2. Herding in European and U.K. markets a. Herding in Europe Feng and Seasholes (2004) wrote a paper concerning the geographical delimitations of herding behaviour. They found that there is a significant correlation of trading behaviour made by investors on stock markets and that this correlation increases exponentially when investors are selling and buying within a specific geographical area. Indeed, the study showed that trades, which can be either sales or purchases, are deeply correlated when we split investors geographically. That correlates with the findings of Zhou & Lai (2009) who state that herding measures may differ in stocks according to geographic regions and classification of industries. Stavroyiannis & Babalos (2013) conducted an extremely relevant research project by investigating the existence of herding behaviour on the major European Stock Exchange Indexes. Indeed they gathered daily data during a period from the 15th of April 2005 to the 31st of December 2012, and the results indicated that herding behaviour can be strongly identified in the South-European countries during the 2008 crisis period. When times are considered as ‘normal periods’, models, mainly the rational asset pricing one, show that the distribution in cross-sectional returns is going to increase in the same trend as the absolute value of the returns on the markets, because investors are usually trading with their diverse private information. Nonetheless, they also found that during
For example I immediately bought Disney, Apple, and, Amazon before anything else, due to the success I knew each of these companies have had in the past. After running out of companies I knew had stock on the exchange, I started doing research on stocks I might want to purchase. This was especially necessary for mutual funds, which prior to starting the stock market game I had very little to no knowledge about. I found that in the long run, the stocks that I had the most success with were stocks that I had had some previous exposure to. Amazon especially was a great success.
Capital markets provide a function which facilitates the buying and selling of long-term financial securities to increase liquidity and their value, Watson & Head (2013). Hence, the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) explains the relationship that exists with the prices of the capital market securities, where no individual can beat the market by regularly buying securities at a lower price than it should be. This means that in order to be an efficient market prices of securities will have to fairly and fully reflect all available information, Fama (1970). Consequently, Watson & Head (2013) believe that market efficiency refers to the speed and quality of how share price adjusts to new information. Nevertheless, the testing of the efficient markets has led to the recognition of three different forms of efficiency in which explains how information available is used within the market. In this essay, the EMH will be analysed; testing of EMH will show that the model does provide strong evidence to explain share behaviour but also anomalies will be discussed that refutes the EMH. Therefore, a judgment will be made to see which structure explains the efficient market and whether there are some implications with the EMH, as a whole.
As a future business leader, I chose to read the book “The mind of the Market” by Michael Shermer When I first purchased this book I didn't know what to expect, I just knew that I had a series of questions from my macroeconomics, sociology, and history class that would like to explore.
Rookie stock market investors are those who only possess a relatively rudimentary knowledge and experience of the investing sphere. Most of these individuals usually commence by sticking to a 'buy and hold ' trading strategy. As a beginner, your general experience in investment trading is very limited. This, for the most part, confines you to making no more than a couple of trades perhaps on a monthly basis from a cash account. However, this does not necessary signify that you have not placed high expectations on your stock market trading activities. You most likely are very interested in expanding your knowledge as well as investment experience in order to realize the objectives you may have set. This is all nice and good.
You can earn more money by investing in bonds, stocks, and mutual funds. I was playing The Stock Market Game with my class at school and learned a lot about choosing different kinds of investments. First, as you choose where to invest your money, you have to be careful not to put all your eggs in one basket. Investing money can be very risky. For example, lets say you invest all your savings in one stock, bond or mutual fund and it’s unsuccessful you could lose all your money. You lose time as well. A good idea is to decide how much money you want to put into each invest. Consider how much risk you can afford to take.
Many changes have transcribed in the global market since the years of 2008-2009, the years of what could be dubbed as the “Second Great Depression”. The changes made have been of significant impact as the market has had to accommodate or regulate a great quantity of systems that range from the advancement of technological platforms in the compartment of information technology to the increase in demand of less common forms of energy being established by major corporations such as Tesla’s Powerwall home batteries. The increase of applications via phones have even made it easy for investors, even novice investors, to buy shares in stock markets at an international scale with a push of a button, taking great advantage of what the globe offers in
Over the past summer during my Stock Market program at Columbia, I befriended a girl named Maria. After a few icebreakers, I learned that Maria actually lives in Amsterdam, in the Netherlands, the country famous for wooden shoes, tulips and windmills, and so much more as I learnt from her. Maria explained that throughout Amsterdam there are many small cafes – with more variety than just Starbucks - that she goes to do classwork, meet up with friends, or just enjoy a refreshing cup of hot chocolate especially during the cold winter months. She explained that especially after ice-skating on the “Grachten” (the water canals in Amsterdam) a “warme choco” is the best thing to feel your toes again. An interesting thought for a Texan that normally thrives on cold water and winters with hardly any snow or ice. Maria also
There are a lot of things that I learned about the the Stock Market Game. In fact, I helped a basketball player named Bob Robinson invest in stocks for his financial plan for the future. I am interested in helping this person because of how good he is at basketball and because of who he plays for. He plays for Golden State which is one of my favorite basketball teams. He was also interested in investing in stocks which was why I helped this basketball player learn about having a diversified, long-term financial plan.
The Stock Market is a place where people can chose to invest in public companies and possibly receive dividend when value of the company increases which is often measured by a shareholder by a share’s worth. People investing in companies can also lose money if the company invested in isn’t making money for itself. In this Economics project, students were supplied with arbitrary amount of money to buy stock and observe how the dynamic stock market works. With $10,000 I chose to invest mostly in TVIX, SIRI, and CNAT.
In the big picture, the stock market is not a game. People both have made millions and lost everything on the stock market. Given this The Stock Market Game is a great simulation to a get a slight feel on how the stock market works. This game can be be something very useful for you if this is a topic the intess you. Depending on how much work you put into your stocks is what determines what your going to get out of this. After completing this simulation I can see that there's definitely potential to learn something for the future; you can use this opportunity, with this simulation, to acquire information that could make your money later in life. To truly accomplish this your will need to put in more work than is required for the class. In class
Even though we made profits in the last week of our trading game, we were still unable to compensate for our total losses incurred. Previously, we had the mind-set that the stock market was far simpler; people buy shares in the hopes of making money. Some people buy and sell often for speculation purposes, while others are long term investors. Sometimes people make a lot of money very quickly, and sometimes people lose a great deal just as fast.
This stock-track portfolio really kept me interested in class and I had a lot of fun doing it. Throughout the semester I made 40 different trades. The day I received my cash I bought 15 different stocks. I purchased 500 shares of each stock. Coca-Cola was my first. I didn't know much about the market, so I wanted strong, low-risk stocks. Next I bought Tommy Hilfiger Corp., because I really like their clothes and I felt that they were going to sell a lot more with the new line of kids clothing they were putting out. MCI communications was my next choice. My mother's cellular phone is hooked up with them and I figured I might as well support the company. Inter-Tel was next. I thought I was buying Intel, but
The stock market game was interesting to me because I never knew anything about stocks. I struggled in making trades in the beginning of the game because I didn’t understand how to properly trade nor understood how money could be earned or lost. As time went by, I started to learn how to trade more appropriately to either gain some or lose just a slight amount. I found myself constantly depending on certain stocks rather than going for a variety like others seemed to do. I would only trade one thing at a time unlike everyone else as well because that’s what I felt comfortable with. However, I realized that sometimes to gain a great amount, I have to go out of my comfort zone and just take a risk; although, I still didn’t do it. The idea of having essay pages written actually motivated and pressured me at the same time for me to play it safe. I didn’t necessarily aim for being the top three nor did I focus on having no essay pages written but rather, I wanted to have a minimal amount of pages to write and I suppose I did succeed in that goal. The first few trades that I made started off being low-priced because I was too afraid of losing money which would result in me writing more essay pages and I did not want that. I focused on one stock called VisionChina Media Inc. (VISN) because it was the lowest price that qualified for the five dollar minimum for the stock market game. At this time, I still didn’t understand how to
The fraction of corporate equity owned by institutional investors has grown considerably in the past several decades; institutional holding of shares in U.S. equities has increased from approximately 16% in 1965 to over 50% in 2010 (Federal Reserve Board, 2011). The fact that institutional investors are managing such a sizable wealth invested in U.S. equity market has potential important role in term of setting market prices. The growing impact of institutional investors on capital markets has induced to increased research on the behavior of this group of investors both by academics and policy makers, who tend to believe that institutional investor follow momentum based strategies, and often are alleged to herdinglike behavior and following destabilizing trading strategies.
To capture the cross-border contagion in proceeds, the research will utilize the value approach that will test whether the trial observations in the filtered returns are related across nations. Trial observations are the filtered returns in the lower deciles of a nation’s time series allotment over the whole sample period. The research will use the logit model to tackle the problem of contagion by approximating whether a specified nation is more expected to have the worst return in a specified week, restricted to other countries having as well experienced the worst return in the preceding week. The dependent variable is an indicator variable that is set to one in case the local nation index under study has a weekly return in the lower deciles of every weekly proceeds for that nation and zero otherwise (Morrison & White, 2013 p. 645). To evaluate