High Blood Pressure Case Study

The patient is an 80-year-old female who presents to the ED because of increasing shortness of breath and some chest pain. She was brought in by the Clifton EMS. She stated the symptoms occurred suddenly. It started 2 days ago and became worse the morning of presentation. They are continuous and getting worse. The patient is also complaining of chest pain with coughing in the ED. She has a past medical history of intracerebral hemorrhagem hypertension, had spinal surgery and nephrectomy. On presentation initial blood pressure is 151/150 with a pulse of 93, respirations of 20, temp of 97.1 and her pulse oxymetry is 100% on a nonrebreather. She is placed on 4 L of nasal cannula and she is oxygenating between 95-98%. Her blood pressure fluctuates a but is brought under better

Moreover, Moulton (2009) found that African Americans are more susceptible to a number of conditions related to hypertension (including: heart disease, stroke and kidney failure). This is used to illustrate three main points from the article to include: the higher number of cases among this segment of the population, the role of health care professionals and the importance of education. (Moulton, 2009)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines High Blood Pressure as the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries, which carry blood from your heart to other parts of your body. Blood pressure normally rises and falls throughout the day. But if it stays high for a long time, it can damage your heart and lead to health problems. High blood pressure raises your risk for heart disease and stroke, which are leading causes of death in the United States. One out of every three adults over the age of twenty- that’s nearly eighty million Americans have high blood pressure. What’s more interesting is that nearly twenty percent don’t even know they don’t have it. Consequently, African American suffer more from this disease than any other race. According to the American Heart Association, forty percent of African American men and women have high blood pressure (AHA, 2016). Notably, adults twenty years and older consist of 42.6 percent are men and 47.0 percent are women that have this illness. For years’ researchers, have tried to understand why High Blood Pressure affect the African American at a higher rate than others. As a

Gentleman presents today in anticipation of release in 2-3 weeks. He has history of hypertension and asthma and reflux. Also mood disorder for which he is on Lamictal, which has been working well for him. He is a nonsmoker and no alcohol. He states he uses his Ventolin inhaler maybe 2-3 times a month. Usually spring is a bad season for him but he has never been on a steroid inhaler, never been hospitalized for his asthma. He is not limited at all by his breathing. Otherwise, no other complaints other than he lost the feeling in the left upper molar and would like to have some Naprosyn or Tylenol for pain until he gets out.

Karen just got from the hospital and it sounds like things are improving. Mike’s color has improved, they have his PH in check, he is off the blood pressure meds, and they identified one of the strains of bacteria, so they are changing his antibiotics to treat that. They still have him heavily sedated, but he has been shown some signs of responding. They are no talking about things in days, rather than hours. It sounds like he will most likely be in the hospital for 3

High blood pressure (hypertension) is a major health condition which affects many Americans. This health condition may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. A normal blood pressure consists of systolic blood pressure divided by diastolic blood pressure, 120/80mmHg (millimeters of mercury). High blood pressure is defined as systolic pressure which is greater than 140mm Hg, and diastolic pressure which is over 90mm Hg. Hypertension influences the health outcomes of black Americans more than other races in the United States. Racial discrimination and socioeconomic status are two major factors which influence the rate of high blood pressure in the black American population.

Average male data regarding systolic blood pressure indicated that as power output increased, systolic BP increased in a relatively linear fashion. Regarding 4th stage diastolic blood pressure, as power output increased, 4th stage diastolic BP stayed fairly stable and then had a spiked increase around the final/highest power output completed. Regarding 5th stage diastolic blood pressure, as the power output increased, these values also stayed fairly stable with a little increased around the final/highest power output completed. Pulse pressure also had a linear increase in response to an increased power output due to the increase in systolic blood pressure. Finally, heart rate increased linearly with increasing power output until individuals approached maximum in which case it began to plateau.

Hypertension is one degenerative disease that is prevalent among African Americans. African Americans are also known to be affected to this more than the American majority. First of all, Hypertension, which is also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition in which the force of blood pumping through the arteries is too strong (Eisenberg, 2012). The heart is the organ in your body that pushes out blood to the arteries, and if it is too hard, the blood pressure will rise (Eisenberg, 2012). Approximately 40% of African Americans in the United States are known to have high blood pressure (High Blood Pressure and African Americans, 2014). These statistics shows that almost half of the total population is dealing with this condition.

After three consecutive measurements of Mr. Hightower's blood pressure with the same blood pressure machine, his BP remains in the range of 140's - 150's/80's -90. Mr. Hightower denies "white coat syndrome", a condition in which a patient's anxiety causes an increase in his/her blood pressure in a medical environment. Katzung (2015) defines hypertension as the most common vascular disease (p.169). It affects both men and women equally. According to Katzung (2015), 60-80% of men and women will develop hypertension by the age of 80 (p.169). Hypertension increases the risk of organ damage. Effective treatment is important to reduce overall morbidity and mortality. Edmunds (2009) reports that antihypertensive therapy has been associated with significant

Modern medical advancements have significantly decreased the prevalence and severity of infectious disease as well as the treatment of acute, traumatic conditions. Pharmacological research has also gained insight into the management of chronic disease. Still, there is an epidemic of chronic, treatable diseases like stroke, heart disease, and kidney disease. Hypertension proves to be the underlying factor associated with these diseases. Hypertension is often referred to as the silent killer because of its indication in deadly disease, and the importance of monitoring ones blood pressure is vital. Lifestyle, diet, and genetic predisposition are all factors of high blood pressure. Chronic high blood pressure above safe levels, known as hypertension, puts elevated physical stress on the renal and cardiovascular systems. By controlling this factor in patients, healthcare providers can decrease cardiovascular events, improve health outcomes, and decrease overall mortality. Patient education is often overlooked in its role in the control and prevention of high blood pressure. This paper analyzes the causes and physiology behind high blood pressure as they relate to the current nursing interventions. The role of nurses is discussed in relation to patient education regarding high blood pressure, and educational approaches are analyzed.

High blood pressure is caused by Arteriosclerosis, or stiffening of the arteries, Cushing's syndrome, which a thyroid problem or a tumor in the adrenal gland, as well as people who smoke, who are older, overweight, Sedentary, stressed, or African American for they have a 9 % greater risk than that of Caucasian descent,

Regulation of blood pressure is dependent upon whether the blood pressure is needing an acute control or a long-term control. Acute regulation of blood pressure is for when the individual is involved in physical activity or with position changes. Acute regulation is reliant on the rapid neural mechanism and humoral mechanisms. Vagal stimulation conveys parasympathetic impulses to the heart and sympathetic impulses are sent to the heart and blood vessels through the peripheral sympathetic nerves and spinal cord. The autonomic nervous system has intrinsic reflexes, extrinsic reflexes, and higher neural control centers.

Alcohol has a meaningful outcome on high blood pressure, so it is important people pay more attention on the relation of alcohol and blood pressure and its outcome on the health.

American seems to be caught in the trendy lifestyle of fast food, soda and stress.

The two major types of hypertension are primary and secondary. Primary hypertension accounts for more than 90% of all cases and has no known cause, although it is hypothesized that genetic factors, hormonal changes, and the altercations in sympathetic tone all may play a role in its development. Secondary hypertension develops as a consequence of an underlying disease or condition. The prevention and treatment of hypertension is a major public health issue. When blood pressure is controlled, cardiovascular, renal disease, and stroke may be prevented. The JCN, reported more than 122 million individuals in American are overweight or obese, consume large amounts of dietary sodium and alcohol, and do not eat adequate amounts of fruits and vegetables; less than 20% exercise regularly. Both modifiable and non-modifiable factors play a role in the development of hypertension