Ida Noddack, a German chemist born on February 25, 1896 in Wesel, Germany, co-discovered element 75, Rhenium, and was the first person to propose the idea of nuclear fusion. Noddack had studied at the Technical University in Berlin, where she also successfully received a bachelor's and doctoral degree. By 1925, the discovery of Rhenium had been confirmed by Noddack and her husband, Walter Noddack, along with another partner by the name of, Otto Carl Berg. Shortly after, in 1939, Noddack had asserted her discovery of nuclear fission. Noddack then retired by 1968 and had passed away 10 years later on September 24,1978, in Bad Neuenahr, Germany; however, her contribution to chemistry lives on today. In 1871, Russian chemist, Dmitry Mendeleyev
Born in 1912, Chien-Shiung Wu was an overlooked physician who broke a law of physics when contributing to the Manhattan Project in the 40’s! She helped in developing the atom bomb at Columbia University, and ”became known as one of the best experimental physicists of her time”-According to Nina Byers, a retired Physics professor who taught at University of California in Los Angeles.
Enrico Fermi (1901-1954) succeeded in splitting the uranium atom and the Nobel Committee later awarded him the 1938 prize for physics. At Columbia
Scientists Who Invented the Atomic Bomb under the Manhattan Project: Robert Oppenheimer, David Bohm, Leo Szilard, Eugene Wigner, Otto Frisch, Rudolf Peierls, Felix Bloch, Niels Bohr, Emilio Segre, James Franck, Enrico Fermi, Klaus Fuchs and Edward Teller. View a copy of the letter Einstein wrote Roosevelt that prompted the Manhattan Project.
One of J.J. Thomson's most significant contributions to science, and thus to the study of atomic theory, was his discovery of the electron. Before the discovery of the electron, the atom was already associated with having electric charges-both positive and negative-but the idea of an electron existing as its own particle was unheard of. It was in 1897 when Thomson first conducted the beginning of his now famous experiment, in which he used a cathode ray tube to aid in his findings. A cathode ray tube, is a vacuum tube in which cathode rays, negatively charged particles, are produced at the cathode and travel through the vacuum, which is created when gas is extracted from the tube. J.J. Thomson discovered that in order to determine
One of the scientists that was involved was Enrico Fermi. Fermi was the first to make contact with the U.S. about the Germans starting to experiment with fission. Then Albert Einstein, who was a German physicist who escaped Germany to come to the U.S., eventually persuaded President Franklin D. Roosevelt to start a program around nuclear fission to combat German efforts. Additionally, American scientist Philip Hauge Abelson created a uranium separation process that was necessary is making the atomic bomb.
The U.S’s research in nuclear weapons in the 1940’s contributed to ending the second world war as well as led the way to bountiful ideas in scientific research that we still use today.
At the end of World War I and the beginning of World War II scientist started to develop new ways to to react to wars.Scientist like Julius Robert Oppenheimer with the help of Albert Einstein created the first atomic bomb called the “Little Boy” and the “FatMan”. Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory in New Mexico. He was incharge of gather the best minds to develop weapons of mass destruction. Oppenheimer along with 200 other physics developed weapons that would change the world forever.
Early 1939, the scientist of the world learned that German scientist had discovered a way to spit a uranium atom, created
I chose to do my project on Marie Curie, the woman who discovered radium and polonium. She was born Mary Sklodowska on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw, Poland and died July 4, 1934 in Passy, France at the age of 67. In 1895, Marie married a professor named Pierre Curie at the age of 26. She was the first woman to complete a doctorate in France in MMMM at the age xxx. And in MMMMM, Curie was also the first female professor at the Sorbonne. She was the first person to use the term “radioactivity”, which is the term still used till this day.
Leo Szilard was a Hungarian Physicist who dedicated himself to learning how to create a successful chain reaction to make an atomic bomb before the Germans had a chance to do so. Szilard convinced Albert Einstein to help research with him on how to create an atomic bomb. The “Einstein-Szilard” letter, sent to President Franklin D. Roosevelt led to the foundation of research into nuclear fission by the United States government. This ultimately encouraged the development of the program, the Manhattan Project.
The origin of nuclear medicine can be traced all the way back to the invention of the cyclotron by the late great Dr. Ernest Orlando Lawrence. Lawrence, who died 1958, worked at the University of California at Berkeley. He, according to Jeffrey Kahn, he was basically just trying to make new atoms by combining them in an accelerator when his little brother John suggest they use the machine for medicine. John, who also attended Berkley, started by
The pioneering work of Becquerel in 1896 (the discovery of uranium), and the Curies (who subsequently discovered radium and polonium and the energy and heat given off by these new elements which they called radioactivity) led to the remarkable work of Ernest Rutherford. He was a physicist, whose experiments showed that some heavier elements spontaneously changed or decayed into lighter elements (unstable 'parent' elements giving off protons and neutrons to form a 'daughter' element) through the process of radioactivity. He discovered that radioactive materials decay at a very predictable rate, and that lead was the final decay product of uranium. Using Rutherford's ideas, Bertram Boltwood pioneered a method of radiometric dating in 1907. He hypothesized that since he knew how long it takes uranium to break down, he could measure the proportions of lead in uranium ores, and use his calculations to date how long those ores had existed,
The United States government was shocked by the news of German scientists discovering nuclear fission. The news came to the United States from Albert Einstein. Einstein found out the nuclear fission information from a German physicist named Leo Szilard. He then told it to President Franklin D. Roosevelt and urged him to start an investment toward atomic research. The research would then help construct an atomic weapon of mass destruction. Roosevelt was not especially concerned about investing in atomic weapon research because he didn 't plan on getting involved in the War.
With her experiments, she became the first woman in France to get a doctorate. Curie decided to continue Henri Becquerel’s experiments with X-rays. She came up with the groundbreaking idea that the rays were actually an atomic property. The paper she wrote reporting her discoveries had to be presented through her professor because women weren’t allowed to address the Academy of Sciences. With this, she continued her work to find new elements. First, she found polonium, which is named for her home country, and then she discovered radium. Pierre and Marie’s greatest work was done in a run-down shed. They worked from 1898 to 1902. The Curies could have made a fortune if they patented their process of extracting and refining radium, but they decided share their knowledge with the world.
Nuclear knowledge has existed for a long time. Nuclear Engineering U.S. Department of Energy relates, ―By 1900, the physicists knew the atom contains large quantities of energy‖ (par 11). Many others formed good theories, such as Ernest Rutherford and Einstein’s contribution with his equation E=mc^2. In 1934