Homeland Security Grant Proposal

The components of DHS are Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Border Patrol, Transportation Security Administration, and the U.S. Customs Service and the last federal agency the Secret Service (Oliver, W. M., Marion, N. E., & Hill, J. B. 2015). These components will help secure the protection of the people of the United States from terrorist attacks and any other disasters such as the preparation for a nuclear attack that possible deals with chemical, radiologist, and biologist or any other man-made material. The Department of Homeland goal is to also focus more on how to help the people to prepare for emergency preparedness and how to properly response if any act occurs and to also know how to properly recover

After September 11, 2001, the Department of Homeland of Security was formed in response to the terrorist attacks. Out of the birth of the agencies formed, the National Incident Management System (NIMS) was created to allow clear allocation of resources and a systematic approach to emergency management. The system can be effective in many responses where many levels of government and response are imminent to respond to the disaster. Many of these agencies are emergency management, police, fire, health, and EMS from all levels of government. NIMS can be used on any type of incident and of any size or scope in nature.

The Homeland Security Grant Program and its sub­grants have produced results that would otherwise have been hard, if not impossible, to achieve, particularly within the restrictions of the tight SLTT budgets that HSGP, SHSP, UASI, and OPSG all sought to have an operational effect. The ways in which these grant programs have been constructed, however, has produced difficulties and restrictions that many SLTTs have found both frustrating and limiting. By considering the positive outcomes achieved, as well as the challenges and the obstacles facing potential grantees, any future effort by the Congress to expand or duplicate HSGP can be better informed.

The various local, state, and federal emergency management systems of the United States suffered a crude awakening in the decade of the 2000s. Systems expected to hold up were put to the test and failed to prepare for disaster, mitigate the damage, and, in some instances, actually hampered responses in life-or-death situations. Worse, all failings were highlighted in an age of global communication and mass media, on display first whether a man-made incident like September 11th attacks or natural disaster like Hurricane Katrina. The decade found the complacent government failing to maintain modern emergency management practices, stimulating began a series of doctrinal upgrades and training improvements. Yet, no matter the bureaucracy, writings, or money thrown at a problem, the first responder to the incident has and will continue to influence the outcome. While the individual responder stands as the most important part of

Ensuring Resilience to Disasters has more tasking’s than another mission and involves many different agencies to accomplish those tasks. The four tasks are to mitigate hazards, enhance preparedness, ensure effective emergency response, and rapidly recover. The main agency that is responsible for these tasking’s is FEMA. FEMA’s mission is to “reduce the loss of life and property and protect communities nationwide from all hazards, including natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters” (FEMA, 2017, p.2). FEMA works with federal and State services to assist them in accomplishing their goals. They also assist local services by assisting in setting up emergency management agencies (LEMA) and set guidance for Emergency Operations Planning (EOP). EOP’s are “plans that provide an overview of the jurisdiction’s preparedness and response strategies. It describes expected hazards, outlines agency roles and responsibilities, and explains how the jurisdiction keeps the plan current.” (FEMA, 2010,

The Department of Defense is also part of DHS; this department controls the military in its totality whether its use is foreign or domestic, and DHS protects our nation 's borders. Having this said, or nations Immigration and Naturalization services are also under the supervision of the Department of Homeland Security. The department DHS has two different functions one of which is the enforcement, and the other is the services, in this case, l ICE and CIS (as previously explained abbreviations will be Further described in the Paper).

Prior to the catastrophic 9/11 attacks The Department of Homeland Security was known as only Homeland security. Homeland security initially was defined as, “A concerted national effort to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States, reduce America’s vulnerability to terrorism, and recover from and minimize the damage of attacks that do occur.” (McEntire, 2009) In response to what marked the United States forever, the September 11 attacks, the federal government then procreated what is now known as The Department of Homeland Security. The Department of Homeland Security also known as DHS is now known as a, “Newly created organization which aims to prevent terrorist attacks or react to them effectively; it is also comprised of over 170,000 employees from 22 federal agencies and

The CHD Preparedness and Support Unit in the Bureau of Preparedness and Response (BPR) shares the Florida Department of Health (DOH) responsibility for ensuring the state’s public health and health care systems are prepared to respond to disasters and other public health emergencies. Therefore, the Unit is responsible for promoting and supporting preparedness activities at the local level by developing, evaluating and providing technical assistance for accomplishing the CHD Expectations; serving as liaison and point of contact for questions, concerns and needs related to CHD Preparedness, and by seeking and allocating funds locally according to cooperative agreements and statutory authority.

The DHS’s overall mission is to, “…ensure a homeland that is safe, secure, and resilient against terrorism and other hazards.” (U.S. Department of Homeland Security

The Department of homeland Security (DHS) is a body responsible for maintaining the security and safety of the United States from attack by terrorists and other possible disasters. DHS was created after the attack by terrorists on 11th September 2001 and it has immensely focused on federal preparations of dealing with terrorism while at the same time trying to manage other important duty which includes ensuring security of the borders and taking part in customs and emergency management practices. Even with all these it is doing, the department has not escaped from accusation for having a fixation on terrorism which has resulted in substantial criticism and controversy, which also contains accusations of violating civil liberties (Perl 2004).

The NRF describes the roles and responsibilities not only of public-sector agencies but also of the private sector, NGOs, and individuals and households. The extent to which a community can endure and survive a major disaster or terrorist attack reflects how its emergency plan was constructed; using the four classical phases as a guide. The National Response Framework describes not only how the Federal government organizes itself to respond to natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and other catastrophic events but also the importance of the whole community in assisting with response efforts. The intended audience for this document is individuals, families, communities, the private and nonprofit sectors,

This integration of FEMA into the DHS was more than just window dressing because this allowed true integration between other DHS units. Prior to 9/11 and when FEMA was an independent agency, the traditional Emergency Management system focused on four mission areas; preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation (Gerber, 2016). After integrating into DHS, the Emergency Management system focused on the traditional four mission areas and added protection as the fifth mission area (Gerber, 2016). In 2003, these five mission areas were incorporated into Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) – 8 and provided authority for the development of the National Preparedness Goal and, for the first time, defined “first responders” and their role in the early stages of an incident (Office of the Press Secretary, 2003). These are key points in how the Federal Government took a strong leadership role and provided guidance on how public safety entities would prepare and respond to threat incidents in a post-9/11 US.

The United States has numerous divisions, however the stand out that attempts to guarantee the wellbeing is the Executive Department of Homeland Security. Built up in 2002 by the Homeland Security Act, this division attempts to counteract, get ready, identify, react, and recoup from terrorist movement. Of the numerous individuals from the president's bureau, the Secretary of Homeland Security is the leader of the this division. The Department of Homeland Security's employment is to helps the fitting organizations with insight, gathering endeavors, and disseminating data. Alongside these employments, it additionally surveys, assesses and keep up government security techniques, and crisis reaction arranges (Mockaitis).

This is made possible by giving people in the country lessons on how to respond in case of a disaster or any terror attacks. At times such as the 9/11 terror attacks, there were volunteer firemen, police, and medics who were involved in responding to the emergencies. The department is tasked to outsource for international and domestic intelligence for the FBI. The information is used to control and mitigate the consequences that may arise. Homeland Security ensures that there are sufficient critical infrastructure and enough perimeter protection. The infrastructure is called upon during any form of attacks. During the 9/11 terror attacks, the country learned a lesson because there lacked good preparedness against terrorism and there was need to avail enough infrastructure.

Homeland security can be seen as a loosely based term as it is still a relatively new area of the United States strategy. Since its creation, post September 11, 2001, there has been a plethora of additions and revisions. The homeland mission lies not only within a specific agency, but demands collected participation from U.S. agencies and foreign entities to remain strong, efficient and innovative. One can examine homeland security as having the responsibility of maintaining and protecting the United States by keeping focus within the U.S. while homeland defense is responsible for maintaining the U.S. by keeping focus outside the U.S. Homeland security and homeland defense are different, but both can assist each other in certain aspects. The following paragraphs will compose of accurate definitions regarding homeland security, homeland defense and in end will discuss an in depth summary of the critical infrastructure program. These mentioned areas each have a requirement to be treated as specific in nature in order to not sacrifice their specific definition.