High Incidence Of Bacteri Los Angeles County Beaches

The coastal management strategies are not very effective as gathered from the surveys. On average, the participating surveyees gave the strategies a 4 out of a possible 5. This data were gathered from visitors/neighbourhoods who visit on average frequently. The main concern that would need conventional changes are council clean ups for rubbish track paths, washrooms and toilets, increase and improvement in stores and clubs as well as the immediate removal of pet litter.

The Effects of Human Activity on Coastal Landforms Human activities add another layer of complexity to the natural processes of coastal lands and materials. These activities may have direct or indirect effects on our changing coastlines. They may effect sources of new sediment to the coast and the movement of sediment within the coastal environment. Sediment starvation caused by river and coastal management is one effect of human activities on the coast. For some coastal regions, such as the Pacific coast, a large part of their sediment is supplied by rivers.

One of the most poorly understood causes ocean pollution is urban runoff. Urban runoff is also one of the leading causes of ocean pollution, Surfrider agrees, “Urban runoff is often the primary source of ocean pollution. The Ocean Friendly Gardens (OFG) Program educates and assists people in creating landscapes that utilize native plants, permeable ground covers and water retention features to prevent urban runoff, create wildlife habitats and design beautiful spaces” (Surfrider). Surfrider has a program called The Ocean Friendly Gardens where Surfrider

period of time have increased the size of the beach. Enviromental organisations have tried there best to limit the amount of man made deveoplment on coastal lads and many schools

If nothing happens to improve the current issues, rising waters will continue to rise, corrosion and erosion will worsen, and further damage will be inflicted on buildings, homes, cars, roadways and infrastructure as a whole. Additionally, not only will the infrastructure face failure, fishery and wildlife will experience extinctions and continue to drop in numbers, farms will face struggles of production and disbursement. Consequently, the export market for Florida commodities will see a huge drop in numbers, damaging the state of the market for imports and exports in Florida. These problems are severe and will cause residents to flee the area. If residents move away, then the budgets of both the City and the County governments will take a huge loss. It seems as though the cycle does not end. The Tampa Bay area needs residents, because with residents you have an income of tax dollars. Tax dollars are important for the sustainability of public goods. When the income of tax dollars is reduced, then the effects are felt in all areas of the budget system. But with and influx of residents comes more pollution and use of resources. This “gloom and doom” outlook does not have to be the case. To ensure a brighter outlook and future for the Tampa Bay area, we must consider

During the storm of the “decade”, on March the 6th 2015, Bondi beach was very polluted and was labeled, dangerous to swim in. This rating lasted throughout the storm and was still considered heavily polluted 3 days after the storm had disappeared. The website states that swimming at Sydney's oceans beaches should be avoided for up to one day after heavy rainfall or for as long as storm water is present”, however this appeared to be false. This website has been created by the government so is deemed valuable and reliable most of the time. The information on this website is gathered “by analysing rainfall and bacterial data collected over the last five years. Each morning, we (they) obtain rainfall data from a network of more than 40 gauges. We then compare how much rainfall has fallen near each swimming site with its rainfall threshold to determine the likelihood of pollution.” This method is fairly accurate but is not 100% reliable as it is an estimate. This can lead to mistakes like when the storm hit

Smart planning and using green technologies can reduce the impact that urbanization and growing populations puts on the Bay. Pervious paving surfaces reduce the amount of runoff going into the Bay. There are many benefits to using pervious concrete, “these benefits are achieved with the use of an innovative design. Pervious pavement, also referred to as porous or permeable pavement, is actually a system consisting of an open-graded surface layer of concrete, asphalt, or pavers, typically placed over an open-graded aggregate base layer. The pavement structure has a large percentage of void spaces allowing water to permeate through the surface and base at a rate comparable to that of a grass lawn” (Broviak). Strict stormwater control measures have recently been passed in states surrounding the Chesapeake’s watershed, including Maryland, and many require a certain amount of green space or use of green technologies in construction. In addition to the growing use of pervious pavement techniques, other types of stormwater management techniques are gaining popularity. In a thesis paper from University of Maryland, Wilson discusses alternative ways to engineer for the Bay; “By using technologies such as cisterns, green roofs, and constructed wetlands, the built environment can be designed to decrease our need for expensive water purifying infrastructure and preserve the health of fragile estuary ecosystems such as the Chesapeake Bay.” Rain gardens are a viable alternative to storm drains to deal with runoff from impervious areas. A rain garden captures water that would usually run into a storm drain and eventually be discharged into a river and allows it to infiltrate into the ground and for evapotranspiration to occur. In a study done to evaluate how effective rain gardens are at capturing and reducing runoff results were

Many communities are suffering due to coastal erosion. One example is the village of Cocodrie, LA in Terrebonne Parish. This village’s small population and its 220 residential and commercial buildings are surrounded by marshes. In Cocodrie, there is no barrier against hurricanes. Local marinas play host to recreational and commercial fishing, and The Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium is located in Cocodrie. This facility of around 100,000 square ft houses laboratories, classrooms, and a research center. Infrastructure that will be affected by coastal erosion includes paved highway, dirt roads, a bridge, water supply systems, and natural gas lines. By 2050, Cocodrie will be surrounded by open water as the marshlands around the village give way to rising sea levels. Another community affected by this issue is Yscloskey, LA in St. Bernard Parish. The most important part of the economy here is fishing, and highways link the parish to New Orleans fishing communities. The Yscloskey area lies outside of the protective levees and is quite vulnerable to storms. Though losses in Yscloskey are not predicted to be as great as those in Cocodrie, a 16 percent loss by 2050 leaves the infrastructure of Yscloskey even more vulnerable (Coast 2050, 1998, p. 64-66). Local residents in these areas are watching the land disappear along with the beachfronts and Cyprus swamps that were on that land (Marshall, 2014).

One of the recurring problems at Howard County is the large quantities of stormwater runoff that flow into nearby streams. This is due to meteorological factors and physical characteristics including: land use changes. The more impervious surfaces there are the more surface runoff there will be; thus, placing adverse effects upon the environment. To be exact, these stormwater runoffs carry car oils, fertilizers, pet waste, litter, and sediment to the Chesapeake bay. Hence, 20% of the chesapeake bay’s pollution is due to stormwater runoff. However, not only does storm water contribute to pollution, but it also harms wildlife and its environment, as well as cause floods, erosion, and property damage. To address such issue, Howard Community College

Storm water is a great danger to the environment because it does not receive any treatment before entering waterways. A storm can overload the system, causing it to reach its max capacity. The water treatment plant is then forced to let the overflowing, untreated, water dump into the river. This leads to an almost opaque water, like that found in the Puget Sound. There is an average of 900 billion gallons of untreated sewage water entering larger bodies of water each year in the United States (Barnett). The rain that falls on surfaces drains into bodies of water through storm water collection systems, usually, without treatment. There is a strong relationship between concrete thickness and imperviousness in residential areas, leading researchers to believe that roads create impervious surfaces. When rain down the streets and rooftops, it absorbs all the harmful materials from those surfaces and flows into the major bays and the Puget Sound. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates the remodeling of the aging water system would cost between $300 billion to $1 trillion over the next 20 years (Barnett).

Did you know that the Ohio State Park of Buckeye Lake once was a well known amusement park called “Beautiful Buckeye Lake?” In present day the lake is overfilled with dead fish, construction equipment, and rubble, causing a damper on the community on what used to be a historical landmark, is now causing health risk and endangerment to wildlife. Problems like toxic algae blooms arose and then the dam was astonishingly weak, Buckeye Lake was at its worse. The only solution for pre- and post- rehabilitation is to continue to dredge, reduce the agricultural runoff by riparian buffer or build in-stream sediment traps or wetlands, and informing the community about the water pollution issue.We as a community can only do this

America faces an annual shortfall of $11 billion to replace aging facilities to comply with safe drinking water regulations, and yet as of 2005, federal funding for drinking water remained at less than 10 percent of this total. The National Park Service estimates (and underestimates) a maintenance backlog of $6.1 billion. In January 2007 dozens of beaches in California were closed when heavy rains caused an overflow that dumped millions of gallons of raw sewage into the waters. The number of unsafe dams rose by 33 percent between 1998 and 2005. The number of non-federally-owned dams identified as unsafe is increasing at a faster rate than those being repaired. For all the non-federally-owned dams that pose a direct risk to human life if they should fail, the ASCE estimates that $10.1 billion is needed over the next twelve years to make them safe. In sum, the ASCE estimates that the country would need to spend $1.6 trillion in the next five years to bring the country's infrastructure to an acceptable minimum

Just imagine for a moment, strolling barefoot through silky sand, the warm sun beating down, and the sound of waves rhythmically rolling in. Picture dolphins dancing in the distance, seagulls whistling their blissful hymn above, and children laughing as they dance through the ocean spray. Sounds like the perfect escape, right? Tragically, the future of such a beautiful scene is in serious jeopardy! The quality of our waters is degrading at an alarming rate; the human race contributes to the problem daily, often without realizing it. Water pollution in Florida is reducing pure water sources at a drastic rate, destroying natural beauty, and severely impacting the survival of local wildlife. Human actions are a major contribution to this issue, therefore citizen awareness is the highest workable solution to diminish the threat and improve the degradation of our waterways. Florida cities near major waterways should establish annual community events to raise awareness and positively impact this problem.

In the article, “Water Pollution: A Surefire Story in Your Community,” from IRE Journal, Robert Mcclure, investigates waterways that were supposedly “cleaned up” by the federal government. Factories and large businesses are the main contributors to water pollution in seas and oceans. The Clean Water Act was supposed to help clean oceans and ocean fronts from pollution and polluters, but the act was never initiated. Mcclure mentions that “The result today: Beaches, streams, and bays across the country are not being protected enough for people to safely swim and fish there” (1). He has performed many studies, starting with a Statewide look of investigation of water pollution. In his research, he revealed, “all the factories, sewage treatment plants and other

This red tide outbreak affects anyone and everyone who enjoys a day at the beach as well as Florida's marine life. If severe enough, it may negatively impact tourism in the area, thus denting Florida's tourist-dependent economy. In addition to targeting the local tourism industry, the seafood industry may suffer as well, as fish caught during red tide are typically inedible. If eaten, the infected organisms can pass along illnesses to those who consume them. As far as sewage exasperating the problem, it is important for the companies responsible to recognize and solve the issue, finding alternate ways to dispose of wastes.