How Depression And Attention Deficit Is Associated With Sleep Duration

Adolescents today face a widespread chronic health problem: sleep deprivation. Research shows that getting enough sleep is a biological necessity. Sleep is essential for a person’s health and wellbeing, according to the National Sleep Foundation (NSF). Teens are among those least likely to get enough sleep; while they need on average 9 1/4 hours of sleep per night for optimal performance and health and brain development, teens average fewer than 7 hours per school night, and most report feeling tired during the day (Nationwide Childrens, 2003). The root of the problem is early school start times.

There is a good chance that I will be working with adolescents and so sleep is a very important concept for me to keep in mind. If they didn’t a good night sleep by not getting nine to ten

Lack of sleep contributes to many problems for teenage students. Students who start their school day at 7:30 or 8:00 am are not as well rested as those who start their school day at 9 am. Students suffering from sleep deprivation have higher absences from school, more tardiness, lower grades, and they are less happy. They are also at risk for a lot of other problems. Lack of sleep can affect learning ability and it can even affect graduation rates. Sleep deprived students risk their safety and the safety of others when they get into a car to drive because sleep deprived students are also more likely to be involved in early morning car accidents. Schools might say students need to go to bed earlier, but the studies show that doesn’t help as much as one would think. The reason? Earlier bedtime doesn’t help because a teens’ natural sleep cycle starts later in the evening and their natural time to wake up is later in the morning than when 80% of the schools in the United States start their school day. An

Not getting enough sleep is a huge problem among students because it affects their growth and their ability to learn. According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids ages 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 p.m. or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had nodded off at school. This is not efficient. Therefore regarding that, there are a couple of recommendations for changes that could be made at Voorhees Middle School to adjust to students' sleep patterns.

Numerous dimensions of sleep are capable of predicting significant health outcomes. Inadequate sleep is a frequently explored area within research and respective associations have been drawn in regards to its effect on both mental and physical health (Kroese, Evers, Adriaanse, Ridder, 2016). Digdon and Howell (2008) note procrastination to be the inclination to postpone task commencement or conclusion, wavering actions, or the demonstration of insufficient time allotment for the accomplishment of tasks. Therefore, opting to go to bed later than primarily intended with no external influence is termed bedtime procrastination (Kroese., et al. 2016).

The purpose of this research is to explore the sleep deprivation epidemic currently affecting teenagers across the country. A study was conducted through the use of survey research on a group of students at Knightdale High School of Collaborative Design which asked questions regarding their current sleeping habits, and its affect on their academic performance. Questions considering other outside factors contributing to the lack of sleep of students were also included. 271 students participated in the survey spanning grade levels 9 to 12. The results of the study were that the majority of the students did not get the widely recommended 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night for teenagers, and the majority of those who did not also believed that

insufficient sleep is a growing concern among adolescents is associated with a lot of health consequences. Early school start times may be a solution to this problem. The purpose of this is to impact the delay of school start time. A person might have better sleep patterns, mood, and health-related

Over the span of thirty year research has repeatedly shown that adolescents, between the ages thirteen and eighteen, are sleep deprived. With so much time, money, and research put forth to solve this problem, most would believe that a solution has been discovered and in mid stages of implementation. However, after reviewing statistics one can not help feeling disappointed by the gargantuan number of students who still are not getting enough sleep. Why are adolescents still being sleep deprived? Schools have refused to change their start times even though students have repeatedly stated that waking up at such an early time is physically and mentally strainful. Unreasonably early school start times cause various difficulties for students such

The majority of correlational designs are cross-sectional, which demonstrate associations between variables but they do not enable comprehensive explanations of the findings (Fallone, Acebo, Carskadon & Seifer, 2005). Longitudinal studies, on the other hand, have allowed more long-term trends to be established between sleep disturbances and behaviour. However, without experimental manipulation that controls for confounding variables, definitive causal relationships cannot be inferred. A longitudinal study by Fredriksen, Reddy, Rhodes and Way (2004) assessed children across three years during middle school in order to investigate the developmental changes of sleep patterns and its possible links with academic grades and internalising behaviours. This study revealed that less sleep over time was associated with lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of depressive symptoms. This study relied on self-report, which enabled a large sample of individuals to be investigated, however the results may be at risk of response bias. Although this study could not determine cause and effect, the authors used an analytical process called cross-domain modelling, which meant that the associative findings were deemed to be relatively accurate (Fredriksen et al., 2004). Longitudinal research suggests that there is a long-term association between sleep disturbance and social functioning.

Different studies showed that adolescents do not sleep adequately and inadequate sleep is usually related with greater risk for depression, furthermore studies usually get urban adolescents as their sample and scarcity of research in rural adolescents (Daly, 2015).

Sleep deprivation is defined as a condition of not getting enough sleep. It can have very adverse effects on the brain and cognitive function. Research has shown that adequate sleep is essential for children and that not getting enough sleep can have behavior problems in children. Research done has showed that short sleep is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 7- to 8 year old children (Paavonen, Räikkönen, Lahti, Komsi, Heinonen, Pesonen, Järvenpää, Strandberg, Kajantie, Porkka, & Heiskanen, 2009). Children whose average sleep duration of 7.7 to 9.4 hours (Paavonen, Räikkönen, Lahti, Komsi, Heinonen, Pesonen, Järvenpää, Strandberg, Kajantie, Porkka, & Heiskanen, 2009). With the

The article focuses on sleep in five-year old’s and the effects sleep will have on them as they transition into kindergarten. The article had three topics that was in reference to the changes in sleep duration, timing, and quality of a 5-year-old. The changes in sleep can cause poor sleep health, which is seen in children. Poor sleep health can cause short term and long term developmental concerns, like poor academics, behavioral concerns, emotional concerns, and hyperactivity. Carirns and Harsh gathered their finding from 5-year old’s who attended a preschool and those that didn’t. However, the results provided evidence on the lack of a 30-40 minute naps a child will loss while transitioning into kindergarten. The information can be valuable on why kindergartens need a twenty- thirty-minute break throughout the day.

Adolescence is an important time for physical, cognitive, and emotional changes in behavior, a time in which one’s developmental process is continually challenged by new experiences and abilities (Wolfson and Carskadon 875-87). Sleep is a crucial aspect in adolescent development. In this stage, they often struggle with getting the necessary amount of rest needed each day due to late night studying and assignments during school nights. In more than 40 states, at least 75 percent of public schools start earlier than 8:30 a.m., according to the CDC’s report (Richmond). As children grow into adolescents, they tend to experience changes in their sleep-wake cycle, causing them to exhibit a natural preference to go to bed later and wake up later in the day (Carskadon 258-62; Dement & Vaughan).

A community survey (Blader, Koplewicz, Abikoff, & Foley, 1997) of 987 parents of elementary school-aged children reported the following problems related to children's sleep behaviors: Bedtime resistance (27%), difficulty with morning wakening (17%), complaints of fatigue (17%), delayed sleep onset (11%), and nighttime wakenings (7%). Rates are even higher in studies examining clinical child populations, with restless sleep (43%) and night wakings (47%) affecting a substantial number of children (Simonds & Parraga,

Sleep deprivation is, irrefutably, a massive health concern among Americans. Innumerable studies have been performed in hopes of finding out the perfect amount of sleep for a healthy lifestyle. Even though an average of 8-9 hours of sleep is practically unanimously recommended by health professionals, there is a huge discrepancy between that and the actual amount of sleep that teenagers in America are getting on average. The article “Go To Bed!” by Kerry Grens describes the ramifications of chronic sleep deprivation and the toll it takes on the body and mind in a relatively reader-friendly and aesthetically pleasing manner.