Essential Questions: Chapter One
Write a response to each of the following questions and / statements. Your responses must be written in complete sentences and should demonstrate an understanding of the course content.
1. How do the Neolithic and Paleolithic Revolutions differ? Ultimately, the Neolithic Revolution advanced society past the basic Paleolithic era, forming a new type of living. The culture introduced in the Neolithic Revolution moved beyond nomadic styles of living and introduced agriculture, which allowed tribes to settle down and form communities. Through the different type of living, new concepts and culture formed: the concept of private property was introduced, which advanced society greatly.
2. What impact does the surplus production of agriculture have on societies?
If societies are able to not only create a constant food supply, but also have a surplus of food, it allows them to begin specializing labor onto areas other than farming. The focus may still be on farming however select amounts of people can now specialize on other things like building tools, architecture, science, etc. This creates a tremendous impact because it allows the civilization to advance in areas other than growth. New ideas can make the society more efficient and quickly increase the carrying capacity.
3. What controversy exists over the use of the term civilization?
The term civilization has acquired a controversy because of the connotations it has adapted to carry. A
The main idea of Howell’s arguments about the Neolithic Revolution is that the adoption of agriculture is beneficial because hunting life makes nature in control of humans. Nature controls the limit on animals and plants. When it reaches its limit in a given place, humans are forced to move to survive. Nature requires humans to spread themselves out across the land and limit the number of people they band themselves with to not use all the natural resources in short amount of time. Moreover, the limited resources cause groups to kill off the young, sick, and elderly to lower the amount of humans exploiting the land. As a result of isolation amongst each other, humans rarely become civilized or social and the sexual division of labour does not change. As a result of agriculture, food is domesticated and grown rather than gathered. Also, humans are able to create civilizations with hundreds of people.
Religion before the Neolithic Revolution (Paleolithic Era) was very different from religion after the Neolithic Revolution (Neolithic Era). In the Paleolithic Era, most people believed that their world was controlled by supernatural spirits, they believed in Shamans that had the ability to communicate with the spirit world, and they buried their dead equally. In the Neolithic Era, people believed in gods instead of spirits, they believed in High Priests instead of Shamans, and the manner of a person's burial depended on their social class and wealth.
The Neolithic revolution was a period of time that occurred during 10,000 - 9,000 B.C.E. Humans made the transition from hunting and gathering and being nomadic to being sedentary. During the neolithic revolution humans also developed social classes where the people who watched others work were at the top and the people who worked at the bottom. People have different opinions on the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture during the neolithic revolution. Thinking about all of the things humans received from the neolithic revolution, it was not worth it. Human society would have been better off without the disease, the social classes, and starvation. Therefore, while the neolithic revolution brought many beneficial things to human society such as agriculture, and permanent housing, it brought more harm than good like modern day diseases and social classes.
The societies of Paleolithic man were far different then that of the Neolithic man. The Old Stone Age societies had no time for other actives then what was necessary to survive. They did not invent many new things, and were constantly moving and changing their environment. Societies in he New Stone Age were a settled people, who constantly improved their lifestyle's to make it easier to live by. Job's of the women no longer consisted of gathering, it consisted of growing the crops, since agriculture was a new provider of food.
Unlike Paleolithic time's, man could have more leisure time to spend. This led him to broaden the society he was living in and led to increased populations in the Neolithic Age. The more people there were the more discovery man made during this time. The invention of agriculture led to the settled life. Since man no longer needed to roam, all they had to do was put a seed in the ground and watch it grow. Tool and weaponry became more advanced, and pottery and the potters wheel was invented.
The Neolithic age brought many technological advancements to the world and the new Stone Age culture. The Neolithic age is also
The Neolithic Revolution was the major change in human life caused by the beginnings of farming. This revolution changed people’s lives in several ways. It changed the way people lived because before the Neolithic Revolution they relied on hunting and gathering food. It also changed the way they settled, because of this revolution they were able to live in villages for a long time, unlike before; they had to relocate often because their food source would become scarce. The way civilizations lived changed because of the Neolithic Revolution. A civilization is a form of culture that consists of cities, advanced technology, specialized workers, complex institutions, and record keeping. The early river valley civilizations; which developed in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus, and China, had more similarities than differences. The river valley civilizations were similar when it came to their writing systems, inventions, and geography. However, they were also different when it came to writing systems and inventions.
Many historians believe that the most significant “food revolution” was the Neolithic Revolution. This “food revolution” dramatically changed the way food was produced. This change had a major political, social, and economic impact on societies and regions. Due to this, many new advances were produced. This helped civilization to become more sophisticated, more civilized, and more organized.
Interconnectedness Interconnectedness is the state of being connected with others. Throughout the years interconnectedness has had both positive and negative affects on society. This essay will speak about the Neolithic Revolution, Crusades and Black Death. The Neolithic Revolution had a very positive effect on society because it made food more easily accessible. The Crusades also had a positive effect on society because people were able to share the knowledge they had gathered of the years.
The Neolithic Revolution is often called the “New Stone Age”. This is because; people were making tools with metals instead of stone. Some changes were the domestications of animals and crops, permanent settlement, and technology and job specialization. The changes in the Neolithic Revolution were so important that it is considered a turning point in human history.
From the earliest times, humans lived in big groups spending most of their time hunting and gathering. This caused them to constantly be traveling looking for new resources, essentially they lived as nomads. For the most part they followed gender roles, men hunting game and women gathering berries, fruit and other edibles. These early people crafted simple tools such as axes and spears made from bone, wood, and stone. Around 10,000 BCE in South West Asia and other Areas they started to cultivate crops and animals.
Many revolutionary aspects of the Neolithic era appeared as the Ice Age came to the end. As the Earth’s temperature increased, new lands were created that made agriculture possible. Many species became extinct as they could not adapt to the rapidly changing environment; however, new species emerged simultaneously as well. Consequently, Paleolithic humans became more desperate of finding a new source of food as they were used to hunting large mammals that existed during the Ice Age. Grouped humans who settled in a certain environment started changing nature, instead of simply using what they found there. They changed the landscapes that could be used conveniently by humans, such as terraced hillsides, irrigation ditches, and canals. Also,
The Neolithic revolution had a big impact on the society. However, instead of focusing on the good, as follow are some social disadvantages of this big transition. To start with, agriculture is considered much harder work than hunter gathering is, and individuals had to work much longer hours farming. This reduced the land availability for living on by handing it to farmers. It reduced space for wild animals and plants, which were used for food, meaning that, the fauna was becoming less diverse and animals were becoming weaker since
Due to the introduction of agriculture, the Neolithic revolution hastily became the pinnacle of human development; It was the commencement of civilizations who produced culture, irrigation systems, and Religion. Since sustenance began to grow and create surplus, numerous individuals were granted the ability to abandon nomadic customs which were heavily regarded as the primary method of supplies in the Paleolithic period. Without the Neolithic revolution, human existence wouldn’t be equipped enough to later industrialize in future generations, nor would there be written language.
Neolithic and Paleolithic People To begin with, Paleolithic and Neolithic people are unintelligent, rowdy, hairy, and smelly. Paleolithic and Neolithic people were known as cavemen. Neolithic people had better technology than Paleolithic people. Additionally, The Neolithic and Paleolithic people use tools to survive.