History of Engineering

These large stone structures were built as tombs for kings that died. The Egyptians who built the pyramids needed to learn the specialized skills of mathematics, geometry, engineering, and architecture, as stated in document three.

The inner center was step like and only the blocks facing the core we finished with care. The next layer was the packing blocks which were rested on the steps of the core, they were cut and place with care. Lastly, there was the casing blocks, they were layered against the packing stones. The casing blocks were made of limestone and required the most care in cutting and placing. They were made simultaneously, one layer at a time (Macaulay 11). The task of constructing the pyramids was a great on indeed, several thousand of men began to work when the blueprint was drawn up. The jobs of the men included stonecutters, surveyors, carpenters, general la-bors, mortal makers, and masons. They worked all year in ei-ther the mine or the building site. Everybody was payed with food and clothes (Macaulay

The first pyramid was built by Imhotep for the king Djoser in 2630 BC–2611 BC. The first pyramid was built over an underground chamber but extended a six-layered step pyramid 62 meters in height. This soon continued through pharaohs used years past. Large block stone transported from the Nile river by skilled and paid wage workers. Generally, farmers helped build these pyramids during the flood season when crops were low.

Advances in architecture and record keeping occurred during the Egypt civilization. In the old kingdom of Egypt, huge structures of stone called pyramids. Those who worked on the structures had to be skilled in mathematics, geometry, and architecture. The building of the pyramids required a ton of mental thinking and planning, and was a huge success for architecture advancement. Today we know much about ancient pharaohs of Egypt because of written records that were left. These records were kept in hieroglyphics. Hieroglyphics were a new form of writing invented by the Egyptians that were based on pictures. Since they were invented, we know a good deal as to what happened during the Egyptian time

The ancient Egyptians were the ones that built the pyramids and that took a lot of work. So why did the ancient Egyptians just slack and not to do it? Well because it was apart of their religion and they had to do it. They also built the Sphinx for their gods and religion. The ancient Egyptians also had big ceremonies that would take a lot of

The size, design, and structure of the pyramids reveal the skill of these ancient builders.

It was believed by Egyptians that gods slept in the Great Pyramids. Once sealed, there was no way into the pyramids; therefore, a perfect resting place for these gods. As for the labor force and time it took to build the monument, the Greek historian, Herodotus, believed the pyramid was build by "100,000 men [for about] twenty years." This project basically relieved any unemployment problems

Technology is constantly changing and evolving. Technology is something that we use in everyday life and is always being modified. In the 1800s and the early 1900s people could not rely on the internet to help them with their daily tasks. When children were in school they were not capable of doing their homework online. The school children would usually have to walk to school, even though it may be several miles away. The car was an invention that changed society. The first car was invented in 1886. The first modern use of the car didn’t occur until the early 1900s. This invention helped people get to place to place in less than half the time it would take if you were required to walk. Today we have made cars to be faster, more durable, and they also have accessories such as navigation settings. This invention inspired other people to think of ways that we could get around. In 1903 the first plane was invented. The plane is a more advanced way to travel around. Although today it is generally used for travelling long distances. Now we have commercial airlines that can carry around one hundred people. Planes have had modifications and are now much safer.

Much of the architecture of the ancient Egyptians is still standing today, 5,000 years later. There are over 80 pyramids known to have been built as tombs for the pharaohs and their queens (http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/pyramids/index.html). The three biggest pyramids that are still standing today in Giza are the most well-known of all the pyramids, and have been studied by engineers, historians and even astronomers. In order to build such amazing structures, it takes great organization and leadership. The pyramids could not have been built without a highly advanced knowledge of engineering. “Approximately 2.3 million blocks of stone (averaging about 2.5 tons each) had to be cut, transported and assembled to build Khufu’s Great Pyramid” (//www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/the-egyptian-pyramids). This quotation clearly demonstrates that building the Great Pyramid of

Each block would to have been quarried or cut, and then hauled to the work site, and eventually placed in the correct position. The Egyptians had an amazing understanding of math, which helped them plan the erection of the pyramid, but the only driving force behind them was manpower. The actual people who built the pyramids were all voluntary workers; they were not slaves contrary to popular belief.

The size, outline, and structure of the pyramids uncover the expertise of these old manufacturers. The pyramids were incredible landmarks and tombs for the rulers. The Egyptians trusted that a lord's spirit kept on managing issues of the kingdom even after his passing. To guarantee that they would keep on enjoying the gifts of the divine beings, they safeguarded the pharaoh's body through the embalmment procedure. They fabricated the pyramids to secure the pharaoh's body, the pyramid was an image of expectation, since it would guarantee the pharaoh's union with the divine beings.“The Pyramids.” Egypt: Art and Architecture, St. Petersburg Times. ,

The history of the Topographical Engineers defines and highlights many changes in the Army over the years. The resources and assets provided over the years has changed in some dynamics. Engineers have always and will always provide many needed skill sets. Engineers have been the driving force through the years for the military. It has been the engineers that provided an unexplained amount of capabilities to the battlefield. Those capabilities were not just limited to war though. The contributions of the engineers have been used on the civil side during times of peace as well. The engineers have always provided an ever evolving skill that is in broad use in multiple ways. Topographical Engineers saw many changes in the early years leading to the engineers of today. Those changes have in no way changed the mission set forth in the beginning by the Topographical Engineers, to the current mission of the Corp of Engineers today. In all those changes and restructure engineers still and will always be one of the greatest assets the Army has at its disposal.

As previously stated, Mahnken proposes that technology is not only shaped by culture, but that technology itself shapes culture. Changes in higher education prove him to be right. By the early 70’s there were over 10,000 engineers employed in the aerospace industry (Mahnken, loc. 788).

The pyramids were built as a tomb for the pharaoh. Their belief was that the top point of the pyramid was the gate for the soul to travel to the afterlife and return to earth if chosen. These tombs were built which line up with certain stars and planets.

In the deserts of Egypt lie the colossal remains of an ancient civilization. These enormous works of human endeavor are the only member of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World that time has passed down to us. These are, of course, the great pyramids of ancient Egypt. But these imposing structures were not built to impress civilization millennia down the road. The pyramids in fact had a purpose to the ancient Egyptians. While they seem very simple in nature, as they are simply four-sided pyramids with square bases, they had a meaning for those that had them built. Even by today’s standards, the pyramids of ancient Egypt were an impressive feat of engineering, due to their enormous size, both in building materials and finished product.