It is said that studying the past can help us avoid repeating the same mistakes. However, it seems like we are disregarding this piece of sage advice today, as there are many conflicts being discussed without any reference to pertinent historical events. Most relevant is the correlation between the combat of terrorism today and the way America dealt with the “threat” of Japanese citizens during World War II. In the face of terrorism, we cannot enact the same injustices on any religious, ethnic, or racial group as Executive Order 9066 did to its Japanese-American citizens.
The internment of Japanese-American people for over two years was not only unlawful, but it also created a sense of distrust and resentment in the government. The constitutionality
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United States focused primarily on the curfew that resulted from Executive Order 9066. Hirabayashi argued that “the military orders were based upon racial prejudice and violated the protection the Constitution affords to all citizens” (828 F. 2d 591). The United States Supreme Court ruled against his case, saying “An appropriate exercise of the war power is not rendered invalid by the fact that it restricts the liberty of citizens” (Hirabayashi v. United State). As a result, Hirabayashi was convicted for disobeying military restrictions. The restriction of citizens’ rights is not a matter to be taken lightly; no circumstances excuse the illegality of any governmental action. As we struggle to find a way of preventing terrorist attacks today, we must always recognize that the government may take action against its own citizens when the situation becomes dire. Even though Hirabayashi’s conviction was later vacated, his petition was dismissed instead of investigating the transgressions of the government (Bannai 46). Everyone is guaranteed the same freedoms as their fellow citizens. We cannot discriminate against a group of U.S. citizens. When rights are taken away, or even limited, by the government, it is a violation of the United States Constitution and a reform is …show more content…
United States protested the exclusion of Japanese people in Military Areas. The Supreme Court convicted Korematsu for violating Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 in a 6-3 majority (Korematsu v. United States). Despite the result of his case, many people, including Supreme Court Justices, continue to look unfavorably upon the ruling (Liptak). It is hard to believe that the ruling still stands with such a great backlash. Under the stare decisis doctrine, which literally means “to stand by a decided matter,” new and future cases similar to Korematsu v. United States should have the same outcome (Grabianowski). When facing terrorism today, it is important to consider that the precedent of the Korematsu case was highly disputed even during wartime conditions. Justice Jackson wrote “If Congress in peace-time legislation should enact such a criminal law, I should suppose this Court would refuse to enforce it” in his dissent to the ruling (Korematsu v. United States). The fight against terrorism is not a time that justifies stripping a citizen of their promised rights. While our national security may be in danger, it does not mean that constitutional rights should be as well. Presently, we as a nation need to learn how to accept our fellow citizens with open arms and combat the real enemy. We have to disassociate them from the terrorists who actually pose a
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the internment of Japanese Americans on the West coast of the United States. On going tension between the United States and Japan rose in the 1930’s due to Japan’s increasing power and because of this tension the bombing at Pearl Harbor occurred. This event then led the United States to join World War II. However it was the Executive Order of 9066 that officially led to the internment of Japanese Americans. Japanese Americans, some legal and illegal residents, were moved into internment camps between 1942-1946. The internment of Japanese Americans affected not only these citizens but the
Roger Daniels’ book Prisoners without Trial is another book that describes the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II. This piece discusses about the background that led up to the internment, the internment itself, and what happened afterwards. The internment and relocation of Japanese-Americans during World War II was an injustice prompted by political and racial motivations. The author’s purpose of this volume is to discuss the story in light of the redress and reparation legislation enacted in 1988. Even though Daniels gives first hand accounts of the internment of Japanese Americans in his book, the author is lacking adequate citations and provocative quotations. It’s
So, some people say that the internment of the Japanese-Americans was totally constitutional and let me tell you now that is a lie. The reason I say this is specifically in the fourth amendment shows that you can not have your land or property taken by government without a warrant. Also right in the constitution, it says “we the people.” How can this be when you separate a whole race of people away from everyday
Located on the third floor of the National Museum of American History, "A More Perfect Union" documents the forced relocation of thousands of Japanese Americans during World War II. The exhibit focuses on the violation of constitutional rights that occurred during this process. The purposes of this review are as follows:
The order for the military to put Japanese in imprisonment takes away from their constitutional rights and is discriminating against the Japanese race. The
When Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 on February 19, 1942,1 thousands of Japanese-American families were relocated to internment camps in an attempt to suppress supposed espionage and sabotage attempts on the part of the Japanese government. Not only was this relocation based on false premises and shaky evidence, but it also violated the rights of Japanese-Americans through processes of institutional racism that were imposed following the events of Pearl Harbor. Targeting mostly Issei and Nisei citizens, first and second generation Japanese-Americans respectively,2 the policy of internment disrupted the lives of families, resulting in a loss of personal property, emotional distress,
Two months after Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt authorized “Executive order 9066”. Which made More than 110,000 Japanese in the U.S to relocate to internment camps for reason of “national security”. The United States feared that they’re could have been Japanese spies inside America so the government relocated most Japanese immigrants to camps. It was one of the saddest moments in America that the government of America took actions on innocent people just because their heritage. America’s internment camps are similar yet different to Hitler’s concentrations camps.
It wasn’t very long after Pearl Harbor that we succumbed to fear of the Japanese here in America, thinking they were spies, and still loyal their ancestral land. Sadly, even our president Roosevelt succumbed to this, in which he signed executive order 9066 which authorized the relocation of all Japanese citizens here in America to internment camps where they would spend 4 years of their life, and lose their homes, valuables, lifes savings,businesses, and much more. Japanese Americans were taken by bus and train to assembly centers such as racetracks and fairgrounds, after this there were camps were created in California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas. Over 127,000 United States citizens were imprisoned during World War II because
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, many people were dubious towards many Japanese-Americans and believed they were working with Japan. With this, on February 19, 1942, President Roosevelt signed the Executive Order 9066, moving several Japanese-Americans into concentration camps, calling it a “military necessity” (Ewers 1). When this happened, many Japanese-Americans lost everything they had owned such as houses, farms, and their rights as American citizens.
Despite the fact that an attack on the US mainland would have been extremely difficult with being so far away and not very technologically advanced, “public opinion in 1942 thought otherwise” (Document 14). This is even confirmed by Attorney General Biddle, who in 1942 stated that “The present military situation does not at this time require the removal of American citizens of the Japanese race” (Document 6), and shows the deep rooted racism in the reasoning for removal. Despite the facts, the public panic caused by the media caused Japanese internment to become “military necessity”, causing a lack in their loyalty to the United States (Takaki). The assumption of disloyalty played a large role in the Japanese internment, even though the Japanese that were in Hawaii, closest to the attack, were actually extremely helpful and essential to the rebuilding of Hawaii after the attack (Fraser). The claim for “military necessity” is undermined with the fact that the Attorney General Biddle opposed the relocation for the very fact that it wasn’t actually necessary (Takaki). Since “there (was) no evidence of planned sabotage”, then the relocation of Japanese during the 1940s was unnecessary and unjust, without any facts to back it up with besides racism, the main root of the
On February 19th 1942, Roosevelt signed the executive order 9066. Under the terms of the order, people of Japanese descent were placed in internment camps. The United States’ justification for this abominable action was that the Japanese American’s may spy for their Homeland. Over 62% of the Japanese that were held in these camps were American Citizens. The United States’ internment of the Japanese was a poor and cowardly method of ‘keeping the peace.’ The United States was not justified in stowing away Japanese Americans into almost concentration camps. This act goes against the basic Bill Of Rights granted to all American citizens, the Fifth Amendment's command that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due
For over a century, the United States has been one of the most powerful and influential states on the globe. However, every nation has made mistakes in its past. Throughout our country’s history, certain groups have had to endure horrible injustices: the enslavement of African-Americans, the removal of Native Americans, and discrimination against immigrants, women, homosexuals, and every other minority. During World War II, the government crossed the line between defending the nation and violating human rights, when it chose to relocate Japanese residents to internment camps. The actions taken by the U.S. government against Japanese Americans and Japanese living in the
Some people may argue that Japanese Internment camps were necessary because the Japanese Americans got taken away to get put in the camps. The police would take the Japanese Americans away from their families because Americans thought that Japanese Americans were spies and they knew that something existed that the Americans didn't know about. I am here to argue that is not the case because, Augusto Kage ¨remembers his father getting taken away. The important thing about this is that his dad didn’t know what was happening and his relatives were petrified and had no idea what was going on.¨ The reason that the police are taking Japanese Americans away is because in January, a month after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor the U.S didn’t trust the Japanese Americans that lived in the U.S. Americans thought Japanese
When the Japanese Americans migrated to the United States they were not welcomed with open arms. The Japanese Americans faced many hardships. The biggest hardships they faced were their treatment by the American people as well as by the American government after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Japanese Americans were taken from their homes and placed in internment camps for years with little to no explanation as to why. According to the United States government the Japanese Americans placement in internment camps “were justified on national security grounds” (Brooks), but the truth is Japanese Americans were placed in internment camps because of fear and racial prejudice. This event in history is important because it
The Japanese-American placement in internment camps was wrong and unconstitutional. The Japanese-American people had been living in the United States without question until the uprise of racial prejudice brought on by the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Many Japanese-Americans had been born in America and lived an American life, integrated into American schools, speaking with American accents, and enjoying American culture. But, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the Japanese were suddenly seen as threats that needed to be controlled. Without any consent, these Japanese-Americans were placed in internment camps with poor conditions and treated as if they were ticking time bombs themselves.