How Can You Ensure That You Are Giving Learners The Best Chance?

Listening is ‘Not an attempt to understand something that is being said’ but ‘Just an attention to the activity of sounds’

Describe the central focus and the essential literacy strategy for comprehending OR composing text you will teach in the learning segment.

As Sole describes in her book, Making Connections: Understanding Interpersonal Communication, ” Listening involves hearing, but it is much more than just the physiological act of your ears perceiving a sound and transmitting the auditory sensation to your brain. Listening is a complex psychological process that can be defined as the process of physically hearing, interpreting that sound, and understanding the significance of it. (Sole,K. 2011)

To become a strong reader, the students must develop skills in all six components of the reading - phonological awareness, phonics, oral language, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Now, let see how interdependent they are. First, fluency is considered to be bridge recognition and comprehension. Fluency readers have the ability to read at a suitable rate of speed for their grade level. This ability will them to focus on students can focus on the meaning of the words rather than on decoding the words. With the background knowledge, the students have the ability to manipulate sound of the language. This called phonological awareness skills which help the student to make a connection between sounds and the words. Also, learning to make a

Define “listening.” 3 points. Listening is defined in the Interpersonal Communications book as “a complex process of selecting, attending to, creating meaning from, remembering, and responding to verbal and non-verbal messages. List the six steps of effective listening as discussed in class.

Listening – being able to listen to others, recognise emotions in others’ (tone of voice), make

    What makes someone a good listener?In the textbook Looking Out Looking In, “A good listener pays attention to paralanguage, facial expression, and a host of non verbal cues”. Listening is defined as “to hear something with thoughtful attention, give consideration” (Merriam-Webster). Yet listening can also be defined

The ability to listen well is an important tool for understanding others. Sadly, very few people know how to listen well. In fact, most people can think of only one or two good listeners in their lives. Listening is not simply agreeing - it is much more. Good listeners are able to better understand and respond to others, complete assignments accurately, settle disagreements before they escalate, and establish rapport with difficult people.

Listening is to coherent speaking as reading is to effective writing. English and all other language irrespective of nation or dialect is a totality of four skills: Listening, reading, writing, speaking. Underwood (1989) simplified the definition of listening to "the activity of paying attention to and trying to get meaning from something we hear" (p. 1). Mendelsohn (1994) defines listening comprehension as ―the ability to understand the spoken language of native speakers.''

1). Define bottom-up and top-down reading strategies. Be sure to give three examples of each strategy. Top- down is the process of understanding the whole picture. This means that the reader does not actually read the text word for word, but instead he uses his prior knowledge to fill up the gaps. The reader experience and his language cognitive abilities allow him to understand the the sentence by looking at keywords that would provide him with enough information based on his prior knowledge to decode the whole sentence. this technique requires some sort of appropriate proficiency level to be efficient which can be best applied for intermediate and advanced students. Bottom-up is when the reader tries to understand the small details starting by the smallest to the largest meaningful part of the language starting by letters, clauses, sentences, and then phrases. After that, the reader will connect these details and apply it to the text. this technique usually used with beginner learners. Examples for top down: ●

Listening is more complex, and it encourages one to analyze and think about an idea, rather than to simply accept it (or “hear” it). Hearing is a skill that is beneficial for every aspect of life. As long as we have our ability to hear, we will always perceive different sounds, music, and voices. Listening, however, is beneficial to us in specific instances. It is important for us to attain good listening skills in education, the work force, and in our relationships with others in order to succeed. Good listening in education will bring about confident participation in class discussions; good listening in the workplace will lead to cooperation and good teamwork among colleagues; good listening in relationships is healthy and positive, for it is important to hear what an individual has to say in order to know how they feel.

However, the second method being discussed in this paper, the whole language approach, focuses much of its attention on making sure the student understands and enjoys what he or she is reading. Whole language instruction occurs when a student acquires language rather than learning it through direct instruction (Brooks 35-36). This method is more child centered than teacher dominated, because the objective is for the student to learn how to read through talking and doing rather than through passive listening. Unlike phonics, whole language uses a variety of ways to give students the opportunity to interact with the text they are reading. Questioning, discussing, problem-solving, listening, writing, drawing, and dramatizing are among the ways students interact with text. Students are also encouraged to implement simple strategies while reading such as: reading the sentence and guessing what word will come next, looking at the picture on the page to help figure out the sentence, and also rereading the sentence for clarification. This method also does a good job in allowing the students to engage in text at their own speed and often in their own ways (36).

Listening is more than just hearing. The process of listening involves receiving and constructing meaning, and responding to verbal and/or nonverbal messages. In other words, listening is not always easy and being a good listener is all about developing listening skills. To receive messages appropriately we have to listen actively. Active listening can be broken down into three important skills; first of all you have to reflect the feelings that the person is communicating, secondly reflect the content that they are communicating and finally ask good, meaningful questions.

Listening can be described as children’s first contact with language and also provides the basis for other language forms. It is seen as the most used of the language forms and is called the “orphan” of all the language forms. One of the important aspects of listening in the second language classroom is the input it provides for the learner. It is believed that learning cannot begin if input is not understood at the correct level.

This paper is intentionally made to show the comparison between oral language and reading comprehension. Oral language and reading comprehension are both essential to every individual. All of us had undergone oral language when we are still young and as it develops and as we grow and mature, it enables us to be more knowledgeable and prepares us to a more needed comprehension in reading. This two are significant and are interrelated to each other.