History Of 20th Century Western Architecture

Architecture in the 1950s was representative of the conformity caused by the Cold War. McCarthyism and the Red Scare were some of the major sources of this conformity. McCarthyism was the persecution of innocent people assumed to be communist and the forced conformity that the practice aroused in American public life. As the government grew more and more concerned with the development of communism in the United States, the country became extremely against communism and with the help of John McCarthy, the government set out on a mission to find all the communists hiding in the depths of America; many people were questioned and hundreds were either killed or exiled, even those that were wrongly convicted. With the threat of being removed from

The architecture of the 1920s was very elaborate and strongly influenced by European movements. Soaring business profits and higher wages allowed American to afford more expensive architecture (“The Great Depression (1920–1940"). The indoor architecture included walls that tended to be one color with a glossy finish; floors were typically linoleum or vinyl, usually patterned. The fire places were bold and stepped. Also, chrome and etched glass became popular with much of the architecture ("Period Style- 1920s"). For example, in the novel The Great Gatsby, Nick states "… with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool, and more that forty acres of lawn and garden" (Fitzgerald 5). In addition to

An architect’s intention on how his or her design is to be viewed can be misconstrued in a variety of different ways. For example, dissecting the compositional and formal design of a building, with or without knowledge of the architect’s actual intent, is completely up to the interpretation of the person or persons researching or viewing the design. In my own research about the compositional and formal design of the Margaret Esherick House, designed by Louis Kahn, I have come to realize, with the help of scholarly resources, the direct intention of Louis Kahn’s design; in which this paper will come to analyze and explain. While compiling research about the Esherick house, I came across a very informative book, The Houses of Louis Kahn, written by George H. Marcus and William Whitaker. The Houses of Louis

To further my understanding towards architecture, I attended an architecture workshop during high school. During the excursion, I was exposed to many basic knowledge of architecture and

The eighteenth-century city was a place in which actual physical space was subjected to a complex mental layering of conceptual spaces, focusing on the design theory of architects as Boullee and Durand, with his charts. Which legacy was continued later on through the architecture of Paul Philippe Cret, Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Kahn, some of the most outstanding modern architects of 18th-19th century. Furthermore, distinctive features of neoclassicism and outlines

In this essay I am aim to explore Pugin’s dissent from tradition through his ideas, inspiration, and his most important works and their meaning. To dissent from tradition is to defy a stultifying tradition or convention, which leads to new, daring styles (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p.109). The ‘traditional’ architectural style in the early 19th Century, in Great Britain was classicism, inspired by ancient Greece and associated with democracy as well as with the French revolution (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p. 112). Pugin, called this classical style ‘the new square style’ (Figure 4.7, in Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p.123) and argued that it lacked authenticity of Great Britain (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p.

After the World War II Australian architects had to adjust themselves with the strict government guidelines for new building construction due to materials shortages. In this presentation we will see the works of two different architects from different periods of post-war era.

Seeking prime real estate in the heart of Midtown Manhattan? Various retailers and businesses are, and for them, 292 Madison Avenue could be the perfect spot. The building’s renovated facade, which is nearing completion, has managed to catch their attention for its great location and updated design.

There are many architects that have built incredible structures. They used a range of styles and designs to build such structures. Some of the styles and designs were turned into realties, others were not so. Of the architects who turned their style and designs into realities, are Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, who built Hagia Sophia as a church. However, Hagia Sophia would be converted to a mosque. Another architect is Kallikrates, who built the Temple of Athena Nike and Parthenon, who I will research, his work, and choose a building that interests me. Discuss the purpose of the building and why I find it interesting? Talk about how the building was constructed. If the building or architecture, suits the purpose it was created

The article argued that although new and modern architectural buildings are satisfying and innovating, they can take away from a sense of place or culture as Meade’s states himself “New, shiny buildings are all well and good, but what architects forget about is a sense of place – and beauty of wastelands” (Meades, 2012). Meades expresses his issue against architects overly modernizing structures, which might also have to do with that fact that the artists are getting paid for the designing of the “vanity projects” and the projects themselves are getting paid for. To draw reference to the Rome’s ancient city there is a constant style, grey colour and material that is used. If one were to view an image of the ancient city it is easily noticeable as to where it may it located, in this case Rome. It is almost essential that cities do not let go of their architectural traditions to keep the history and character life. Although it is inevitable for modernizations to be made, they should be worked traditional

Born on September 8, 1914, Sir Denys Louis Lasdun is considered among the most distinguished British architects of the 20th century. He is credited with having contributed to London’s urban landscape. Among the works for which he is best known are the Royal National Theatre at London’s South Banks of the Thames, the European Investment Bank in Luxembourg, the Royal College of Physicians in Regent 's Park and the University of East Anglia. The others of Lasdun’s buildings were a building at 32 Newton Road, Paddington, Hallfield Primary School, Usk Street Housing, Keeling House and the Sports Centre at the University of Liverpool. Considering how eminent these landmark buildings are in London’s landscape, it is apparent that Lasdun was a much-sough architect, especially by the British government as well as the local authorities. Lasdun’s architecture falls under the Brutalist architecture of the United Kingdom under which many prominent 20th century British and European architects worked. Among the architects that worked under Brutalism and had great influence on Lasdun’s architecture were Le Corbusier, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Nicholas Hawksmoor. Lasdun’s fame as a world class architect could be largely attributed to the fact that his architecture spanned the whole era of modernism in British art.

Although, most post-modernist architects had been associated with modern architects in terms of training during the twentieth century, they refused most their teachers ideas. In addition, today's architects cannot deny the modern architecture ways of designing any building. Their design, for instance, has many philosophical meaning such as constructional, environmental, sociological, commercial and metaphorical meaning.

The term “Mid-Century Modern” is used to broadly describe a style of architecture and furniture design that was prominent during the post-World War II years.

In the 19th century, architecture had great influenced by earlier architecture movements and styles which were adapted to the new technology of the early modern age. The revivals of Greek, Gothic and Renaissance design were fused with engineering methods and materials.1 The development of technology is closely associated with the production and use of materials and steel consumption and was considered as the economic development of many countries, in Europe and America. Steel, iron and aluminium metals are used in building construction, were in the earliest time introduced into the building materials such us: iron and aluminium. In the middle 19th century in architecture emerged characteristic development of new materials as a result of the new industrial needs, rapid development began in the structures in this period. In the building, new forms were demanded to emerge “modern” architecture. In the middle year of the century cast iron and steel was used structurally in a large building which was used mainly for a publics such us: greenhouses, covered markets and halls, passages, exhibition pavilions, utility building and railways. 2

Christianity was first introduced to Egypt through the teachings of Saint Mark the Evangelist, the founder of the Coptic Church and the writer of the oldest gospel available to date. As a result, various worshiping houses or churches were built in Egypt throughout the Coptic era. These churches were deeply influenced by the Christian beliefs and this can be clearly seen in their interior and exterior structure. One good example of an ancient church founded long ago in Egypt is the Holy Virgin Church in Harat Zuwayla.