Hiv And Its Effects On Society

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To be a retrovirus is not the same as a virus. HIV is a retrovirus and it is classified as this because HIV’s genetic information is being enclosed by RNA instead of DNA. HIV targets a specific cell within the immune system and those are the T cells or also known as CD4+ cells. HIV causes immune dysfunction by destroying these cells. HIV contains a glycoprotein, called gp120 that is vital for the virus to enter the T cell. It attaches to the surface, called the CD4+. As it attaches, the retrovirus’ membrane fuses to the lymphocyte cell membrane, therefore gaining entry into the cell.

Societies have been devastated by a number of epidemiological outbreaks, but few diseases have been as antagonistic as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The global transmission of this disease has been perpetuated by the ease of long distance travel and immigration (Magis-Rodriguez, 2004; Xu et al., 2014). Throughout the past 35 years the course of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as well as patterns of immigration, have changed immensely. Given the increase in both HIV and immigration, specifically in North Carolina (NC), this dissertation will focus mostly on changes, concerns, and strengths pertaining to the screening and treatment for HIV among Latino immigrants in NC. The

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects the human wellbeing by attacking the body’s immune system which is the natural defense system in the human body to resist infections. When the immune system is being compromised, the body becomes less capable of fighting diseases, allowing the body to become more susceptible to infections. Different from other viruses that the body can get rid of, HIV will remain in the body for life (Wright and Carnes, 2016). HIV works by attacking the CD4, which assists the immune system to resist infections. If not treated the virus decreases the number of T-cells in the body, thus making the person’s immune system highly prone to infections or infection-related cancers (Wright and Carnes, 2016). After the body’s immunity is actively depleted, therefore allowing opportunistic infections to invade the body, the patient will be approaching the final stage of HIV, also known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), quickly (Wright and Carnes, 2016).

The first cases of AIDS that were reported in the United States began in the early 1980s. Today, more than 1.1 million people are living with HIV. In response to this HIV epidemic, at least 35 states have implemented HIV-specific criminal laws that penalize HIV-positive people for exposing others to the virus. These laws impose criminal penalties to HIV positive people that knowingly and potentially expose others to the virus. The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act, also known as the CARE Act, provides states with funds for AIDS treatment and care. In 1990, the CARE Act required every state to certify that its “criminal laws were adequate to prosecute any HIV-infected individual who knowingly exposed another person to HIV.” Criminal laws regarding potential HIV exposure vary largely from state to state. Some federal legislation addresses the criminal penalties for intentional exposure such as through blood donation. CDC and Department of Justice researches found that, “ by 2011, a total of 67 laws explicitly focused on persons living with HIV had been enacted in 33 states… In 24 states, laws require persons who are aware that they have HIV disclose their status to sexual partners and 14 states require disclosure to needle-sharing partners.” The criminal laws vary as to what behaviors are criminalized or result in additional penalties. The criminal statutes regarding intentional exposure to AIDS for Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Alabama ,Georgia, and

The Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV and AIDS gravely reduces a person’s immune system allowing them to be more susceptible to serve infections. At the end of 2009, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated 1,148,200 people over the age of 13 in the United States were infected with HIV. The CDC estimates that the incidence every year is 50,000 people. (2) The main treatment therapy is highly active antiretroviral therapy (HARRT). This therapy utilizes nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors to prevent replication of HIV. This extends the latency period of HIV,

The first determinant of health related to African American female population in the 19132 zip code pertains to policies. Polices for this population include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionals offices or clinics. Other programs such as AIDS Fund and AVERTing HIV and AIDS provide information on locations on where testing can be done. AVERTing HIV and AIDS also provides information on Needle and Syringe Programs that are available in the community.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or HIV, is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), and is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. AIDS HIV/AIDS deteriorates a person 's ability to fight infections. It is contracted through unprotected sex or needle sharing. An HIV test checks finding. Medications may subdue the virus and delay the onset of AIDS. HIV/AIDS has had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source clear-sightedness. HIV/AIDS cannot be cured but it can be treated, it requires a medical diagnosis, and lab test. (According to 2005-2015 WebMD, “HIV/AIDS Health Center”)

The emergence of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the early 1980s initiated widespread global panic, but not every nation took action to combat the pandemic. Control of this relatively young disease process has been addressed in different ways in countries worldwide. Depending on the cultures of the region or the political system in place, some have made tremendous strides to reduce infection

HIV, the virus which develops into AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), is one of the world’s largest health concerns. The first cases were discovered in 1981. Now, about 35 years later, there are over 36.9 million people living with the disease (UNAIDS 1). Cases have been reported in all regions of the world. The majority of those living with HIV/AIDS, and those at greatest risk for contracting the disease, have limited to no access to education, prevention, care and treatment. There also is still no cure for the disease. Despite challenges faced by those trying to develop techniques for prevention, global efforts have been developed to try to curtail the spread of the disease and prevent as many new cases as possible. The number of AIDS related deaths each year has declined, showing that efforts for prevention are making a difference. In addition, the number of people with HIV receiving treatment has increased tenfold from 1.4 million in 2014 to over 15 million in March of 2015 (UNAIDS 1). This increase in the numbers of those being treated reflects the success that public safety programs have had when it comes to spreading knowledge of the disease and providing assistance to those infected. Both of these, as well as numerous other interventions and vaccine research, are key factors when it comes to how the U.S. Government and other public safety divisions are approaching the war on AIDS over the last 30 plus years and moving forward. The HIV/AIDS epidemic is being

HIV/AIDS is a devastating disease that has predominated in Africa due to the long incubation period of the virus, poverty, sexual promiscuousness, urbanization, trading routes, lack of knowledge, medical advances (use of needles, blood transfusion), and gender inequalities. Although the government denied the existence of HIV/ AIDS for many years, they have begun working towards various solutions such as the ABC (Abstinence, Be faithful, and Condom use) method and United States initiatives like PEPFAR (President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief). However, there is still more work to be done. Healthcare policies should further HIV prevention interventions, such as providing more access to testing, encouraging behavioral changes (e.g. condom use), and establishing programs that reach and empower women within a patriarchal society. Strengthening the African health system will ultimately reside in strong national leadership and governance in resource-limited settings to improve access and health outcomes for HIV/AIDS patients.

When it comes to health issues, there is an array of them that are responsible for individual’s death. It is a fact that the United States, as well as other countries worldwide, face different causes of death that are a product of human behavior. In this case, HIV/AIDS, which is well-known as a human immunodeficiency virus has been a major concern for society and public health due to the risk factors that contribute to the transmission of such disease, and also for “ having profound social, political, psychological, and economic consequences on the community” (Peterson, 1998). Even though, HIV/AIDS represents a threat to public health due to the lack of cured, public health has addressed the issue by implementing preventive effective intervention strategies, having a positive impact on the population.

HIV and AIDS has not only physical effects on the body, but social effects as well. People infected HIV and AIDs have different experiences of the world, compared to others infected by other illnesses. People living with HIV or AIDs have different social lives due to the stigma attached to these diseases, which in turn affects their mental health. People infected with HIV/AIDs are at higher risk of mental disorders, because of the stigma attached, as well as social isolation.

HIV, which stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, belongs to a group of virus called retroviruses. HIV attacks the immune system and gradually causes greater and harmful damages. This means that without the proper care or treatment, a person who is affected by HIV is at a higher risk of developing infections and cancers than those who have a healthy immune system. HIV is an important issue in the society because according to the publications on Unlocking HIV, this infection is correlated with behaviors such as promiscuity, drug addiction, prostitution, or homosexuality. People become infected with HIV through sex,

Public policy has always been an integral part of society that shapes the way we live and interact with the people around us. They are usually well intentioned with the goal of promoting order and safety for its citizens, but sometimes that is not the case. With the emergence of HIV/AIDS in the United States, laws have been created in order to decrease the incidence rate but has instead increased stigma around HIV/AIDS. This results in people with HIV being discriminated against by not only their peers but the government that is responsible for keeping them safe. This blatant, federally endorsed, discrimination discourages those with HIV to seek out the appropriate care that they need due to possible punishment. In the case of Nick Rhoades, the fact that he did not disclose his HIV status despite taking precautions meant that he almost sat in prison for 25 years as well as register as a sex offender (Warnke). Since the beginning of the epidemic, people affected by HIV endure chastisement, exclusion from services and an assumption of guilt in various settings and for practices that are, for those who are negative for HIV, insignificant.