How Did The Child's Parents Harm Their Child

Hemophilia is a rare disorder in which your blood doesn 't clot normally because it lacks sufficient blood-clotting proteins known as clotting factors. Hemophilia is an inherited (genetic) disorder. There 's no cure yet. But with proper treatment, most people with hemophilia can maintain an active, productive lifestyle. Hemophilia was recognized, though not named, in ancient times. The Talmud, a collection of Jewish Rabbinical writings from the 2nd century AD, stated that male babies did not have to be circumcised if two brothers had already died from the procedure.

Haemophilia is an inherited blood clotting disorder where the blood doesn’t clot properly because there isn’t enough clotting factor VIII or IX in the blood of someone who is affected by haemophilia (ref). There are two types of haemophilia. The most common form, Haemophilia A, or Classic Haemophilia, affects people who are deficient in factor VIII and Haemophilia B, or Christmas Disease, affects people who are deficient in factor IX. Haemophilia can also be referred to as ‘the royal disease’ because it affected royal families in England, Germany, Russia and Spain in the 19th and 20th centuries. Queen Victoria from the English royal family is believed to have carried the altered gene of haemophilia having a factor XI deficiency. In Australia there are approximately 3000 people affect by haemophilia and majority of them are males, with severe haemophilia extremely rare in females, but some females do have lower factor levels and bleeding symptoms. Abnormal bleedings had first been recorded hundreds of years ago, but wasn’t announced publicly until 1803 when a physician from Philadelphia, John Conrad Otto, published an article about a hemorrhagic bleeding disorder that affect mainly males.

The first generations are skipped, although Nicolas (1904-18) was a hemophiliac, neither his parents nor grandparents were. This pattern occurs in several other places of the pedigree, and indicates a recessive mode of inheritance. From the biochemical nature of the defect, scientists have determined that hemophilia is a recessive trait. All the affected individuals are sons, strongly suggesting that the defect is a sex linkage trait. Since males are hemizygous for the X chromosome, more males than females should have the phenotype of

A. It 's important to know that hemophilia is not actually a disease or virus. https://my.clevelandclinic.org calls hemophilia "a rare hereditary (inherited) bleeding disorder in which blood cannot clot normally at the site of a wound or injury". This means that it is not contagious, rather it is passed down through genetics. When a hemophiliac gets injured,

Hemophilia is an inherited genetic disorder that can affect both males and females, but is seen more frequently in males due to the disorder being x-linked recessive. This disorder effects the human body in a way where a person cannot form blood clots because they lack clotting factors. If someone were to receive a papercut, this event lead to prolonged bleeding. The severity of hemophilia ranges from person to person depending on how abnormal or deficient their coagulation factors are (Tiunstseva et al, 2003). Hemophilia has played an important part in Europe, specifically the royal family. Queen Victoria was a carrier of this genetic disorder. She gave birth to a son who ended up having hemophilia while her other two daughters did not exhibit

The genetic disorder I chose to research was hemophilia. Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder where the blood doesn’t clot normally. It occurs, with rare exceptions, usually in men. The cause of hemophilia is a defect in the clotting factor VIII gene, located on the X chromosome. Hemophilia is hereditary also, meaning the children of a carrier, or someone with a mutated gene, may also get it. Some symptoms of hemophilia are excessive bleeding, both internal, which includes large bruises from bleeding into large body muscles, and external, which includes nose bleeds which occur for no apparent reason. Other symptoms are bleeding in the joints, brain, and gums.

The process can be done by infusing prepared factor concentrates and people who have hemophilia eventually learn how to use these infusions on their own in order to stop their bleeding episodes and, by doing the infusions regularly this for the most part can even stop most bleeding episodes from even happening. But it’s going to take good medical care from doctors and nurses who have experience in dealing with people who have the disorder in order to administer preventive solutions. The disorder of hemophilia is a genetic one which means it is inherited, and to this day there is still no cure but treatment to live with this disorder. Hemophilia can and does affect all racial and ethnic groups of people and within those groups it has been found that majority of those with hemophilia are men. Now being that this is inherited let’s look in to the chromosome theory of inheritance, this theory brings forth the idea that the genes are located on chromosomes. This line of thought was based on the experiments of Thomas Hunt Morgan using fruit flies. So, with those findings from the data given it can be deduced that

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder where the blood doesn’t clot normally. Some symptoms of hemophilia are unexplained bleeding from cuts or injuries, large deep bruises, unusual bleeding after vaccination, pain, swelling in your joints, nosebleeds without a known cause, and blood in your urine. These symptoms vary depending on the level of clotting factors. Hemophilia are inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. The genes that are associated with these conditions are located on the X chromosome which is one of the two sex chromosomes. It's more likely males will get this disease because males only have one X chromosome but females have two X chromosomes and for them to carry hemophilia they must get it on both chromosomes.

Hemophilia describes a group of sever congenital coagulation factor deficiencies. It is a lifelong genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1:10,000 birth and that of the most severe form of the disease to be approximately 6% per 1,00,000 Population (1). Depending on the activity of coagulant factor VIII or IX in blood, hemophilia may be labeled as severe (<1% of normal), moderate (1–4%) or mild (5–25%) (2) . hemophilia is characterized by recurrent haemarthroses inside the less muscular padding joints as knees, elbows and ankles joints (3).

Hemophilia, also spelled haemophilia, it is a genetic disease, patient lack of coagulation factors inborn, so the function of blood coagulation is impedimental, also it is not easy to stop the bleeding. Normal blood clotting is made of blood platelet and a part of plasma protein. The function that related to plasma protein of coagulation is coagulation factors. The patient’s blood coagulation factors is less than normal people. When the blood vessel burst, blood is not easy to curdle, so it is difficult to stop the bleeding. Since the patient lack of some coagulation factors, When the blood vessel burst, it’s more difficult to coagulate than normal people, so they will lose more blood.

This research paper is about the various symptoms of hemophilia. The paper is going to outline and deeply describe the various ways that hemophilia manifests itself on patients. The paper also encompasses the factors that triggers the symptoms and the afterward effects on the individual. This paper will involve sourcing information from several books written by reputable authors and also getting information from the websites of highly recognized organizations as well as institutions. The paper will also rely on the recorded information from hospitals regarding the hemophiliac patients either a child born with the disorder or an adult who had reported the disease. The symptoms of hemophilia mainly manifest by the action of excessive bleeding which are normally spontaneous thus the paper will include all the abnormal instances of bleeding that are more or less the symptoms of hemophilia.

Hemophilia is caused by an inherited X-linked recessive trait with the defective gene found on the X chromosome. Since females have two Xs, even if one of their chromosomes carries the disorder, they won’t usually be affected. Some female carriers of hemophilia can have symptoms of hemophilia, or are considered to have mild hemophilia. Males only have one X chromosome, so if they are a carrier, they also have the disorder. Hemophilia is usually inherited, but there is a rare form of the disorder that isn’t caused by gene mutations. Acquired hemophilia has symptoms such as abnormal bleeding into the skin, muscles or other soft tissue, and it usually begins in adulthood. Acquired hemophilia happens when the body makes proteins called autoantibodies that attack the blood clotting proteins. Causes of acquired hemophilia are usually unknown,but can sometimes be attributed to pregnancy, immune system disorders, cancer, or allergic reactions to drugs.

On this Essay, I have decided to talk about Haemophilia because is a disease that is affecting people from different ages and sex. Haemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by the deficiency in the clotting factor 8 (Haemophilia A) or clotting factor 9 (Haemophilia B). This disease is incurable and can be life threatening without the proper treatment.

Occasionally a baby is born with this disorder and no family history of it. When this happens, it could be caused by a hidden gene, which is when several generations of female carry it, and it has not affected any male members of the family or a spontaneous mutation. With each pregnancy, a woman who is a carrier has a 25% possibility of having a son born with hemophilia. Since the father's X chromosome is what determines if the unborn child will be a girl, all of the daughters born of a man with hemophilia will be carriers. None of his sons, which is determined by the father through his Y chromosome, will have hemophilia. Individuals who suffer from mild hemophilia may choose to use a non-blood product known as Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) to help treat the small bleeds and/or scrapes. For deep cuts or internal bleeding, the treatment called DDAVP may not be enough and therefore, may need a much more complex treatment. The clotting factor must be replenished so the affected person can form a clot to stop the bleeding. Plasma is one of the ‘human blood products’ than is used for factor replacement. Another factor replacement option is using the recombinant factor, which is produced in a laboratory.

Hemophilia is an ancient disease, described “as early as in the fifth century AD, and was referred as Babylonian Talmud” (1).” A description of the disorder in the early 1800s by American physician Otto” (2), accurately described the pattern of inheritance. The “disease shows X chromosome linked hereditary transmission. As a result, women are able to carry the disease but do not suffer from it. The only exception is the rare case of a women with haemophiliac father and a carrier mother” (3,4) .