It is important to know the history of the internet. The internet is a worldwide network of computer systems that are connected to each other by cables (Howe, 2012). The internet first started out as a military experiment. In 1957, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was created by the United States department of Defense (Computer History Museum, 2004). The project was started after the Russians launched a satellite into space for communication reasons. The satellite was called SPUTNIK (Computer History Museum, 2004). It was rumored that President Eisenhower got worried and decided to get the United States to launch its own satellite. They recruited Dr. Joseph C. Licklider of MIT, was made head of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO)(Computer History Museum, 2004). Their purpose of the project was to focus on improving the military use of computer information.
Then in 1991 of August, the world changed when the first ever website which is “ Info.Cern.ch”. This changed the era of technology, the website introduced how to provide information on how things were looked up and how it can be used to email or send information by sharing. In 2004, Lee headed back to the United Kingdom and was the professor of the University of Southampton. He kept working there till he made the semantic web.
He is the founder and director of the World Wide Consortium (W3C) the forum for technical development of the Web. He is a graduate from Oxford University. He invented the Web while he was at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory, in 1989.
Edward Teller was born on January 1th, 1908, into a Jewish family in Budapest, Hungary. He was educated in private schools, and was mathematically proficient from a young age, despite the political turmoil of his country. Edward began his real scientific background in 1926
He soon was recognized and got a job as a physicist. He was recruited by MIT to work on a project. When he was working, he invented the first
During the early 1940’s atomic science had just began to mature. Many people were exploring the powerful mystery of the atom. Two of those people were Eugene Booth and John Dunning, who, in 1941, synthesized uranium-235. Immense scientific growth followed their contribution, since it allowed for nuclear fission (Griffith). In the years following this discovery, nuclear science took a turn. Once only used as a constructive power source, atoms began being explored for their destructive power. In 1942 the United States government funded the Manhattan Project that sole goal was to develop a nuclear bomb. The initiator for this endeavor was surprisingly the famous scientist Albert Einstein. He wrote to Franklin D. Roosevelt , and tipped him off
L. Herrington, who was head of the physics department in the U of S in the1940s.
(Kennedy, Adrienne) After graduating from college, he worked for Plessy Telecommunications on bar codes. He had a passion for the electrical side of things he did there. (Kennedy, Adrienne) In 1989 Berners-Lee drafted a proposal for a global hypertext project and his bosses at CERN were skeptical. He pressed the issue and eventually won approval to purchase a NeXT computer to start his ideas of the World Wide Web. (Berners-Lee,
As we all should do, Tim went to college. In fact, it was at The Queen’s College, Oxford. From there, Mr. Berners-Lee gained employment at a printing firm, and then an independent contractor a nuclear research place in Switzerland, CERN. Later, he was an engineer at a Plessey telecom located in Poole.
Ernest Rutherford was born August 30th, 1871, on a farm in New Zealand. He was the fourth child born out of his twelve siblings. Before he started to make mass discoveries in the world of science, he got his degree from the University of New Zealand and began to teach. After teaching for awhile, Rutherford got a scholarship to Cambridge University in England to be the first graduate
While working there, he created the Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol, or “HTTP”, in order to communicate information between researchers more easily. His job at CERN was a lot harder before he invented HTTP. 9 years later, he figured out how to combine HTTP and the Internet to form the World Wide Web; the first website was in turn created by him. At the time, it wasn’t very revolutionary or open to the public, but today the Internet’s impact on society is huge.
In The year 1912, on the 23rd of june,a child who was named Alan Mathison Turing was born to Julius Mathison and Ethel Sara Turing. His Father was involved in the Indian Civil service and served under the Madras Presidency, where he met and married Alan's mother, Ethel Sara Stoney. Alan was given birth to in a nursing home Paddington, London.
“To achieve the goals of sustainable development, critical data must be open and available for reuse by anyone, anywhere, anytime” (“World Wide”). This phrase was delivered by the computer scientist, Tim Berners-Lee. He attended Oxford University where he built his first real computer (Gaines). After that, he continued and currently pursues his interest in technology.
Through NASA I learned that William B. Anders was born in Hong Kong, China in 1933. Later on he graduated from the naval academy in 1955 and got his pilot's wings in 1956. After he got his education he launched into all the work world. He worked numerous jobs including, being a fighter pilot in the Air defense command, was put in charge of technical management of nuclear power reactor shielding and radiation effects program. Then in 1964 William Anders switched gears over to more space exploration. Which lead him into many new opportunities. For example, he was the pilot on Apollo 8 which was the first manned flight that went into another body in the solar system. On that same mission he also captured the first ever picture of the "Earthrise".
Some of the main accomplishments made during the 1980’s is Lisp machines being developed and marketed, and the first expert system (ES) shells being built. The connection machine, a massively parallel architecture, was designed by Danny Hills in 1981, this machine impacted the development of AI greatly and was the foundation for the Thinking Machine. Two years after the invention of the connection machine, James Allen invented Interval Algebra, which became the first widespread formalization of temporal events. In 1989, the basics for a “system that drove a car coast-to-coast under computer control for all but about 50 of the 2850 miles” (https://aitopics.org/misc/brief-history) was built by Dean Pomerleau at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), this concept was named the An Autonomous Land Vehicle in a Neural Network (ALVINN).