How Did Southern Ocean Density Change

The Ocean is a miraculous place filled to the brim with foreign creatures and wondrous wildlife. From the Great Orcas of the Antarctic waters to the minuscule plankton, these marine life conquer the ocean's depths, but it's not just the creatures that reside here. Coral occupy their fair share of space upon the ocean's floor filling the waters with their glamour and residential charm for those in search of shelter.

The Ocean is 70 percent of the earth surface, humans have explored less than five percent of the ocean, and is home to innumerable amount of living organisms. One of its oldest inhabitants is the Cheloniidae dates back to the Triassic era, roughly 250 million years ago, (Wang et al.,

There are many ways and techniques that scientists can use to determine what Earth was like many of years ago. One technique that scientists use is core samples. For example, scientists use ice

Especially in the last two hundred years, carbon dioxide has increased in the atmosphere. This is happened in effect of the constant burning of fossil fuels and land use change. In the ocean, carbon dioxide reacts with seawater to form carbonic acid.The ocean actually absorbs thirty percent of all of the carbon dioxide emitted in the atmosphere. When

There’s a new digital map limning the composition of the seafloor, and it’s shown evidence of “microfossil” graveyards off the coast of Australia, in addition to other complex deep-ocean geology.

Ocean sediment cores shelled animals (foraminifera) a species living in the world's oceans today around the world. This are used in many different studies, because they have been around since “the Cambrian”, over 500 million years ago and can tell us a lot about past and present sharing of the tropics, locate ancient shorelines, and track global ocean temperature changes throughout the years.

All in all, the subject of Biological Oceanography brings upon a better understanding of life under the sea.

The hypothesis purposes that 540 million years ago during the Neoproterozic, a meter thick of ice covered the oceans and glaciers the continents for 100 million years. Albedo; when ice and snow reflect solar radiation into space, in absents of greenhouse gases, which don't exist within the atmosphere, heat therefore escapes the planet. A condition of temperature disequilibrium occurs, when freezing cold reaches a state, the climate never warms to normal, and cold freezes the hemisphere and buries it under massive glaciation.

The abnormalities of the vast open ocean were first recorded in 1950 by Edward Jones in Miami’s daily newspaper. However, the mystery

The predominant model suggest that heat caused by tidal flexing has allowed the oceans to remain liquid and propels ice moment similar to plate tectonics. Which allows for the absorbing of chemicals from the surface into the ocean below.

The article that I read was titled Why the ocean has absorbed more carbon over the past decade, by the University of California - Santa Barbara, written on February 8, 2017. The article first began by stating that less carbon dioxide is entering Earth’s atmosphere - it is being absorbed into the oceans - the reason why is not known, but “a slowdown of the ocean's overturning circulation” (sciencedaily.com) is likely to be the cause. The article supports the claim by stating that the discoveries are in the reputable Nature journal. Next, the article quoted UC Santa Barbara geographer Timothy DeVries stating that the circulation slowdown is thought to be a result of human activity from heating and freshening the ocean’s surface which causes melted

Similar fluctuations in deep water formation during interglacials have been recorded in the Southern Ocean (Hayes et al. 2014). A peak in authigenic uranium was recorded in Southern Ocean sediments, at OPD site 1094, 127,000 years ago, during Marine Isotope Stage 5 (Hayes et al. 2014). At the beginning of this interglacial period, ~135,000 years ago, a sharp increase in biogenic opal flux was recorded, reflecting an increase in productivity in the Southern Ocean (Hayes et al. 2014). Oxygenation of the deep water increased with increasing Southern Ocean overturning, leading to a gradual reduction in authigenic uranium concentrations (Hayes et al. 2014). The authigenic uranium peak recorded at ~127,000 years ago, Marine Isotope Stage 5e, was

The few facts that are known about the ocean and its processes are not a part of common knowledge. This is due to the lack of information that is advertised to the public, lack of

and its variability. The upper ocean is often referred to as the ocean mixed layer (ML). It is a

Changes in temperature can show the change in surface flow which affects the behavior of aquatic life and weather, or the occurrence of an upwelling (Lathram, 1986). Changes in color can indicate underwater seismic activity, pollution, or even algal blooms. Not only have satellites improved how researchers obtain information about the ocean but they have also allowed for more accurate maps of the ocean to be created.