How Does Love Effect Biological Drugs

The long term effects of cocaine are very extreme. Once having tried cocaine, an individual may have difficulty controlling the urge to use the drug and the perspective might change leaving the consumption of the drug as primordial. Cocaine’s stimulant and addictive effects are due primarily as a result of its ability to stop the reabsorption of dopamine by nerve

Cocaine’s mode of action has been shown to involve the dopamine receptors. This paper will discuss how cocaine affects dopamine receptors, the mode of addiction, how cocaine affects the frontal brain metabolic activities, as well as the role of excitatory amino acids in cocaine’s mechanism. I will also discuss how cocaine affects another system through its mechanism on the brain—the renin angiotensin system.

Cocaine’s primary effect on the brain is to produce “psychoactive and addictive effects primarily by acting on the brain’s limbic system, a set of interconnected regions that regulate pleasure and motivation. Initial, short- term effect- a buildup of the neurochemical, dopamine which gives rise to euphoria and a desire to take the drug again”(Nestler, 2005, p.4). This is normally seen in some individuals that draw in the drug like through inhaling. It gives them an instant increase in blood, and brain levels. It causes the individual to become addicted to this substance. Cocaine is thought to produce pleasure/reward like any addicted drug

Addiction of cocaine has proven to be a lifetime addiction and there is always a possibility for relapse even after years of curtailment. These drugs have the ability to alter the physical makeup of the brain.

Methamphetamine stimulates different parts of the brain, as shown in figure 2 of a PET scan. In Figure 2 it reveals that a methamphetamine addict has various parts of their brain more stimulated than the control, and other section of their brain were not stimulated. Imaging studies have shown changes in the activity of the dopamine system that are associated with reduced motor skills and impaired verbal learning (NIH,2). Methamphetamine affects the parts of the brain that control judgment, reward and memory. In addition, methamphetamine has an effect on the reward system of the brain, which makes the user feel pleasure, which is normally felt through things such as eating, sex, and drinking. Furthermore, Methamphetamine affects the limbic

The purpose of this paper is to examine the article, “The Brain’s Rewarding System & Addiction” (2004) by Katharine P. Bailey, MSN. In this article, I did not find a general hypothesis. Studies in this article show that most drugs directly or indirectly cause selective elevation of dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens (NA), the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and the limbic system, consequently called the reward center of the brain (Bailey, 2004). Behaviors that bring pleasure and are also crucial to existence (eating, drinking, and sex) also activate the same reward circuitry, however, activation of this circuitry by addictive drugs can be much

The stimulant properties in cocaine make it attractive as an antidepressant. Cocaine causes an individual to feel euphoria, enhances strength, and can mask fatigue. These intense contented feelings can cause an abuser to go on binges. Very rarely are cocaine abusers addicted to only cocaine. Other drugs such as marijuana and alcohol are used to combat the unpleasant effects of cocaine once the “high” wears off. The symptoms of the disorder interact with each other increasing the symptoms of all of the disorders.

Methamphetamine and cocaine are both in the category of drugs known as stimulants. “Central nervous system are drugs that increase not only the activity of the CNS but also that of the ANS, (autonomic nervous system) resulting in both euphoria and mood enhancement” (Csiernik, R. 2014).

This article focuses on examining how the brain effects cocaine dependent individuals and treatment. The first section primarily focuses on providing a biopsychosocial description of cocaine addiction or dependence based on recent research findings. This description includes a discussion on the evolution of cocaine dependence to become a major public health issue. This is followed by an evaluation of the social impact of the problem. The analysis is carried out on the premise on why cocaine dependence and

When cocaine is used an electrical signal in the presynaptic nerve cell release neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft to bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell. Once the neurotransmitters are bound to the receptors a release of a new electrical signal occurs in the postsynaptic cell. The neurotransmitters are gradually removed from the receptors and brought back into the presynaptic cell through neurotransmitter specific reuptake pumps on the lining of the presynaptic cell. Cocaine affects the levels of dopamine, serotonin and Norephedrine by blocking the reuptake pumps.This results in excess levels of the neurotransmitters to be in the synaptic cleft. These high levels of neurotransmitters continue to bind to receptors which releases more electrical signals to the postsynaptic neuron. Over time this hyperactivity of the neuron causes the postsynaptic cell to reduce the number of receptors on it. Once the hyperactivity stops in the postsynaptic cell normal cell function resumes. However with fewer receptor cells the user feels a lessened sensation of the neurotransmitters. The physiological effects of cocaine can be attributed to the chemical process it disrupts in the nerve cells. Loss of appetite, disturbed sleep patterns, nausea, anxiety, paranoia and depression are attributed to altered serotonin levels. Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, increased body temperature, contracted

The adrenaline rushes through the veins of a cocaine addicts before they get their high is outstanding. They can’t wait to feel the numbness and joy from the poison they just put in their body. Cocaine can be entered into the body by injections, or snorting the white powered. It can take up to ten minutes for the drug to hit the blood stream. If one injects the drug, then undoubtedly the high feeling with be in affect immediately. According to the article “Cocaine and Psychiatric Symptoms” once cocaine is in the blood stream, this is where the user will feel an intense pleasure, ecstasy in the body. The feeling of pleasure throughout the body is greatly intensified. (Morton). The feeling of ecstasy alone can be a valid reason why cocaine is

The primary mechanism by which cocaine exerts an effect is through the blockade of dopamine transporters, or the increase in dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens. Dopamine transporters are the molecules which reside in the presynaptic membrane. Their prime function is to remove dopamine from synapses and transfer it back into presynaptic neurons. (Pinel, 2014) The need or feelings that motivate cocaine drug abuse occur by the raising dopamine concentrations through the activity of one particular set of dopamine receptors, called D3 receptors. The neurotransmitter dopamine is released into the nucleus accumbens and produces pleasure, this serves as a “signal that the action promotes survival or reproduction, directly or indirectly. The system is called the reward pathway.” (Harvard Health Publications , 2004)

The source I am using is ASAP science. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxI7PTVRfhQ here is the link proved from the video. This video contains information on how cocaine effects the brain. This video was made by two scientists, who give quick information on certain scientifically researches. They usually do drawings to show you the whole process and how everything works. The videos the make can vary between two minutes to 5 minutes. They do many different types of videos ranging from the brain to how you feel your toes, or even how the things around us affect us. They also do live streams and answer any questions you have related to science. In this video they talk about the effects that cocaine has on the

Cocaine, on the other hand, has been found to have a profound effect on increased dopamine activity. Kennedy & Hanbauer (1983; cited in Karch, 2007) found a strong correlation between cocaine binding and the inhibition of dopamine uptake, and therefore proposed that dopamine transporters are binding sites for cocaine. Such research, which correlates strong reinforcing properties of cocaine with inhibition of dopamine transporters, suggests that cocaine has a more significant affect upon dopamine, than than it has upon serotonin and noradrenaline. The excessive role of dopamine can explain the high degree of pleasure that users of cocaine experience, as well as depression and cravings, which follow.

Love addiction and substance dependence have similar characteristics, namely, the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine, the presence of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms, and the negative influences they have on a person’s life. Love addiction is similar to addictive drugs such as alcohol, cocaine, marijuana and heroin because of the effects that dopamine have on the addict’s mind and body. These effects then lead to a person’s experience of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. Tolerance and withdrawal symptoms are very important in the maintenance of an addiction as they cause the person to crave and need more of the addictive