Hiv, Aids, And Autoimmune Diseases

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 50,000 people are infected with HIV each year. In 2010, the most recent year for which this information is available, there were around 47,500 new HIV infections in the United States (p. 1). The population of people with HIV is diverse due to the fact that it does not discriminate. Men and women of any age,

The term Human Immunodeficiency Virus is commonly known as (HIV), which is a virus that attacks the immune system of humans by destroying the amount of CD4 cells in their bodies. Without CD4 the human body is unable to fight against diseases, which can lead to Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome known as AIDS for short. The first case of the HIV/AIDS virus in the U.S. occurred in the early 1980’s. The first spark of the virus was found in San Francisco with couple of homosexual Caucasian American males. Today African Americans account for the largest proportion of HIV and AIDS in this country, represent approximately 13% of the U.S. population, but accounted for an estimated 44% of new HIV infections in 2010(the last year a study was

HIV and AIDS have affected millions of people throughout the world. Since 1981, there have been 25 million deaths due to AIDS involving men, women, and children. Presently there are 40 million people living with HIV and AIDS around the world and two million die each year from AIDS related illnesses. The Center for Disease Control estimates that one-third of the one million Americans living with HIV are not aware that they have it. The earliest known case of HIV was in 1959. It was discovered in a blood sample from a man in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Looking further into the genetics of this blood sample researchers suggested that it had originated from a virus going back to the late 1940’s or early 1950’s. In 1999,

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) is the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is characterized by a severely compromised immune system and the occurrence of life-threatening opportunistic infections. The first cases of AIDS were documented in 1981 and the isolation of HIV from a patient was described two years later.1,2 Since then, HIV/AIDS has evolved into a global pandemic. According to a report from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS published in 2016, over 36.7 million people are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide and 1.1 million HIV/AIDS-related deaths as well as 2.1 million new infections occur annually.3 Due to major efforts to raise HIV/AIDS awareness and prevent new infections, the annual number of new infections is slowly decreasing in many regions of the world, including Western and Southern Africa.3 However, infection rates have remained relatively constant in North America in recent years and have increased by over 50% in other regions, such as Eastern Europe and Central Asia.3 Despite major advances in biomedical research, a vaccine or a cure remains elusive.

Within the United States, over 1.2 million people are living with HIV infection and about 13% of them are unaware of their infection. Additionally, it is estimated that 50,000 new HIV infections are developing each year (CDC,2013). In the year 2013, about 47,352 people were newly diagnosed with HIV infections and overall 1,194,039 have been diagnosed with AIDS (CDC, 2013). Unfortunately in the year 2012, about 13,712 people with AIDS and about 670,000 people in the United States have died overall because they were unaware of their infection which caused them to develop AIDS, the untreatable disease (CDC, 2012). In regards to a concentrated population, adolescents/adults (age 13 years and over), carry the highest risk for HIV infections (Campsmith,2010) . In the year 2006, about 1,106,400 adolescents/adults were diagnosed and living with HIV in the United States and about 232,700 individuals who were unaware of their infection and went undiagnosed

Human immunodeficiency virus, also referred to as HIV, came to the forefront of disease research in the 1980s as the disease began to spread throughout the world, eventually reaching pandemic status. HIV is a viral disease that targets the body’s immune system, and can potentially lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS. Currently there is no cure for HIV; however, there are treatments available that prolong the lives of the infected individuals and are successful in controlling the disease. Research for HIV is ongoing, and discoveries are still being made about how the disease works and functions once inside the body. In addition to research, advancements in treatment have been made, setting a precedent for more effective

In contrast, the number of individuals infected with HIV within the U.S. as of 2014 totaled to an estimated 1.2 million people (CDC, 2015). Out of these people, 14% were not aware they had been infected with the virus with one in every seven individuals conveyed as not knowing they were infected. As these acquired values were related to the data collected within the U.S. on a global scale, it was concluded that a total of 19 million individuals were unaware of their HIV status when compared to the 35 million people infected worldwide. From the time of incident reporting, the CDC has kept the epidemic of HIV infection under high surveillance (Prejean et al., 2011). As they additionally state, this has permitted researchers to gather further information relating to the many ways in which HIV infection can be impacted by gender, race, behavior, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and so forth. In the efforts of becoming familiarized with the trends HIV incidence produces, Hall et al., (2008) stated preventative measures can be identified and implemented towards the decrease in total HIV prevalence.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are complex diseases that are generally misunderstood and cast a stereotype of the people who are infected. A disease that is relatively new in comparisons to some diseases came to light as a public issue in the 1980’s and is now known around the world. HIV and AIDS attack the T-cells and CD4 cells of a person’s body which make them have symptoms similar to the flu. This disease is exactly what the name describes , an immune deficiency that lead to a lowered immune system cause a weakened body. HIV is a disease that continues to attack a person’s body and progresses until it turns in the final stage which was named AIDS. It is not a definitive progressive because not all cases of HIV will lead to AIDS, some will just maintain HIV for the rest of their life.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1983, was an early report of a new disease discovered by both French virologist Luc Antoine Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute of Paris and Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute in Washington. The virus was at first named HTLV-III/LAV which is (human T-cell lymphotropic virus-type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus) by an international scientific committee. The name was later changed to HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. Since the early 1980s, Human immunodeficiency virus was identified as a retrovirus as the cause of AIDS.1

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a range of conditions caused by the infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It is believed to have originated in Africa in the early to mid-twentieth century, mutated from related viruses in chimpanzees and the sooty mangabey monkey. In 1981 AIDS was first clinically detected in people who had used intravenous drugs and homosexual men. They exhibited symptoms of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), an unusual infection that was seen in people with extremely compromised immune systems. Not long after many of the homosexual men infected started to develop a rare skin cancer called Kaposi’ sarcoma (KS), which presents cutaneous lesions. Due to the increasing amount of PCP and KS cases that surfaced, the United States Center of Disease (CDC) established a task force in order to monitor the outbreaks. The disease went through many names, often being referred to as a disease that it was associated with. The general press used the term GIRD, which stood for gay –related immune deficiency. However, after realizing that the disease was not isolated just to the gay community and the name GIRD was misleading. The term AIDS was introduced in July of 1982 and by September of that same year the CDC was referring to the disease as AIDS.

AIDS, The full form is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immune Deficiency Virus). It is a condition in which the built in defence system of the body breaks down completely. This phenomenon is gradual but ultimately leads to total depletion of a very important cell component of the immune mechanism. Thus those who are affected are unable to combat with common diseases including even mild infections since his/her immunity is knocked out and body resistance is reduced.AIDS was recognized for the first time in the USA in 1981.In India it was identified in after 5 years in May 1986. In October 1985 the health authorities of the

HIV, which stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, belongs to a group of virus called retroviruses. HIV attacks the immune system and gradually causes greater and harmful damages. This means that without the proper care or treatment, a person who is affected by HIV is at a higher risk of developing infections and cancers than those who have a healthy immune system. HIV is an important issue in the society because according to the publications on Unlocking HIV, this infection is correlated with behaviors such as promiscuity, drug addiction, prostitution, or homosexuality. People become infected with HIV through sex,

HIV/AIDS has its start in the 1900’s. While the disease has its roots in the 20’s, the diseases became a full blown epidemic on June 5, 1981.The disease dumbfounded doctors. All a sudden, dozens of people were dying from a variety of infections. And a majority of those people were homosexual men. Back then, it people believed that HIV and AIDS was only attainable through homosexual sex. This belief spawned massive prejudice against the homosexual community. Back then,

According to the World Health Organization, 70 million people have been infected with the incurable HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). Since the epidemic began in the early 1980’s, 35 million people have died and according to 2016 statistics, 36.7 million people are still living with the HIV/AIDS virus. In the U.S., the Centers for Disease Control estimates 1.1 million people are living with HIV/AIDS with an astonishing with 1 in 7 people unaware they currently have the virus in their system, and a few finding out the disease has progressed to AIDS (“HIV/AIDS”).

The defining characteristic that differentiates the two is that HIV-2 progresses to AIDS at a decreased rate in clinical cases. There are also sub-groups within HIV-1 that geographically discriminate strains within the type (11).