Hodgkins Illness Research Paper

Mishel’s Uncertainty of Illness Theory is a middle-range theory (Black, 2014). This means the theory is not overly broad or narrow. The theory was developed from studying men with prostate cancer who were watchfully waiting for the advancing signs of their disease (Black, 2014). The theory has three main components, which incorporate: the antecedents of uncertainty, impaired cognitive appraisal, and coping with uncertainty in illness (Neville, 2003). The antecedents of Mishel’s theory are the stimulus frame, cognitive capacities and event congruence (Neville, 2003). The stimulus frame concerns three parts including: symptom pattern, event familiarity and event congruency (Neville, 2003). Symptom pattern may be when symptoms of

Acknowledging how the patient perceives illness and health, helps in understanding the beliefs and how they relate with preventing

When a person feels sick and takes action with the end goal of characterizing that sickness and looking for help from it this is known as illness behavior. An illustration of this is looking for therapeutic treatment versus overlooking or self-medicating. It is likewise monitoring substantial changes in your body, which is imperative. At the point when individuals have no experience and or know-how to continue, they seek medical care from specialists.

Lymphomas are one kind of malignant tumor and they often start in locations such as the lymph nodes. Lymphoma is the third fastest growing cancer in the world and affects people of all ages. Lymphoma is a common cancer that has specific symptoms and treatments.

There are at least 30 different entities referred to as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and they range from the indolent to the very aggressive. Taken together, the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are the fifth most common cancers in the United States and the fifth leading cause of death due to cancer 1. More than 356,000 cases are diagnosed annually with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), however, mortality cases are high as well, evaluated as 192,000 2. NHL is defined as a combination of malignancies originating from T- and B-lymphocytes in the lymph nodes 3, 4. The invasion is not only restricted to the lymphatic system but the central nervous system, the skin, the bone marrow and adrenal glands are commonly affected as well 5, 6. Numerous factors are associated with the progression of NHL as organs

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of lymphoma, which is universal term for tumors that develop in the lymphatic system. It is also called non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin represents for about 90% of all lymphomas, and the remaining 10% are indicating to as Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas have an extensive variety of histological appearances and clinical components, which can make diagnosis hard. Lymphomas are not uncommon, and most doctors, independent of their and expertise, will presumably have gone over a patient with

Scientists have found a number of risk factors that may influence the probability of someone getting Hodgkin’s disease, but it is still not clear how these factors increase the risk (4). For example, some researchers think that infections with the Epstein-Barr virus may sometimes cause damage to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the B lymphocytes, which leads to the creation of Reed-Sternberg cells (4). DNA is the set of instructions sent to the genes that dictates cell functions. Some genes are responsible for controlling when cells grow, divide, and die (4). Genes that assist the cells ability to grow, divide, and stay alive are known as oncogenes (4). Genes that slow down cell division or cause cells to die at the proper

Cancer is defined as the disease caused by an uncontrollable division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. The particular cancer that I️ researched is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) which is a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the lymph system. (Lymphoma) The lymph system is a part of the immune system. Lymph tissue is found all throughout the body; therefore, Lymphoma can begin from almost any part of the body since the major sites of lymph tissue are the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, thymus, digestive tract, and adenoids and tonsils. (What) “In most cases, it is not known what causes Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.” (Risk) Some risk factors of NHL are beyond our control such as age and gender but usually they are acquired rather than inherited. (Risk) NHL begins in white blood cells called lymphocytes. (What) There are two main types of lymphocytes: B lymphocytes ( B cells) and T lymphocytes (T cells). B cells normally create antibodies to

Lymphomas are considered malignant nodes. Studies have shown there are two different types of lymphomas; Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Both lymphomas are one in the same; the only difference being Non-Hodgkin’s disease first manifestation begins with a large, painless node. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is categorized by malignant cells found in the lymph nodes. The first common sign is normally a localized lymph node found in the neck region (VanMeter& Huebert, 2014). Later, as the disease progresses it attacks the other nodes and organs via the lymphatic system. The manifestations that are accompanied by Hodgkin’s lymphoma are semi-large painless, but nontender node. Other, later signs and symptoms include frequent infections, due

Researchers are still trying to understand the etiology of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.1 Researchers have identified certain risk factors that increase the chance of getting the disease. For example, infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) increases the risk of getting Hodgkin lymphoma; however, the overall risk of getting Hodgkin’s is still small even with a previous EBV infection. It is unclear what role EBV plays in the development of Hodgkin’s lymphoma since many people are infected with EBV each year but very few actually develop Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Moreover, one in three patients with Hodgkin’s have EBV in the malignant Reed- Sternberg cells, which are the cancer cells involved in Hodgkin disease. However, others with the disease have no evidence

Stage 1: Hodgkin is discovered in only single lymph node part or lymphoid organ for example the thymus. Here cancer is located only in 1 area of an only organ outside the lymph system.

Risk factors basically increase an individual probability of forming cancer. Cancer is not cause by risk factors directly; however risk factors usually play a role in the growth of the cancer. There are individuals who have many risk factors, but may not ever come across cancer. Then you have those with no risk factors that form cancer. Regardless, knowing your risk factors can be important in your life and your lifestyle. Talking with a primary care physician can help in making better health choices.

Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a cancer that presents as a rare lymphoid neoplasm and primarily involves the lymph nodes.3 It is associated with a good prognosis and survival rates. As a Physical Therapist, it is good to be aware of the signs and symptoms, and their implications for therapy.

1- Is an infection can cause non-Hodgkin lymphoma in women whose their age between 40-50?

Diagnosis: Knowing the futility of treating the symptoms, a clinician begins with a list of observable symptoms and uses cause and effect to seek out the underlying common cause for all of them, the “disease” or core problem.