Historical Investigation on the Tollund Man

The Mummy Case of Paankhenamun was composed of a substance known as cartonnage, which was usually made out of linen or papyrus strips bound together with a sticky substance in order to form a flexible shell. After mummification, the wrapped body was placed in the coffin-case through the back, which was then laced up and a footboard was added for support. Only then the case was ready to be painted. Such cartonnage cases as the case of Paankhenamun were normally placed inside one or more layered wooden coffins and were also decorated. The innermost coffin was always in the shape of the mummy and due to its utmost importance, it was the case with the richest decorations. The amazing detail is still a wonder to many historians and anthropologists (Stockstad 120-3).

“Twenty bodies were thrown out of our wagon. Then the train resumed its journey, leaving behind it a few hundred naked dead, deprived of burial, in the deep snow of a field in Poland.” (104)

In 1903 a miraculous discovery was made in western Norway.  Under a large mound on a small farm in the Vestford region, there was unearthed a massive Viking ship.  Its treasures and contents were so large they are still being studied today. The Oseberg ship burial, as it has come to be known, gives us important information on Norwegian Viking culture.   This essay will look at the history of its discovery, the ship itself,  its objects, the intriguing carvings, the intricate fabrics, and of course, the bodies .  By studying the Oseberg burial ship we can learn about burial practices, Norwegian Viking diets, Norwegian dress and decoration, shipbuilding practices, arts, and religion.

The pipel and the two other men were hung. The two adults died instantly but the pipel was too light and stayed alive for a half an hour.

The tone of Mitford’s essay “Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain” reflects her disapproval of the embalming process. To illustrate, she uses harrowing words like “subjected” and “gruesomeness” to convey a message of disgust and unease within the readers. It is good she wrote her essay in a simple and satiric way, so that it is very easy for the common man to read and comprehend it, while the comedy and horrible detail leaves the terrible imagery of the embalming procedures in one’s mind long after reading. Texts like this one, and ones similar to it are very important as society evolves. It would seem that many people would read this and it would greatly influence whether they would want their family members embalmed or even what they would desire

veins. After 45 minutes of jabs and pricks, executioners finally found a vein in Morin’s neck to use (Radelet).

The mummification process is done in two phases, the first being embalming and the latter being wrapping and burial. There was a special place for embalming to take place known as the ibu. The ibu was called the place of purification. The first thing the embalmers do is to clean his body with aromatic palm wine and rinse it with Nile water. The next step involves removing all but a select few of the internal organs. The process used to remove the internal organs changed over time and varied with the wealth of the body in question. The heart was left in the body because of its necessity as the focal point of mental and emotional stability. The body’s fluids and rags used in this phase are left with the body for its burial. The body is left for a period of

Under the different Kings and Queens of Britain, executions were common in these time periods. The many different types of executions that took place and have many unique differences. Why the executions took place, how were the speeches carried out, and how were they staged is something that needs to be examined. There are many sources that explain these different situations and it is a very interesting subject to examine. Each of these different monarchs varied in the way they carried out these executions and had different reasons in why these executions needed to happen. These executions were dependent on many different factors. One of these factors is the gender of the ruling king or queen calling for the execution in this specific

Bog Bodies allow us to delve into the ancient lifestyles that the individuals led, this includes their diet, their looks, their clothing, their beliefs and their customs. Tollund Man revealed all this information and more when scientists began to reconstruct his life. Tollund Man was found with a leather belt and a

Tollund Man is a 2400-year-old naturally mummified body that was discovered in 1950 in a danish bog. Tollund Man was most likely a low- class slave from the Iron Age, who was killed as a result of being hung by a rope noose, because he believed in another god than his community, which suggested he was rebelling against his own community.

Lovgren, Stefan. (December 1, 2006). King Tut Died From Broken Leg, Not Murder, Scienctists Conclude. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/061201-king-tut.html.

Although the Scandinavian Bronze Age man was a seaman, the extensive use of navigator features on the panels is also related to the artists’ intrinsic curiosity on death. Both the sun cross and the sun chariot can be seed transporting the people to the sun. This is an extension of the allusion that when life ended, the individuals were transported to the other world that was far from the current world. These might also be the initial allusion to the idea that man believed in life after death. Death is taken to be an even where a man travels to a faraway priest. From other archeological works, the burial sites for the Scandinavian Bronze Age man have been seen to be made in a ship’s shape. It is highly likely that the extensive representation of ships in the petroglyphs is also denoting the journey of men who have already died.

If everything was done correctly, the execution would be finished in a matter of seconds. Unfortunately, that was not usually the case, and the deaths were slow and painful. The end results of a hanging consisted of the eyes popping out of their sockets, protruding tongue, bloated face, defecation, and severe jerking of the body and appendages (Descriptions”).

Mankind’s history of burial practices and funeral customs are as old as civilization itself. There is no specific way to planning a funeral. Every civilization and culture has provided for their dead in different ways. Religion and personal beliefs play an important role in the burial practices and funeral customs of a given culture or civilization. Furthermore, each civilization and cultured ever studied have three things in common: some type of funeral rites, rituals, and ceremonies; A sacred place for the dead; and memorialization of the dead. As far back as the time of Christ, burials have been noted to take place. In time burial and funeral customs have become very distinct, interesting and

This is why The Tollund Man's burial and preservation is described in sexual terms, 'open her fen'. ' Those dark juices working/Him to a saint's kept body' describes how the bog preserves the body perfectly. Also, it suggests The Tollund Man is like a saint as in the Catholic religion, saints bodies are said not to decay. ' I could risk blasphemy…our holy ground' shows The Tollund Man's power over Heaney, "he can compel a 'religious' reaction outside the norms of