Catherine the Great reigned as Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. In her four years of rule she made very important changes to both Russia and Europe as a whole. She was born in the small domain of Anhalt-Zerbst where she grew up in modest but cultured surroundings. She was strongly influenced by French culture. At the age of fifteen she came to Russia to marry Peter of Holstein-Gottorp. When she was thirty-three years old she took over the Russian throne. Politically, foreign policies were very important to Catherine. She strengthened connections in Britain when she agreed to a commercial treaty with them in 1766, although did not want to agree to a full military alliance as she was cautious of Britain’s increased power after its
It was left to Peter’s successor, Catherine II, to take advantage of this. She waged the first major Russo-Turkish war from 1768 to 1774, and its conclusion with the Treaty of
Catherine read some philosophes’ works and exchanged many letters with Voltaire. She made a command to review Russia's’ laws in 1767 and based on the ideas of Montesquieu and Beccaria she had a few goals which sadly never were accomplished. Some
He spent much of his childhood in the German district of the capital. There he became fascinated with the west. As an adult he toured Western Europe in an attempt to learn the latest advances in ship building as well as to campaign for a crusade against the Ottoman Empire. When he returned he continued to Westernize Russia . Some of his reforms are looked on by contemporary’s as overly fanatical for example he implemented a beard tax and forced social events to be mixed genders. ! He was the Master of bureaucracy. Peter I completely restructured the government on western models. He established a Privy Council staffed with his closest friends as well as organizing the senate in to different colleges. He secularized the government thus taking power away from the Russian Orthodox church. Peter also reorganized the army and defeated the Swedish empire in The Great Northern War. He then erected a new capital in the lands he gained and named it for his likeness Saint Petersburg. This city became an important trading hub because it had a warm water port and Russia could now trade overseas with the rest of Europe all year round. His wife Catherine succeeded him on his death in
Eloquent, brilliant, unorthodox, poise, and loyal – all of these unique characteristics allowed Dashkova to gain the highest regard among the members of the elite society and more importantly, to earn the respect of Catherine the Great. Dashkova is a peculiar female character. She’s fully narcissistic, but at the same time, rejects her recognition and claims herself as unworthy of the credits Catherine II had given her. In her autobiography The Memoirs of Princess Dashkova, Dashkova justifies her role as a noble woman, her early-life contribution in helping Catherine rise to the throne, and the frugal life she bore as a widow and a mother of two. Dashkova voiced her significance in a society where
Catherine, II, the Great was born in Stettin, a German city on April 21, 1729 to Prince Christian August of Anhalt-Zerost and Princess Johanna Elizabeth of Holstein-Gottorp. Catherine, whose original name was Sophie Friederike-Auguste married in 1762 to the czarevitch Peter of Russia, but soon disposed of him and seized control of the government. Catherine made many great changes during her reign and made many opportunities available to the people living in her country during the time. Although she was a woman in a country in a time when men had control over everything, she rose above, saw what she wanted, and took over what she wanted. She knew what she wanted and she went for it, she was an amazing ruler of her time period.
Both Peter the Great and Catherine the Great were the former Emperors of Russia. They were the Russians ruler before the 17th century and also they were followers of Ivan IV. They used mysteries, dishonesty, etc for the foundation of their time, and they never thought that the Russia will have modernization. Mostly, the change came when Peter the Great and Catherine the Great came to power. Also, She expanded the territory of the Russian Empire and had improved as time pass by, and policy was following from the Westernization.
Maria Theresa would in fact go on to become the only female ruler of the Hapsburg dominions, coming into power through legal succession. Born in 1717, on May 13th, Maria Theresa was the first child of Charles VI, the Holy Roman Emperor. Charles VI, made sure that she, being the oldest of his daughters, would be able to inherit his throne upon his death, if he was not able to produce a male heir. At the time, Salic Law made it impossible for a woman to inherit the throne, and through a great deal of work, Charles VI was able to change this law. However, many of the powers that originally agreed to allow Maria Theresa to succeed to the throne came to change their mind when Charles VI died, thus sparking the War of Austrian Succession. A war that
The woman who was to become Catherine the Great was born Sophie Augusta Fredericka. During her teen years Sophie blossomed into a beautiful young woman and had excellent health. She later went on to marry Peter III the future emperor and grandson of Peter the Great. During her reign as empress Catherine encountered many conflicts, which she surpassed so successfully that even now so many years after her death she is still remembered. Even though she was known to have many lovers during her lifetime and had three illegitimate children two of who survived, her strong spirit, willingness to make Russia a better place, and her political victories made her one of the greatest empress ever.
Although most absolute monarchs were mentioned more negatively, Catherine the Great improved many things that helped Russia. She modernized Russia. She
Starting with a little bit about Catherine she came from a noble family in Florence Italy. Her parents were Lorenzo and Madeleine. Both of her parents died right after her birth, leaving her with all the
Queen Alexandrina Victoria of England (reigned June 20,1837 - January 22,1901) was known as a queen that loved her people, wanted to better her country in many ways, tried to influence both foreign and domestic policies, and helped protect the principles of the parliament and free trade. Queen Victoria married Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha in 1840, three years after her rise to the throne in 1837. Queen Victoria had nine children with Prince Albert in eighteen years, and they ruled the British Empire together until Prince Albert’s death in 1861 and Queen Victoria’s death in 1901. During Queen Victoria’s reign, many political events came to pass, including the Chartist movement, the Great Exhibition, and the Crimean War. Queen Victoria ruled the British Empire for sixty-three years, and was a beloved queen that helped her empire grow and become a nation that ruled the world, encompassing approximately one quarter of the world’s landmass.
During his 72 year reign he began a golden age for France in art, culture, and literature, he expanded France through fighting in many wars, and made an aggressive foreign policy. While Ivan the Terrible, began his reign at 8 years old after his two parents died. He became the first Tsar of Russia. The reconstructive period is when he married his wife, Anastasia Romanovna, he made reforms in government,law, tax, and church. However, after his wife died he turned “evil” and reigned in terror.
As an Enlightenment thinker, Voltaire’s ideas inspired Catherine to a considerable extent and the ideas of the two personalities seemed to correspond on various levels. The latter’s endeavor to reform Russia along the prevailing ideas gained her a lot of admiration from Voltaire. Indeed, as Durant observes, Catherin started reading Voltaire’s works more than a decade before she acceded to the Russian throne. The strong relationship between the two is particularly typified by their correspondence through letters, and it was Catherine who initiated the correspondence in 1763, which continued until Voltaire’s death. In light of the content of the letters, Durant describes the relationship between the two as being similar to a learner writing to a teacher, with Voltaire being the teacher in this case (Durant,
Catherine is known as one of the most cultured rulers of Russian history. He read constantly and was always informed about the political events of both Russia and the rest of Europe. He spoke fluently several languages and corresponded with many of the most lucid minds of the time, such as Voltaire or Denis Diderot, whose ideas influenced the political thinking of the monarch. With that his diplomatic sagacity allowed him to attract favorable opinions of the western European courts towards its reign.
A “hot topic” in rising discussion is the bottled water versus tap debate. In places where water, especially clean water is seemingly abundant, we don’t often think about where it comes from or how we drink it. Most people in first world countries would say that they use both tap and bottled water. If you have access to healthy clean tap water why not use it and move away from plastic bottled water. There has been an argument over this topic for quite a while. Bottled water is non-sustainable but if we use water wells or water towers there is a reduced expense both environmental and economical.