How Does Antiseptic Affect Bacteria

2. Which antibiotic was most effective in killing the bacterial lawn on each plate? Which was the least effective?

5) My hypothesis: “The higher the concentration of antiseptic, the more powerful it will be at inhibiting/ killing microorganisms which cause bacterial growth.” This theory supports my result because as you can see the zone of inhibition increases due to the increasing concentration of antiseptic. The higher concentration of antiseptic means it has been less diluted, which means its more stronger than other more diluted concentrations, this high concentration will determine how powerful the antiseptic will be at killing/inhibiting the growth of bacterium, this high concentration of antiseptic will break down the bacterial cell wall, after this process has happened the antiseptic can stop the mutation of the bacteria and inhibit the

The disinfectant that was the most effective was the Wescodyne® due to the fact that it was the only disinfectant that had a zone of inhibition for both E. coli and S. aureus, and the zone of inhibition was quite large, with it being 16 millimeters for E. coli and it being 19 millimeters for S. aureus.

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a gram positive bacteria, which means that there is a lot of peptidoglycan in its cell wall. Therefore, the antibiotics that target these types of bacteria will decrease the metabolism of the bacteria. When placed in an incubator overnight, the bacteria will grow colonies that are 1-2 millimeters in diameter (8). Over time, the bacteria might have been able to produce offspring that are resistant to some antibiotics, called mutations. These mutations make the antibiotic useless on the bacteria from then on and they were naturally selected because they were most fit for survival in the given conditions.

Serratia Marcescens is a rod (bacillus) shaped bacteria known best for its red coloration. It has a single arrangement and is Gram negative. It grows at room temperature and can be found in soil, water, animals and on plants, but it is especially common in damp areas such as bathrooms or kitchens. Like all bacteria, it reproduces by binary fission. Serratia Marcescens mainly causes urinary and respiratory tract infections but can also cause pneumonia, bloodstream infections, wound infections, and meningitis along with a variety of other infections. It can be difficult to treat S. Marcescens as it is resistant to various antibiotics. In this experiment we tested the effects of antiseptics on the zone of inhibition on serratia marcescens.

In order to control the growth and spread of harmful microbes that can cause disease, we use antimicrobial agent. Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are use in a physical process or used in a form of a chemical agent. Disinfectants are used to destroy vegetative pathogen but are not effective against bacterial endospores. Disinfectants remove harmful products of toxins from material and usually are used on inanimate objects since they can be harmful to human tissues. Another antimicrobial agent used is, antibiotics. Antibiotics are usually prescribed to a person to cure a bacterial or viral infection. Antibiotics are used to inhibit the growth of infectious agents in the human body. The disk diffusion test known as the Kirby-Bauer

The zone of inhibition, the circular area lacking bacterial growth around the test disk, was used to study the effectiveness of the antibacterial solution. The compounds used in the experiment were 10% solutions of Febreze, Clorox, Anti-bacterial soap, moisturizing soap, Bactine, and Hydrogen peroxide.

In the future, any further investigations into the effect of antimicrobial substances may wish to investigate the effect of different leading brands of antiseptic solutions that contain the active ingredient Chloroxylenol, and how they affect the growth of bacteria as well as, whether different ingredients, cause the solution to be more or less effective in inhibiting bacterial growth. This will allow consumers and medical professionals to determine which brand or type of antiseptic solution is the most effective in protecting against pathogens such as

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a facultative anaerobic bacterium. It is part of the normal human flora and is found on the skin. Colonies of these bacteria can produce a protective slime called a hydrophobic biofilm. Staphylococcus epidermidis is usually not pathogenic unless it enters the human body. One of the most common places for infections are hospitals where people often have weakened immune systems, open wounds or medical devices implanted in their bodies. Staphylococcus epidermidis can be fatal because of the protective biofilm and the bacteria’s resistance to common antibiotics makes the infection difficult to treat. This stresses the

The activity of antimicrobial combinations can be assessed in vitro using Etest methods. The traditional approaches used to assess antimicrobial combinations are the checkerboard and time-kill methods These methods are costly in time and materials and are not used in routine clinical practice. The Etest method is simple to use, time efficient and inexpensive. The Etest is an agar diffusion method for the quantitative determination of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents [9].

When analyzing all of the data in the graphs and the t-test charts, the researcher was able to come to the conclusion that the data supported his hypothesis that the oleuropein created the largest kill zone area. Not only was there a visible difference of oleuropein’s kill zone of the K-12 E-coli bacteria as seen in graph 1.1, but there was a statistically proven significant difference (tables 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3). The data collected by the researcher supports the current research that oleuropein is a natural antiseptic. That oleuropein has very strong antibacterial properties that can be used for medicinal use (Omar, 2010).

Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that infects of the skin of an animal that creates horrific pain to the host. The name is broken down into three parts in Latin. “Staphyle” meaning “a bunch of grapes”, coccus which means “spherical bacterium” and aureus which best means “golden or gold-colored.” This name came about in Latin because when looked at under a microscope, the bacteria are all clumped together like grapes on a vine and the color is gold. (Harper n.d.) This bacterium is Gram-positive meaning that within the walls of the cell, peptidoglycan exceptionally thick. (Bruckner 2012) (PHAC 2012) A different strain of this bacterium called MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a bigger problem because it is unaffected by a type of penicillin, Methicillin. The first known sighting this particular resistant strain was first documented in 1961 by British scientists in England. (NiAID NIH 2008) Penicillin is used to create antibiotics because it in a way interferes with the cell wall of the strain and weakens it causing it to loose structure and die. By a strain becoming resistant, it learns the make-up of the antibiotic to change itself for the best chance of survival. (Tufts EDU 2014)

There was no reported advantage in the use of antimicrobial agents in the prevention of CAUTI. The use of disposable wipes impregnated with chlorhexidine had favorable results in CAUTI prevention, but no more so than soap and water and was considerably more expensive. The use of bath basins, the traditional practice in patient hygiene care, reportedly can increase CAUTI rates due to the high levels of bacterial contamination found in the used

This experiment enabled the class to test whether if antiseptics are effective in reducing the number if bacteria that are on your fingers. In this experiment, some people generated a lab where they soaked, washed, or scrubbed their thumb. As seen in Figure 2, people who did not wash their thumbs in the beginning of the experiment had a high number of bacterial colonies grown on the agar plate. In the after column, this showed that there was a little to none number of bacterial colonies that after the thumb was soaked with the antiseptic. In the figure, again the people who did not wash their thumb had a high number of bacterial colonies grown on the plate. As seen in Figure 2, people who washed and scrubbed their thumbs with the antiseptics had little to none bacterial colonies grown on the agar plate. In Figure 3, my partner and I designed an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of antiseptics. We did not wash the thumb before placing in the plate and we saw 23 bacterial colonies grown on the plate. Then we soaked the thumb with 70% Ethanol and saw that there were no bacterial colonies, proving that antiseptics played a major role inhibiting growth of bacteria or killing

Antibiotics used in this experiment were Penicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Erythromycin. Penicillin works by attacking bacteria’s peptidoglycan protein links and breaking down the cell wall. Penicillin works on gram negative bacteria but works better against gram positive bacteria. Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin work similarly by inhibiting bacteria’s protein synthesis, which inhibits overall bacterial growth. Both Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin work on both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Chloramphenicol inhibits protein chain elongation by interfering with the peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome at the 50S ribosomal subunit, that prevents peptide bond formation. Erythromycin also binds at the