Herniated Disk Research Paper

Obtain a lumbar myelogram. If the myelogram confirms the disk herniation procedure with discectomy the following day.

Nowadays, herniated disk is more common than ever and its symptoms can make many people discomfort. So, the primary treatment for each patient is relieves these symptoms. Each patient’s treatment plan has to be individualized based on the location of the pain, the severity of pain and the specific symptoms that the patient exhibits.

aching, and a dull burning discomfort. I also experienced a swelling knee and a lot of pain

Most people have at least one backache in your life. Although this pain or discomfort can occur anywhere on the back, the most common area affected is the lumbar region. This is because most holding bodyweight.

Possible symptoms of a herniated disc include pain that radiates through the back and possible down the arms or legs, depending on the location of the herniation. There can also be noted numbness and weakness of the arms and neck. Some people may not even know that they have a herniated disc because not all cases present with leg or back pain. Other signs and symptoms of a herniated disc may include muscle spasms or deep muscle pain. In extreme cases, a patient may present with weakness in both legs and/or the loss of bladder control and bowel control. This is a serious problem called cauda equine syndrome and requires immediate medical attention.

Herniated discs are particularly brutal, due to their position directly behind the spinal cord. When a disc ruptures, the ‘jelly’ inside can spill out into the nerves. This results in severe pain that radiates through the back and sometimes down the legs, as in my case. For more than two years, it felt like I had a knife embedded in my lower back.

Roughly, 80% of the population will experience lower back pain once in their lifespan, while two-thirds of the population will experience neck pain. As ludicrous as it might appear, the ugly truth about slipped disc complications is that they are increasing at an alarming rate. Back pain and neck pain are the most common reasons of immobility in individuals under 45 years old. It is now very ubiquitous and not only found in elderly, or after a traumatic happening. A slipped disc can happen throughout the entire spine but is most common in the cervical and lumbar area. Inappropriate posture, unwarranted or protracted axial weight-bearing activities are the culprits; in other words, extended sitting or lifting and carrying of hulking objects that cause uneven distribution of weight across your spinal joint or the spinal discs. Over the time, axial loading (sitting or carrying weighty loads) can dehydrate your spinal disc. Dehydration of the

MRI of the lumbar spine dated 12/11/15 reveals disc desiccation with associated loss of disc height at L5-S1; posterior annular tear at L5-S1; hemangioma at L5; and L5-S1 focal right paracentral disc herniation which abuts the thecal sac. Disc measurement is 3.3 mm.

Thus helps in treatment planning and prognosis. Multiple factors are to be considered during treatment planning. It is important to identify the disorder and its clinical implications, to ensure the most appropriate treatment. Nevertheless, the choice of imaging test depends on personal experience, preference, local availability and the cost of imaging. The American College of Radiology has developed informative criteria that rate the relative usefulness of various imaging modalities for the evaluation of shoulder pain in different clinical scenarios. However, the diagnostic algorithm will ultimately be influenced by the therapeutic approach. The use of various imaging techniques to determine rotator cuff injuries is very controversial. Thus a technique used should not only be informative but cost effective as well. Arthrography is invasive with much health risk. US is a non-invasive, relatively inexpensive, no risk of exposure to radiation and therefore, can be used as initial line of investigation. MRI is sensitive and specific, to detect correct site and extent of tear and also non-rotator cuff related pathologies like

In between each vertebrae of the spine lies a fibrocartilaginous cushion, known as an intervertebral disc. However, when there is an issue occurring that causes the intervertebral disc to not function properly as a cushion between the vertebras of the spine, such as intervertebral disc herniation, other complications can arise. Neck and back pain is a common issue faced by adults of various ages. Back pain is accountable for second most frequent cause for visits to the hospital, fifth most common reason for admission to the hospital, and the third most common cause of surgical procedures (Taylor, Deyo, Cherkin, & Kreuter, 1994) Intervertebral disc herniation of the spine is often the culprit of this pain. In this paper the etiology, pathology, clinical course, signs and symptoms, prognosis, occupational therapy treatment protocol, and the overall effect on the person affected by a herniated disc will be discussed.

On examination of the lumbar spine, there is mild paraspial lumbar muscle tenderness to deep palpation. There is a questionable facet joint tenderness to deep palpation.

Human spine consists of twenty six vertebrae separated by twenty four intervertebral disks. These disks absorb shock during everyday activities such as running, walking, sitting, turning, and bending. The intervertebral disks have two parts: an outside part called annulus fibrosus, which is made up of strong fibrous cartilage; and inner part called nucleus pulposus, which consists of water and collagen fibers and is often described as “gelatinous” substance. When outer annulus fibrosus thins out due to an injury or age-related weakening, the inner nucleus pulposus can slip out, causing pain and discomfort because it can press on the spinal cord and nerves. This condition is called herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP).

What an incredible journey Catherine’s mother has taken us on. Life is filled with mystery and intrigue. In a moment in a twinkling, even a blink devastation can take it all away. Just the thought of what her parents went through, makes you realize life is short. How good news that you are pregnant, turn into bad news and become a tragedy. Unfolding right before your eyes and you can’t do anything about it. Finding out that your baby heart is on the wrong side, stomach in her chest and no room for her lungs to grow. Catherine’s diagnosis (Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia), that will lead to congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. “Developmental psychopathology which suggest that we gain a better understanding of children’s disorders

For the treatment of lumbar disc herniation or radicular pain various con¬servative, surgical or nonsurgical methods have been used. Conservative method such as rest, analgesics, traction, medication, physical therapy, structured exercise etc. are used which are effective only for mild to moderate cases, then the injections can be tried and may offer rapid relief from pain in acute patients and may be a good treatment alternative for patients and the last hope is surgery but surgery has its own limitations, as it is a costly procedure, and may have several post-operative complications, chronic pain, and persistent disability. However, surgery is not available for everyone who is symptomatic, and may lead to failure in near about 25% of patients

Some cases of acute back pain gradually improve with home treatment and self-care. Proper body mechanics can often heal acute back pain within a few weeks and keep it functional for the long haul. Common causes of acute back pain include a muscle or ligament strain from repeated heavy lifting or a sudden awkward movement which may strain back muscles and spinal ligaments. Bulging or ruptured disks can also cause acute back pain. Vertebral disks act as cushions between the bones (vertebrae) in your spine. When the soft material inside a disk bulge or rupture from pressure it can press on a nerve. Sometimes this causes back pain, sometimes it does not.