History Of Pender 's Health Promotion Model

NTF #3: There are many nursing theories that influence the practice of health care practitioners today. The Health Promotion Model and the Symphonological Bioethical Theories are similar and different. However, they are both important theories, which will be compared and contrasted in the following sections. Developed by Nola J. Pender, the Health Promotion Model is a theory that a health related action is the result of multiple factors coming together to affect that individual’s choice of behavior. It is the combination of personal biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors that determine the type of health decisions a person will make (Sakraida, 2010).

The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) was created by Prochaska and DiClemente. It is based on “(1) the stages of change, (2) the decisional balance scale, (3) the strong and weak principle, (4) self-efficacy, and (5) the processes of change” (Kelly, 2008, p. 149). A person’s progression through the stages depends on their perception of the advantages of adopting a healthy lifestyle (Kelly, 2008).

After implementing these strategies, the patient’s weight will be measured and recorded weekly to track the progress (Ramont, Niedringhaus, & Towle, 2012). The level of food intake will also be measured considered plus random questions to determine the memory of the patient. However food intake will be at top of the list, this is because most of the issues surrounding the patient usually have a direct effect on the food intake of the patient. The other technique will be through observation where I will observe whether her joints are healing and whether the inflammation is reducing. Moreover, lack of depression will be determined by how happy she is which is also noticeable through observation (Daly, 2012).

The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health promotion as “The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.”

The appropriate approach for this health promotion is through an educational approach. With this type of approach, it provides knowledge as well as helps the people to gain or developed necessary skills to guide them in making an informed decision about their health behaviour (Lucas & Lloyds, 2005). This approach does not set out to persuade or motivate change in a person’s decision-making process; the promoters are simply acting as a guide in educating the people about the disease

The disease progress goes through a series of natural stages (The Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada, 2017). Health promotion interventions/preventive measures can be applied during any stage of the process. The interventions and measures are to stop disease progression; therefore, it is a critical step of health promotion. There are many collaborative actions to empower patients to make these decisions based on the best of their interest. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention are part of the collaborative actions. There are pre-extensive factors such as environment, economic, social, culture, and behavior factors which can increase ones’ risk for disease. The prevention health care is to decease or minimize these risks to hence the outcome. Primary prevention are intervention/measures that assists individuals take actions instead of preventing personal exposure to these risk factors.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) identified that health promotion was a way of equipping people to have more power enabling them to make choices in regard to improving their well-being (WHO 1986). Ewles and Simnett (2003) determine from this, that the fundamental elements of health promotion

To define health promotion, health should first be defined. There are many definitions of health, one of which is the Western Medical Model, which describes health as in the “absence of disease and illness” (Seedhouse, 2004, p1). Irvine, (2010, p2) describes it as “a challenging concept to define as it means different things

Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) is a nursing theory which integrates nursing and behavioral science factors to promote health behaviors. This paper will focus on the process which the HPM may be utilized to

The significance of health promotion to change public health behaviors cannot be ignored. Health promotion has been very crucial towards helping people consider their health behaviors in recent years and as a result, many people are more mindful of their health behaviors and lifestyle choices. Globally, majority of people are now conscious of their health and social wellbeing which are determined by several factors outside the health system. They include socioeconomic conditions, patterns of consumption associated with food and communication, demographic patterns, learning environments, family patterns, the social and cultural fabric of societies. Health promotion is more relevant today than it has ever been in addressing public health problems.

Health promotion (HP) is a multi-dimensional and complex concept which the researcher is frequently used and defined in different ways. One of the nursing roles for nurses is the promoter of health; therefore it would be useful to attempt to clarify the concept. This article develops a concept analysis is to clarify the meaning of an existing concept of HP using the process developed by Pender, Murdaugh, and Parsons (2006). The method suggested by Walker and Avant guided this concept analysis. Attributes, model cases, antecedents and consequences, and empirical references are described. The implications for further research are also described.

The World Health Organisation - WHO (2015) defines Health Promotion as fundamental discipline in disease prevention through social /environmental intervention, health education and behaviour change towards health. This description coincides with Dahlgren and Whitehead’s Social Determinants of Health (1992) where the individual’s health is not only limited to medical factors but it is largely influenced by lifestyle – rooting from its social factors from familial, societal to national level. In this regard, the vital role of the nurse as a health promotion practitioner is to uphold individual’s autonomy by increasing their knowledge about how the body functions to prevent diseases and making them aware of how the healthcare

The main purpose of health promotion is to heighten people’s motivation to strive for optimal health, while assisting them in making lifestyle modifications that will help them advance their wellbeing to an ideal state. Modifications of the unfavorable way of living can be enabled through a

Nurses implement health promotion strategies in a variety of ways. Due to the high level of credibility nurse’s have with their patients, they greatly influence their patients with their passion. By emphasizing health promotion strategies such as self-responsibility, proper nutrition, exercise and stress management, nurses plant the seeds of wellness in the minds of their patients. While ultimately, it is up to the individual to make healthy changes in their lives, the role of the nurse practitioner plays a huge role in motivating individuals to adopt healthy habits.

The health promotion model is greatly significant to nursing as it identifies and focuses on three main concepts: individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affects, and behavioral outcomes (Petiprin, 2016). Pender addresses and clearly defines each metaparadigm concept and propositions in relation to her conceptual model. Pender (2011) defines humans as biopsychosocial beings that actively seek to control their behavior that is formed by the environment which is made of social, cultural, and physical aspects where life occurs. Pender believes that the environment can be manipulated by both individuals and nursing in order to produce behaviors that optimize one’s health