History, Philosophy And Miscellaneous Works

Metadata will include access management, preservation, administrative, descriptive, technical and structural data. Much of the metadata will have to be created. The original volumes had no table of contents, index, or other description of the records. Additionally, volumes were arranged chronologically with no attention paid to document type, source, or content. In addition to author, title, publisher, and date, descriptive metadata will be expanded include keywords regarding subjects, individuals, locations, or events referenced in the document, as well as any related documents. This will be a time consuming and costly effort, but it required to maximize the value of the online data to researchers, students, teachers, etc. An index for all volumes was completed after the fact in 1909 and that index will be incorporated into a referential database behind the web page front end, rather than in the metadata itself. A complete list of metadata elements are provided in Appendix

Just like any library, ancient special libraries, also known as archives, where created to preserve and keep records of specific materials, such as business documents that were written on clay tablets at that time or papyrus scrolls that were about personal or business matters. At first, general libraries were mainly focused on providing educational materials for the adult population; however, libraries have gone through great transformations. Now-a-days, the libraries’ purpose has widened and now they focus on providing any needed information, educational or leisure materials to people of all ages and types of their communities (Rowland, Collection). Also, now public libraries have partnerships with school libraries and academic

Class: IDS 230 – Great Books Instructor: Professor Catherine Milton Student: Herfalyn Williams Final Essay Question “What is “Race?” Race to me is one issue that is staring in our face, we see it but behave as if it’s not there. I moved to America a few years ago and experienced the culture shock of the issue of race that is affecting us as people. When I first got here I was so unaware of a fact that my race was referred to as minorities. I knew not much about my history and lived amongst Jamaicans ninety percent of my life. I never stopped to think that my ancestors are originally from Africa and was placed in the Caribbean to work and build the white race. I never stopped think of the fact that I am here because my ancestor survived that ride on that transport ship from Africa to the Caribbean hundreds of years ago. I never stopped to think that I am here because my ancestors survived starvation, branding, whipping, rape, etc. My ancestor didn’t hurt anyone, my ancestors were going about their everyday way of life when the European walked in their lives and complicated it because they needed to acquire wealth that didn’t belong to them. The Europeans separated our families as if they were not living beings, overworked us as if we had no feelings, Hurt us physically to prove to our kind that they were dominant and we should stay humble. My heart hurt when I view the pictures at the back of Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness” text of young youths hands and or feet chopped off

The physical entity of the library is the prevailing advantage that allows books to remain relevant even though the technological convergence has occurred. While individuals have greater access to information than in the past, people, for the most part, will congregate at a place where others gathered. For this

A major turning point in the history of early philosophical science was the controversial but successful attempt by Socrates to apply philosophy to the study of human things, including human nature, the nature of political communities, and human knowledge itself. He criticized the older type of study of physics as too purely speculative, and lacking in self-criticism. He was particularly concerned that some of the early physicists treated nature as if it could be assumed that it had no intelligent order, explaining things merely in terms of motion and matter. The study of human things had been the realm of mythology and tradition, however, so Socrates was executed as a heretic.[21]: 30e Aristotle later created a less controversial systematic programme of Socratic philosophy which was teleological and human-centred. He rejected many of the conclusions of earlier scientists. For example, in his physics the sun goes around the earth, and many things have it as part of their nature that they are for humans. Each thing has a formal cause and final cause and a role in the rational cosmic order. Motion and change is described as the actualization of potentials already in things, according to what types of things they are. While the Socratics insisted that philosophy should be used to consider the

II. General Priorities and Limitations Governing Selection Forms of materials to be collected or excluded. The Library will collect materials in a variety of formats divided into three main types: print (hardcover books, paperback books, large-print books, graphic novels, newspapers, magazines, etc.), non-print (CDs, DVDs, and miscellaneous objects in the Library of Things), and electronic resources (online databases,

After reading The Evolution of the Book by Frederick G. Kilgour, one can gain a deeper knowledge of the evolution of the book. A book is a physical object comprised of information whether it be stories, myths, songs, poems, and records. Moreover, the book should be transportable, and accessible. Modern day books are still seen as the codex form of the book, and this book is defined as a book bounded together consisting of written or typed information in order to store knowledge. The book is set apart from other entities such as scrolls, tablets, polyptychs, and codexes through the physical means in which the information is presented.

Cutter was already a national figure for writing a book in 1876 called Cutter’s Rules for a Printed Dictionary Catalog when he was appointed as the librarian. While working at the Boston Athenaeum, he came up with many concepts that were badly needed and are still being used today. His most important and well known formula is on the cataloging of books. The formula arranged books based on the letters of the alphabet instead of the decimal system invented by Dewey. This system became the become “...the world leading textbook on systematic dictionary cataloging...allowed for more minuteness of classification and in time would become the partial model for the Library of Congress system itself.” (Lockwood,

Authority control is a set of rules to manage the information into the database. This permits the Frisco Public Library to keep up a persistent and well-arranged book collection in a good manner. This is achieved by adding access point variants. Usual access points are Author, Title and Subject. Couple

“Libraries in the Ancient World” by Lionel Casson “Libraries in the Ancient World” by Lionel Casson is the book that details inclusive study of libraries in the ancient world and provides the origination of the libraries to its founding and development starting in the western world from the ancient Near East to the early Byzantine period. As the history tells ancient writing pertains that there have been the foundation of the libraries and the most helping archeology remains of the Sumerians details on the idea that number of sites has laid bare library remains. Lionel Casson in the book compact the ideas of the libraries throughout the history focusing on writings and civilization beginning from the ancient Near East, Greece, Roman Empire, Alexandria, and the middle ages. Not only that Casson also relates the development and archeological facts of the ancient library systems, holdings and addresses the connection between the rise in education and literacy, also the early development of the public libraries. The authors provides us various information about the ancient libraries providing their holdings, nature of publishing in the Greek and Roman world, also the transformation of the nature of the library holdings.

When learning arithmetic, students were constantly told that they could not rely too heavily on calculators, as they would not always have one on hand in the future. Today that statement couldn’t be further from the truth. The widespread prevalence of portable electronic devices has allowed literally everyone to carry

How would you feel if you entered a library in hopes of finding the ideal book for a research paper, only to find nothing but endless rows of unlabeled sections? Perhaps you could use the computer to access the section and a name, but the effort is pointless since they sections are unidentified. To add to your disarray not only are the sections not categorized, but books are scattered among sections having no designated area.

Academic institutions such as the University and College tend to produce academic journal articles and other scholarly works which in the early days published and kept in the library or disseminate to other organization. As the production of this material keeps increasing the needs to have a large storage to

As an academic field of study however, it can be defined as …”finding material…of an unstructured nature…that satisfies an information need from within large collections…”(C. Manning et al, 2008). This kind of information retrieval, used to be limited to a few people or professional searchers, as access to computers was limited at that time while the internet was not yet available. This however is no longer the case in the developed world as most people retrieve information by themselves when they search the web. The earliest form of computerised information retrieval began in the 1940s due to an increase in the production of scientific literature and availability of computers. This however was based on author, title and key words, rather than full text searches which came later. (Cleverdon, C.W. ACM press (1991).According to Mark Sanderson and W. Bruce Croft the capability of retrieval system grew as technology developed and processor speed and storage capacity increased. As the development of these systems led to movement away from manual

Rob Kling & Geoffrey McKim April 27, 2000 Indiana University School of Library and Information Science 10th & Jordan, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA +1 812 855 5113 kling@indiana.edu, mckimg@indiana.edu