as much as Hepatitis A or B. This disease is however very serious. Although frequently asymptomatic in time the virus can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver failure. Symptoms of HCV are jaundice (yellowing of the eyes), stomach pain, nausea and fatigue. Treatment options for the disease, if caught early enough is a combination of medications or depending on the degree of damage, a liver transplant. ”For some people, hepatitis C is a short-term illness but for 70%-85% of people who become infected with

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes inflammation of the liver, eventually leading to tissue damage. Cirrhosis is the result of extensive scarring of the liver. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention state that HCV typically causes cirrhosis in 5 to 20 percent of infected people over a period of 20 to 30 years. Overall, cirrhosis develops 20 to 30 percent of the time. Progression to cirrhosis may be accelerated in people who are older, obese, drink alcohol, or are immune-suppressed (such as people who are coinfected with HIV).

In several clinical cohorts, it has been shown that chronic hepatitis C is a main leading cause of cirrhosis and HCC, which is the third cause of cancer deaths worldwide (EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2011).

Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus. The disease can be either acute or a chronic infection, which can be mild or a lifelong disease. This disease also is the major cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. The disease is slow moving and sometimes take up to thirty years to damage the liver. In the United States there are an estimated three to four million people with the disease and are not even aware. Approximately thirty percent of the individuals infected within six months have no symptoms and will not even be aware that they have the disease. In the remaining seventy percent infected the disease will become chronic. According to statics one hundred and seventy million people are chronically infected worldwide.

The patient is a 64-year-old female who has had recurrent admissions to the hospital and recently discharged after being treated for a ESBL Ecoli urinary tract infection. She presents again to the ER complaining of abdominal pain and abdominal distention. Her medical history is significant for schizophrenia, knee replacements, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, past CVA, COPD and dyslipidemia. Workup in the ED reveals her to be anemic and hemoglobin on admission is approximately 9.6 with hydration dropped to 8.5. She is also thrombocytopenic. Her labs reflect chronic kidney disease and her urinalysis reveals large amount of blood in the urine. In the ED she undergoes a CT of the abdomen and pelvis which reveals her to have ascites and

Hepatitis C is an infection of the blood caused by the Hepatitis C virus. While the Hepatitis virus is widely known for damage caused to the liver, it can also cause damage to the kidneys and other body organs as well since it is an infection in the blood. Hepatitis C is both acute and chronic meaning it can last 6 months and resolve on it 's own or it can last a lifetime. The family name Hepatitis includes Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B in name while each is a completely separate disease. Each separate disease is caused from a completely different virus and transmitted in differently.

Regina is a 62-year-old female diagnosed with chronic viral Hepatitis C (B18.2) and is genotype 1a. She is treatment naïve. Her most recent lab results indicate HCV RNA 4,005,368 IU/mL, ALT 63, and AST 83. Regina’s CT scan shows a cirrhotic appearance of the liver.

Hepatitis C is an infection of the liver caused by the virus called Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Hepatitis C can be acute and chronic, it is an asymptomatic disease, but a chronic infection can be life threatening and cause serious health complications in the future and eventually death. Many are unaware of this infection; the life threatening health risk involves liver damage, end- stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma and even death. It 's been estimated that in the United States 2.7 million people are infected with chronic HCV, whereas the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates 3.2 million (Ditah, 2010). The infected population are primarily in their fifties and sixties, born between 1945 and 1965. One attributable cause is believed to be the transmission of the contaminated blood through organ transplants and drug injections. It is expected that compensated cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) will increase by over 80 percent from the year 2000 to the year 2020. Over the same period, it is estimated that decompensated cirrhosis would increase over 100 percent and that liver-related deaths would increase by 181 percent (Davis GL, Albright JE, 2003).

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), the most common blood-borne pathogen known to man, can last a lifetime and lead to serious liver problems, including cirrhosis, liver cancer, and ultimately death. It is the leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer and the most common reason for liver transplantation in the United States. The largest and most significant risk factor for the virus is misuse of IV drugs. Approximately 19,000 people die every year from Hepatitis C related liver disease. The impact of undiagnosed and untreated HCV is expected to increase dramatically over the next 40 to 50 years with 1.76 million persons developing cirrhosis, 400,000 developing HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma), and 1 million persons dying from HCV-associated complications.

Hepatitis C is a disease which occurs in the liver that might occur only for a short time or it could be there as long as your lifetime. It usually comes from the Hepatitis C Virus, which occurs due to having a contact with an infected person’s blood.

In our cohorts we prospectively recruited patients with HCC presented at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) from January 2000-May 2008 and used as a training cohort. Then, we enrolled patients from the same institution from June 2008-January 2011 and used as the first independent prospective validation cohort and also from different institution, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt from April 2012- September 2013 as the second independent prospective validation cohort. This study was approved by the two institutional Review Boards. Written informed consent for participation was obtained from each study participant. We recruited all patients diagnosed with HCC either pathologically or radiologically confirmed. For the three HCC cohorts, the study involved pathologically or radiologically confirmed HCC; the diagnosis was based

Initial liver biopsy is recommended for assessment of the inflammatory activity and the severity of fibrosis, which is useful for making therapeutic decision. The work-up shows that interface and zone 1 lobular hepatitis is the hallmark with the characteristic lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, typically prominent portal and periportal (in case of bridging necrosis or cirrhosis) inflammation which generally spares the bile ducts, and acinar transformation of hepatocytes (rosettes formation). Plasma cells may not be dominant but prominent inflammatory cells only at the interface. The non-specificity of histological findings to autoimmune hepatitis should always be remembered, and the absence of plasma cells does not preclude the diagnosis. Meanwhile,

A review of her medical record indicates she was admitted to MHS on 5/7/2017 with Weakness, fever and chills for 2 days and diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection and possible UTI. She was started on antibiotics and IV fluids with adequate response. She was also noted to have mild fluid overload and pulmonary congestion on chest x-ray which were treated with. Patient had a 2-D echo on April which shows a preserved systolic function of left ventricle with only mild diastolic dysfunction. She is on marijuana adjunct therapy for her pain. She suffers from chronic HTN, chronic depression, which remained unchanged and chronic anemia. She is current follow by Dr. Iannotti for oncology and is currently on chemotherapy.

The procedure takes only a few minutes and is relatively painless. No special preparation is necessary before an AFP test. We analysed the sensitivity and specificity of the progressive increase of the levels of alpha fetoprotein for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis. Seventy-four patients with cirrhosis without hepatocellular carcinoma and 193 with hepatic lesions diagnosed by biopsy and shown by image scans were included. Sensitivity and specificity of transversal determination of alpha fetoprotein ≥ 200 and 400 ng/mL and monthly progressive elevation of alpha fetoprotein were analysed.

Hepatitis C is an inflammation of the liver’s cells and tissues caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV).