Hormonal Therapy Case Study Essay

PAST MEDICAL/SURGICAL HISTORY: As above. SOCIAL HISTORY: Status post heavy smoking, 50+-pack-year history. He quit 10 years ago. Status post alcohol abuse, quit 3 or 4 years ago. He lives by himself and no longer drives but has 2 daughters here in Miami who take him where he needs to go. FAMILY HISTORY: Patient’s wife died 14 years ago of COPD due to lifelong smoking. Brother has diabetes mellitus. Unremarkable family history otherwise. REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: No fever, no nausea, no vomiting. Patient has incontinence of bowel. No shortness of breath, no chest pain, no palpitations. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Well-developed, well-nourished white male who is alert and oriented x3. Wears bilateral hearing aids. Afebrile with blood pressure 130/70. NECK: No carotid bruits. LUNGS: Clear to auscultation bilaterally. HEART: S1, S2 normal. No murmur. No S3 or S4. ABDOMEN: Soft, nontender. No arterial bruits. No masses, no organomegaly. EXTREMITIES: No edema. No pulses present in the lower extremities. The right great toe is absent. The left great toe shows a 2 x 1 cm deep ulcer with redness around the toe with pus extruding. PLAN 1. Get consult with Dr. Beth Brian, Infectious Disease. 2. Follow up with Dr. Hirsch, Orthopedics. (Continued)

As described before, an endocrine disruptor is a chemical with the potential to alter hormone action within the body. When in the body, these components have the potential to interact with a multitude of hormones, signaling disturbance of homeostasis. Many ubiquitous environmental chemicals, including natural chemicals and numerous artificial chemicals have the potential to be harmful, but there is “evidence for two environmental agents: ionizing radiation and the estrogen agonist diethylstilbestrol (DES)” (Birnbaum, & Fenton 2009). Scientist have confirmed this by analyzing the impact of ionizing radiation’s is through diagnostic assessment of pregnant women. Doll and Wakeford (1997), scientist from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, concluded that “low doses of X ray to the fetus, especially during

Figure 2: The figure below illustrates how the interior structure of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus facilitate for hormone secretion. The pituitary gland consists of the posterior and anterior lobe. It is lined with

PSA test -- a blood test measuring the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Prostate cancer cells make higher amounts of PSA, so measuring PSA levels may help find cancer while it is still microscopic. However, finding higher levels of PSA does not always mean that a man has cancer. Benign conditions such as an enlarged prostate can also raise PSA levels.

The simple cuboidal tissue can be found, lining various ducts and glands, within the walls of the renal tubules, the surface of ovaries, the lining of the urinary system (nephrons) and parts of the thyroid

The old adage that age is a bliss may not be necessarily true in light of the complexities that the elderly face in their old age. Fundamentally, the elderly tend to experience a range of changes in their bodies as they age. From the onset of menopause to the rest of the person’s life, the elderly continually experience changes in their bodies. Some of these changes cause them to be increasingly irritable while others cause them to develop some depression related ailments. The elderly tend to be frail in their musculoskeletal structures as their joints start wearing out, thereby causing them to develop osteoporosis. One may not adequately comprehend the extent to which these changes impact the elderly’s life until a face-to-face interaction

If you living a healthy life it is pretty simple to spot signs that you have hormonal imbalance. Hormones play an important role in ensuring that your body performs all the functions well.

The prostate is a gland in the form of a chestnut, located behind the pubis and in front of the rectum, between the bladder and the lower part of the perineum (the area which separates the pelvic of external genital organs), and through it a part of the urethra in which flow both ejaculatory duct and prostatic bubble. The tissue of the prostate is composed of muscle fibers and glands that secrete discharged into the urethra (the liquid constitutes the largest part of the sperm and allows greater mobility of sperm).

The prostate is a walnut sized and shaped gland that is wrapped around the urethra, the tube that connects the bladder to the penis and carries the urine

Many transgender individuals undergo hormone therapy to facilitate their transition from female to male (FtM) or male to female (MtF). Hormone therapy carry potential side effects that require unique screening, education and management. We as healthcare provides have a responsibility to be informed and have an understanding of these unique situations that can make them vulnerable to certain events and increased risks.

Hormone replacement therapy is medications that contain containing female hormones that replace hormones the body no longer makes after menopause this used to be the standard treatment for women suffering with hot flashes and other menopause symptoms. Hormone therapy (as it's now called) was also thought to have the long-term benefits of preventing heart disease and possibly dementia (http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/in-depth/hormone-therapy/art-20046372?pg=1).

When most of us think of the benefits of hormone therapy, we think about replacing estrogen in women as they get older and reach the stage of menopause. This type of medical management can help many women overcome and avoid some of the negative effects of getting older while resolving many of the annoying and downright painful symptoms related to reduced and depleted hormone levels as they age.

A review of his medical records indicates that he suffers from residual weakness resulting from his last CVA. He has had progressive functional declined to been total care with all ADLS with all this needs anticipated. As a result of his weakness he is bedbound and has contracted extremities. He also suffers from co-morbidities of HTN-poorly controlled, diabetes mellitus-chronic, controlled with medication, Parkinson's disease that is advanced and is progressive. He also has a history of aspiration pneumonia; he was treated approximately a month ago for respiratory infection.

The peripheral zone of the prostate constitutes 70% of the glandular tissue. This zone covers the posterior and lateral aspects of the prostate. The peripheral zone is the area that

Behavarior Therapy is a fairly common modality that uses concepts like reinforcement and consequences to treat symptoms such as phobias and different types of anxiety, it is also based on the principles and procedures of Scientific Method, it is also focuses with the client’s current problems and the factors influencing them. Behaviorally oriented therapists tend to be active and directive and to function as consultants and problem solvers. Behavior therapist rely deeply on empirical evidence about the effectiveness of the techniques that they will going to use with their clients. These are some of the techniques that use in Behavior therapy, the first is Reinforcement(Operant & Classical conditioning) next is systematic desensitization, this is very specific therapeutic technique that used for Fears or intense anxiety around a specific object, the object of the fear can be a person, a situation, or event, next is Vivo techniques and they can be divided into two categories, graduated and intense, in graduated the client moves toward the object of fear while the intense type would experience the object of fear at all once.