History, Philosophy And Miscellaneous Works

Metadata will include access management, preservation, administrative, descriptive, technical and structural data. Much of the metadata will have to be created. The original volumes had no table of contents, index, or other description of the records. Additionally, volumes were arranged chronologically with no attention paid to document type, source, or content. In addition to author, title, publisher, and date, descriptive metadata will be expanded include keywords regarding subjects, individuals, locations, or events referenced in the document, as well as any related documents. This will be a time consuming and costly effort, but it required to maximize the value of the online data to researchers, students, teachers, etc. An index for all volumes was completed after the fact in 1909 and that index will be incorporated into a referential database behind the web page front end, rather than in the metadata itself. A complete list of metadata elements are provided in Appendix

Just like any library, ancient special libraries, also known as archives, where created to preserve and keep records of specific materials, such as business documents that were written on clay tablets at that time or papyrus scrolls that were about personal or business matters. At first, general libraries were mainly focused on providing educational materials for the adult population; however, libraries have gone through great transformations. Now-a-days, the libraries’ purpose has widened and now they focus on providing any needed information, educational or leisure materials to people of all ages and types of their communities (Rowland, Collection). Also, now public libraries have partnerships with school libraries and academic

Race to me is one issue that is staring in our face, we see it but behave as if it’s not there. I moved to America a few years ago and experienced the culture shock of the issue of race that is affecting us as people. When I first got here I was so unaware of a fact that my race was referred to as minorities. I knew not much about my history and lived amongst Jamaicans ninety percent of my life. I never stopped to think that my ancestors are originally from Africa and was placed in the Caribbean to work and build the white race. I never stopped think of the fact that I am here because my ancestor survived that ride on that transport ship from Africa to the Caribbean hundreds of years ago. I never stopped to think that I am here because my ancestors survived starvation, branding, whipping, rape, etc. My ancestor didn’t hurt anyone, my ancestors were going about their everyday way of life when the European walked in their lives and complicated it because they needed to acquire wealth that didn’t belong to them. The Europeans separated our families as if they were not living beings, overworked us as if we had no feelings, Hurt us physically to prove to our kind that they were dominant and we should stay humble. My heart hurt when I view the pictures at the back of Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness” text of young youths hands and or feet chopped off

The Digital Curation Task Force (DCTF) is charged with developing a digital curation plan for a small university archives organizationally located within the library structure. The focus of the plan is on the feasibility of building a digital repository program for the archives to provide better access to their holdings.

Melvil Dewey is the man who invented the Dewey Decimal System. He is respected, and still remembered after many years of helping many libraries in organizing. He was a very good Educator, Scholar, and Journalist. Even though he didn’t have an easy life, he still moved on and grew into the man he is now. Melvil Dewey’s idea is still used as an example for many libraries.

A major turning point in the history of early philosophical science was the controversial but successful attempt by Socrates to apply philosophy to the study of human things, including human nature, the nature of political communities, and human knowledge itself. He criticized the older type of study of physics as too purely speculative, and lacking in self-criticism. He was particularly concerned that some of the early physicists treated nature as if it could be assumed that it had no intelligent order, explaining things merely in terms of motion and matter. The study of human things had been the realm of mythology and tradition, however, so Socrates was executed as a heretic.[21]: 30e Aristotle later created a less controversial systematic programme of Socratic philosophy which was teleological and human-centred. He rejected many of the conclusions of earlier scientists. For example, in his physics the sun goes around the earth, and many things have it as part of their nature that they are for humans. Each thing has a formal cause and final cause and a role in the rational cosmic order. Motion and change is described as the actualization of potentials already in things, according to what types of things they are. While the Socratics insisted that philosophy should be used to consider the

The first way that libraries have changed is the technology that they have. In the old days, computers did not exist. People had to use a card catalog to find books. It says in the article, “Neighbors Remember Parrish Memorial Library, “There were many thousands of cards in the drawers giving information about the books and the shelf location of each one.” People took cards out of the drawer and took the cards with them to find the book. It was easier for people in the modern story. In the article,

After reading The Evolution of the Book by Frederick G. Kilgour, one can gain a deeper knowledge of the evolution of the book. A book is a physical object comprised of information whether it be stories, myths, songs, poems, and records. Moreover, the book should be transportable, and accessible. Modern day books are still seen as the codex form of the book, and this book is defined as a book bounded together consisting of written or typed information in order to store knowledge. The book is set apart from other entities such as scrolls, tablets, polyptychs, and codexes through the physical means in which the information is presented.

Cutter was already a national figure for writing a book in 1876 called Cutter’s Rules for a Printed Dictionary Catalog when he was appointed as the librarian. While working at the Boston Athenaeum, he came up with many concepts that were badly needed and are still being used today. His most important and well known formula is on the cataloging of books. The formula arranged books based on the letters of the alphabet instead of the decimal system invented by Dewey. This system became the become “...the world leading textbook on systematic dictionary cataloging...allowed for more minuteness of classification and in time would become the partial model for the Library of Congress system itself.” (Lockwood,

Authority control is a set of rules to manage the information into the database. This permits the Frisco Public Library to keep up a persistent and well-arranged book collection in a good manner. This is achieved by adding access point variants. Usual access points are Author, Title and Subject. Couple of the elements are there to make a change for these access points. Both precision and recall are tending to be higher with the authority control. Authority control is used as a reference for indexers. In the absence of authority control, indexers are committing their own choices. Therefore, different indexers are making different choices or decisions. This leads to a poor quality database. Here is the importance of authority control in the collection

“Libraries in the Ancient World” by Lionel Casson is the book that details inclusive study of libraries in the ancient world and provides the origination of the libraries to its founding and development starting in the western world from the ancient Near East to the early Byzantine period. As the history tells ancient writing pertains that there have been the foundation of the libraries and the most helping archeology remains of the Sumerians details on the idea that number of sites has laid bare library remains. Lionel Casson in the book compact the ideas of the libraries throughout the history focusing on writings and civilization beginning from the ancient Near East, Greece, Roman Empire, Alexandria, and the middle ages. Not only that Casson also relates the development and archeological facts of the ancient library systems, holdings and addresses the connection between the rise in education and literacy, also the early development of the public libraries. The authors provides us various information about the ancient libraries providing their holdings, nature of publishing in the Greek and Roman world, also the transformation of the nature of the library holdings.

Academic institutions such as the University and College tend to produce academic journal articles and other scholarly works which in the early days published and kept in the library or disseminate to other organization. As the production of this material keeps increasing the needs to have a large storage to keep all the materials became a problem for the institution. This is because some of the institution did not have a very large storage to cater the needs to keep the materials as the institution not only keep materials publish from the institution only but also from another institution. As the technologies revolve, more initiative has been taken to ensure that the scholarly works of an institution can be disseminated to various part of the world in order to share the knowledge. During the early days the information is published using printed method and the time taken to disseminate it is far too long and the cost is also very high. Other than that, it is very hard to preserve printed materials in a big number. As the institution is now using digital format in publishing their scholarly works, the process of disseminating the knowledge become easier and faster. Now days the digitization activity for materials seems to be increasing as people are now more concern about the preservation of printed materials which lead to the needs of a repository to keep and manage those materials.

shelving a book, DVDs according to the name of the author and to the alphabet, shelving the final research books according to the year e.g. 1995, 1996, 1997 etc. I was told to shelve any books from grader reader, comic, fiction, non-fiction, introductory to non-fiction book, shelved DVDs.

Once known as one of the undebatable centers of intellectual thought and process on every college and university campus, academic libraries are being unseated from their position of power and authority by the very industry they've worked years to create space and business for. In the past, journals and publishers fought for the favor of academic librarians and buyers, vying for their attention and preference when it came to stocking the vast capacity of stacks that most institutions offer. Conversely in 2017, the publishing market has begun to turn the tables on the former reign holders. In the following pages this paper will examine the shift of power between books to different resources from subscription services, e-books, and

In the aim of the universities to supply the necessary materials to their students, the idea of library management system is introduces. This involves the utilization for processing, accessing and retrieving the information that can effectively support the process of