History 262 : Early Modern World History

Events which occurred in the 1500s that began a new era in global connections are, Vasco da Gama sailed across the Arabian Sea and found a cosmopolitan society in Calicut in southern India. Da Gama’s expedition also opened the door to direct maritime trade between European and Asian peoples and helped to establish permanent links between the worlds’s various regions. Ming emperors sponsored expeditions that visited all parts of the Indian Ocean basin. Merchant and military vessels established an Ottoman presence throughout the Indian Ocean. Between 1400 and 1800, European mariners launched exploratory voyages to nearly all of the earth’s waters.

The Byzantine Empire and Western Europe originally were part of the Roman Empire, but by the middle Ages(medieval times), they were very different, even though they did share some common traits, but by the 300's, the Byzantine Empire had far surpassed Western Europe in trade and economics and political unity, while both empires were having arguments over religion.

What were the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire? First of all the Roman Empire was a huge civilization that conquered a lot of land and was very unique and was very powerful. Then when the Roman Empire stands for quite some time and then the Roman Empire fell and it was mesmerizing.

The Official Gateway to Scotland. (2014). Retrieved November 3, 2014, from Scotland web site: www.scotland.org

Scotland is part of the United Kingdom along with England, Whales, and Northern Ireland. Scotland uses £ for currency. For example 1$ = 0.66£ so if you had 2$ how much would that be in £? The love for Scotland is very strong in fact their National Animal is the Unicorn! Robert III turned to the Unicorn for inspiration in rebuilding his nation; and the Unicorn was soon changed into the royal seal. When James VI of Scotland became King James I of both England and Scotland on the death of Elizabeth I in 1603, he drew up a new royal coat-of- arms that included both

Calories from corn and potatoes grew the European population from 60 million in 1400 to 390 million in 1900

Three of the many major causes of the fall of the Western Roman Empire was the decline in the loyalty of the army during the second century, the invasion of the Huns, and the moving of the capital from Rome to Constantinople by Constantine. These causes drained power from the Roman government adding to its instability and inability to deal with the problems it was facing in the fourth and fifth centuries. These resulted in the collapse of Roman power, the conquering of Rome and the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476 A.D. The loyalty of the army played a major part of the Roman collapse.

Many factors led to the transition from a republic to an empire, no one event or person is to blame. For one the Roman Republic constitution was never really laid out for conquest with wealthy oversea territories so the addition of more provinces caused the delicate balance within the political constitution the begin to collapse.

[1] Before I start this essay, I feel the need to remind the reader that I find slavery in all its forms to be an oppressive and terrible institution, and I firmly believe that for centuries (including this one) bigotry is one of the most terrible stains on our civilization. The views I intend to express in the following essay are in no way meant to condone the practices of slavery or racism; they are meant only to evaluate and interpret the construction of slavery in film.

The Holy Roman Empire was faced with many challenges during the period of 1517-1648. The challenges that the Holy Roman Empire faced lead to the Holy Roman Empire being spit up and eventually led to the downfall of it. Some of the challenges between 1517-1648 that lead to the eventual downfall of the Holy Roman Empire were the Reformation, the Schmalkaldic League, and the 30 Years’ War. These challenges weakened the Holy Roman Empire and eventually got rid of it. One challenge that the Holy Roman Empire faced was the Reformation.

Two thousand years ago, in the land surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, the Roman Empire stood strong. Grand cities filled with magnificent buildings and riches of every kind. Rich emperors lived in palaces and beggars lived on the street. The city streets of the Roman Empire were filled with crowds of people making their way to work, school, or play. “Before it gets light, we have the bakers. Then it’s the hammering of the artisans all day. There’s no peace or quiet in this city!” The overpopulated cities sat upon irregular hills with narrow lanes and congested traffic. Inhabited by Greeks, Syrians, Jews, Africans, Spaniards, and more, Roman society was made up of few rich people, many poor people, and the slaves. Ironically enough, these muddled streets of chaos were held together by social class and order. What would a day in the Roman Empire be like? The answer to this question would be completely different coming from a knight than from a slave. Whilst comprehending what daily life might look like in the Ancient Roman Empire, it’s imperative to understand the foundation on which it was grounded.

The Middle Ages, often referred to as the Dark Ages, was regarded to be a time of despair, disease, and death. Just as the name the “Dark Ages” suggests, this period of European history seemed to be surrounded by darkness and hopelessness. Unfortunately, the majority of people only see this side of the Middle Ages when, in fact, the Middle Ages was a much more important era. Especially during the late Middle Ages, one can find a change in orthodox social structure, political instability mostly concerned with succession to the throne, and economic changes and how those changes went hand in hand with the change in society. After certain demographical changes and turning points such as the Hundred Years’ War, Europe began to transform

The one constant theme from any period in history we examine seems to be that of change. As Europe began to take shape, it did so with an expansion and contraction rate that was dramatically impacted by changes in political organizations, positive and negative economic forces, and through shifts in social structure. The path to the creation of the European empires was a long and tedious journey. Sixth century feudalism gave way to the creation of a central authority. The thirteenth century was scarred by the Black Death but it brought about economic changes that would resonate well into the Renaissance period of the fifteenth century. Nation-states began their formation as the need for a centralized government dictated. With each step

A set point in the historical time line stands as the medieval period. The medieval period in history was the era in European history – from around the 5th to the 15th century, coming after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, and preceding the start of the early modern era. This historical time period has been long since been the victim of film directors and romantic novelists, which has lead to the common, but false, idea of the medieval period consisting of knights and damsels in distress, wizards and dragons, and castles and battles. Although mainly wrong in most parts and being highly historically inaccurate – some aspects of the dramatic works do play true to the original time period.

Ancient Rome, the period between the 8th and 1st centuries B.C. in which Rome grew from a little colony to an emerging empire. "Roman imperialism introduced extremes of wealth and poverty that honed social and economic conflict within the Roman state ." The enormous army and their countless loots, as well as their captured slaves, produced many changes along the countryside such as small farms becoming large plantations, and peasants left without lands decided to journey to Rome and other cities. "Immense wealth inflamed the ambitions of Roman nobles who struggled for personal domination rather than collective rule ." This dominant emergence of power and rule thus led to the conquering and control of other societies. The