How Did Urbanization Change Throughout The 19th Century

In the first two decades of the twentieth century, the United States experienced a large increase in political, economic, and social reforms. During this time, there had been an increase in urbanization, and industrial factories within the larger cities throughout the United States, particularly in the northeastern cities. With the addition of the industries and factories too populated also came a growing number of immigrants, and seekers of wealth and employment. As a result, the population increase would result in major issues which would overshadow the economic gains that came from industrialization. In addition, the rise of industrialization also brought about major issues within the populations of the city. After seeing

More issues such as sickness, and death arose due to the overcrowding of people and the unsanitary conditions they lived in. Thomas B. Macaulay, a social historian, states people live longer because they are better fed, better lodged, better clothed, and better attended in sickness. (Doc 3) This without a doubt means that if people had better conditions in living, and not as much overcrowding, they would live longer. One big issue that was an ongoing problem during this time was disease and infection. Disease would take a lot of lives, and people could not do anything about it because, because they did not know how to fight it. Edwin Chadwick stated that the annual loss of life from filth and bad ventilation is greater than the loss from death or wounds in modern wars. (Doc 6) With foods being contaminated, it was obvious that people would have died from infection and disease. In Manchester during this time, people were dying rapidly due to many reasons. The Lancer, a British medical journal, published a work stating the average death in certain places. More of the working class would be likely to die faster than a regular artisan or trader. (Doc 8) The main reason this happened is obvious. It was because the working class would live in poor conditions, and would be overcrowded. With this being said, the workings’ class condition was not any better than how they

As industrialization continued, for many people in the city living and working conditions worsened. As reports of horrible working conditions increased so did the

Urbanization changed American society because it changed the American life from an agricultural, settled life to an Industrial fueled economy. The urbanization increased the Gross Domestic Product of the United States, this gave more wealth to the top fifth of the American society. Furthermore, urbanization changed poverty in the United States, settling social issues and solving social mores was for the most part gone and the number of new social issues from child labor to pollution and the beginning of new diseases and immigration issues. All in all, urbanization had a great effect on American Society because it led to the current economy we are all well acquainted to today, however it wasn’t beneficial for the bottom ⅗ of the American populace

The speed with which the disease was spread in a largely rural and, by modern standards, not densely populated, society; the short interval between infection and death;

Reforms were made during industrialization to help improve the poor working conditions present in mines and factories that had been created by the rapidly expanding workforce. Workers often worked in conditions that had detrimental effects on their long term health and had many hazards. Miners were exposed to heavy falling rocks, excessive smoke, poisonous gas and bad air. They often got what is known as miners’ asthma and many died from it (Doc 1). Factory workers worked in cramped, unclean buildings that had many fire hazards and safety issues.

No matter how strenuous it may be for an urban area to prevent an outbreak from occurring, it is still inevitable. Many organizations have tried to educate the population about the cause of diseases and how to prevent it. Although this method displays a decrease in certain diseases, it still occurs. However, instead of just attempting to prevent these diseases, a profound amount of cures have been discovered to treat it. Throughout multiple sources, such as online articles and lectures on the Industrial Revolution, it is unambiguous that the human race spreads disease through unsanitary environments, direct physical contact, and lack of knowledge, but society adapts to these situations and restrains the expansion of diseases by improved safety

New inventions revolutionized day to day life. The transcontinental railroad, the telephone, the lightbulb, and electricity were all invented during this time. Factories sprung up everywhere, especially in cities. Cities grew by up to 80% as people, mainly immigrants, flocked to fill the job openings in the factories. But the apartments and houses in the cities were not equipped to hold as many people as they were forced to. Many of these new immigrant workers were limited to the only apartments they could afford, which were run down, often with multiple families living together in unsanitary conditions. And the workplace was no better. Men, women and children employed by the factories were often abused, forced to work inhumanely long shifts, and underpaid. There was

-During this time factory workers faced harsh working conditions and had low paying wages. They weren't given basic rights as workers and they were certainly not protected. The conditions they had to work in were horrible having due that there weren't any reliable emergency exits and they were exposed to unsafe, dangerous equipment. In many cases workers lost limbs or were seriously

However, disease on the epidemic scale did not appear till certain conditions existed, conditions created namely by the Agricultural Revolution. As communities became more sedentary and developed a more stable means of food production through the domestication of animals and irrigation processes, populations were able to increase at exponential rates, one of the fundamental prerequisites for an epidemic outbreak. An increased population translated into closer living conditions, less sanitary means of waste disposal due to sheer volume, and typically, poorer nutrition, making people more susceptible to a breakdown of the immune system. A higher population, in comparison to that of their hunting and gathering predecessors, meant a greater chance for contracting an illness. Equally important, the Agricultural Revolution demanded the domestication of animals. In living in close proximity to cattle, hogs, and other useful livestock, a phenomenon known as species cross-over took place. This species cross-over refers to the mutation of diseases typically found in livestock to a new form that seeks out a human host. The most classic and devastating example is small pox, a highly fatal disease that causes sores to form on the body and known in cattle as cowpox (Ponting, 225-226). This, coupled with irrigation, providing a host for water-born diseases like malaria and schistosomiasis, sheds a bit of light on the magnitude of the influence of the Agricultural

Disease Incidence: More unskilled manual workers are dyeing due to things such as lung and stomach cancer because of the environment they work in and the fumes they are breathing can harm their lungs. More men and women die before retirement age in class 5 than class 1. More class 5 people die on a whole because they may become ill and will not have what they need to help the disease and their living conditions can worsen their condition.

1920s America was characterized by cultural diversification. A decade of remarkable change influenced both social and cultural development, triggering a major clash between rural and urban America. As rural elements were suffocated by rapid urbanization as a result of an influx of immigration, rural America remained traditionalist, outraged by apparent immorality illustrated in urban centers. Rural communities, resentful of urban prosperity and shocked by urban liberalism, frightfully saw the America as they knew on the verge of extinction. The challenge to traditional values thus prompted various efforts to revive values under the threat of urbanization, consequently deepening the gap between the two Americas even more.

The health services in the 19th century consisted of self-employed doctors who were for the rich and charitable volunteers for the poor. Local authority hospitals catered for specific illnesses and health issues only, these included maternity and mental illness.

In England during the industrial revolution there was a lot of poverty and pollution, especially in the main towns where the mass unemployment and people often had to go into the work houses. The conditions that they were made to work in were overcrowded. There was no sanitation or anywhere to clean, and there was a large amount of pollution. These all led to diseases among the workers. Some of the jobs that the children were made to do were chimney sweeping or selling matches. Adults had to do bone crushing for fertilisers, working in kitchens and doing the laundry for rich people.

Industry invaded cities in the late 19th century. Previous to this the cities were commerical and commonly located near water. All of the manufactering happened outside of their area, more near natural resources and power sources. Once the industries grew, the cities changed. The city was also change due to population. People started moving between cities, and within them which cause the population to become more diverse. The classes started to become forced to mingle, and immigrants were the fastest population to have growth where work was offered. With new cities comes new technology, the buildings became taller with more hi-tech utilities, and the cities value grew. As the cities began to stretch out more transportation was needed. Trollies,