History of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Reconnaissance

Chemical warfare, while horrible, proved to be unwieldy and unpredictable, and relatively easy to counter. After some limited successes against unprepared opponents, the use of chemical gas had very little tactical benefit; the recognition of this limited utility is that after widespread use in 1915 - except for the short-lived effects of the introduction of mustard gas in 1917 - gas was abandoned by both sides as an effective tactic.

The first World War has been reported to be one of the most brutal wars in the history of time for many reasons. One of those reasons was strategic usage of chemical warfare. Chemical gas was used on both sides of the line, which turned out to be fatal for many. World War I was mostly fought in the trenches, where soldiers lived in deep, v-shaped holes or underground bunkers. Both sides would occupy these trenches in order to escape from the constant stream of bullets. These battles often ended in a standoff, or tie, which helped the introduction of a different, brand new style of fighting that included the use of chemicals. These chemicals had a range of

Chapter thirteen of the textbook, Biosecurity and Bioterrorism Containing and Preventing Biological Threats, by Jeffrey R. Ryan, examines a wide range of techniques, set up, to help the United States, or U.S., in becoming prepared for a potential biological terrorist attack. A portion of the techniques mentioned throughout chapter thirteen were early warning detection systems. These systems are known as the Autonomous Detection system, and the Biohazard Detection System (Ryan, 327-329). Although both these detection systems have their benefits, the one that has conveyed more consideration over the years is the Biohazard Detection

The first atomic bomb was produced in Los Alamos New Mexico and was successfully tested on July,16,1945.That led to the U.S forming the Manhattan project that began in 1940.Two years after Two german scientist Otto hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission.The atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima with an explosive force of 12,500 tons of TNT followed by another bomb landing on Nagasaki.Do you think the bomb should have been used in Japan?

"My God, what have we done?" - Robert Lewis, the co-pilot of the Enola Gay, the B-29 that dropped the first atomic bomb.

Upon approaching the town of Los Alamos, New Mexico, the first thing a visitor sees are grand vistas, and one stepped plateaus leading to the Jemez Mountains that overlook the Rio Grande Valley. It's perhaps one reason that the notable physicist Robert Oppenheimer persuaded the Army to bring the Manhattan Project to Los Alamos, which would become the main assembly plant.

Adopted by the German and allied armies, Phosgene was another gas that was used during World War 1. As a weapon, Phosgene would be more potent than Chlorine because it caused victims to cough less. Phosgene would often have delayed effects on victims. It would take 48 hours for a healthy soldier to be taken down after inhaling the gas. The white star mixture, which is a mixture of Chlorine and Phosgene, would commonly be used on the Somme. The contents of the Chlorine supplied the necessary vapers with which to carry the Phosgene.

However, they were cumbersome, the gases were hard to detect, and there were malfunctions so large scale casualties were still common. Phosgene for instance had no effects for hours after exposure and victims would not know they were exposed. One attack on February 21, 1916 against French and British soldiers with Phosgene resulted in 750,000 casualties (#Hutchinson, 2003). Additionally, certain chemicals could not be detected easily.

The threat that first responders encounter is always changing because they have to be trained to understand several different scenarios. They have to be able to respond to a regular crime scene, a natural disaster and increasingly trained now to respond to a terrorist attack. One of the biggest threats they face is the unknown because training for it is impossible because the scenario is not common and usually highly unpredictable. One of the biggest unknowns for a first responder will be when they respond to a CBRNE situation. CBRNE is a very common acronym that stands for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive. CBRNE must now be considered with the more standard traditional threats that first responders face each day

In The Nazi origins of deadly nerve gases, Sarah Everts explores the discovery of one of the most deadly chemical weapons, nerve gas. Nerve gas was unintentionally discovered by a German chemist named Gerhard Schrader while trying to produce a new insecticide. The combination of phosphorus and cyanide led to the discovery of the toxic nerve agent tabun, which interested the German military1. Soon after, the German military recruited Schrader and he began to synthesize a new nerve agent that was twice as toxic as tabun called sarin. The name of the nerve agent is an acronym composed of the last names of the scientists that help produce it: Schrader, Otto Ambros, Gerhard Ritter, and Hans-Jurgen von der Linde1. Moreover, Richard Kuhn, a Nobel

The purpose of this essay is to deal with the fact that chemical warfare should be brought back to modern warfare strategies. As Warren Rudman said, “And they will tell you unequivocally that if we have a chemical or biological attack or a nuclear attack anywhere in this country, they are unprepared to deal with it today, and that is of high urgency.” Rudman’s words are true in what they say and that we should do everything to counter-act his statement. Biological weapons are a key to outstanding success in war and therefore, I strongly suggest that chemical warfare is an effective and producible weapon tactic that can be used on today’s battlefield.

These are just a few examples of many accounts of the use of chemical and biological agents in war.

During World War I, Fritz was able to make a poisonous gas called chlorine gas. The effect of this gas was tremendous, you would inhale its vapors and

Chemical weapons originated in early World War I. They were simple grenades or mortars filled with common chemicals. These specialized grenades were popularized by the Germans and then were seen used by even the Allied Forces. They were popularized by their area of effect and useful in the trench warfare.

cruel and inhuman ways to detect harmful gases. One of these ways was the use of