How Does The Concentration Of Sodium Chloride Affect The Rate Of Osmosis

In conclusion, the potato cube with the highest surface area to volume ratio (the 1x1x1 cube) had the fastest rate of diffusion as it had the largest percentage increase in mass. While all the other cubes of potato had larger increases in mass at face value compared to the smallest cube, the smallest cube had the largest overall gain in percentage. The results support my hypothesis that the smallest cube will have a higher rate of osmosis because it has a proportionally larger amount of surface area compared to its volume.

Osmosis is one of the most common and important processes in biology. Countless processes within the human the human body rely on osmosis and other forms of diffusion, ranging from the exhale of CO2 out of the cell to the various reactions between organelles (Nave, n/d). Osmosis itself is the diffusion of water across the cellular membrane in and out of a cell. The direction of net movement is decided by the concentration of water and solutes on either side of the cell, always moving towards the side with the lesser concentration of water (Nave, n/d). The concentration is solutes is called the Tonicity, and this dictates the movement of osmosis across a membrane (Kahn Academy, n/d). To test this relation, potato cores were placed in different solutions with varying levels of sucrose and water. The common conception was that the increase in sucrose within a solution will cause osmosis to occur to a lesser extent between the potato and the solution. To measure this, the potatoes were weighted after a night of soaking in the solutions to test for a change in weight. It was the general conception that the greater the amount of sucrose within the solution, the lighter the potato will be.

Van’t Hoff’s Law suggests that the osmotic potential of a cell is proportional to the concentration of solute particles in a solution. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if there are any differences between the osmolalities, the no-weight-changes of osmolalities, and the water potentials of potato cores in different solutions of different solutes. The percent weight change of the potato cores was calculated through a “change in weight” method. The potato core’s weight was measured before and after they were put into different concentrations of a solute for 1.5 hours. In our experiment, there were no significant differences from the osmotic potentials of our results and the osmotic potentials of other scientists work. Ending with chi square values of 2.17 and 2.71, and p values of 0.256 and 0.337, concluding that there is no difference in water potentials of potato cores in different solutions of different solutes at varying concentrations.

However one beaker received 100 mL of Deionized water with a molarity of 0.0. Afterwards a cork borer was pushed through the potato and was twisted back and forth. Once the borer was filled it was removed from the potato. Pushing the potato cylinder out of the borer, this this step was repeated six more times in order to get seven undamaged potato cylinders. Using a sharp razor blade, the potato cylinders were both cut to a uniform length of about 5cm, and were removed of their potato skins. The potato pieces were also cut in half to give the cells a greater surface area in which it was easier to absorb the solution. After the cylinders were weighed on a balance and the data was recorded in Table 4. Using the razor blade each potato was cut lengthwise into two long halves. Then the potato pieces were transferred to the water beaker and the time they were submerged was recorded. This step was repeated for all potato cylinders in which the pieces were placed in solutions 0.1 to 0.6 M. The potatoes were incubated for ninety minutes. At the end of the incubation period the time was recorded. Then the potato piece was removed form the first sample. Next potato pieces were weighed the and the final weight was recorded in Table 4. This procedure was repeated until all samples had been weighed and recorded in the chronological order they were initially placed in the test solution. Afterwards the table was completed by recording the

Osmosis is defined as the tendency of water to flow through a semipermeable membrane to the side with a lower solute concentration. Water potential can be explained by solutes in a solution. The more positive a number is more likely it will lose water. Therefore should water potential be negative the cell the less likely it will lose water. In using potatoes the effects of the molarity of sucrose on the turgidity of plant cells. According to Clemson University, the average molarity of a White potato is between .24 M and .31 M when submerged in a sorbitol solution. This experiment was conducted with the purpose of explaining the relationship found between the mass in plants when put into varying concentrations of sucrose solutions. Should the potatoes be placed in a solution that contains 0.2M or .4M of sucrose solution it will be hypotonic and gain mass or if placed in .6M< it will be hypertonic and lose mass instead. Controlled Variables in this lab were: Composition of plastic cups, Brand of Russet Potatoes, Brand of Sweet Potatoes and the Temperature of the room. For independent variable that caused the results recorded it was the different Sucrose concentrations (0.0M, 0.2M, 0.4M, 0.6M, 0.8M, 1M). The dependent variable was the percentage change from the initial weighs to the final. The cup with .4 molarity was the closest to an isotonic solution and was used as the control group for the lab. Water potential is the free energy per mole of water. It is

Data: Effect of Solute Concentration on Osmosis in Potato Cells (for the 6 groups of our class)

The objective of this experiment is to develop an understanding of the molecular basis of diffusion and osmosis and its physiological importance. Students will analyze how solute size and concentration affect diffusion across semi-permeable membranes and how these processes affect water potential. Students will also calculate water potential of plant cells.

In this lab report an experiment will be conducted over the matter of how cell membrane transport is utilized by the cell. The experiment is going to give insight of how osmosis is prevalent in the process of cell membrane transport, osmosis can be defined as the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. Diffusion can be misinterpreted for osmosis at times but the difference between them is that diffusion “equally distributes molecules throughout the environment”. The membrane in the lab will be represented by the membrane of potato slices; the potato slices will be incubate in a isotonic solution, hypotonic solution, and a hypertonic solution. An isotonic solution is when “two solutions have the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable

The reasoning behind this experiment is the examine whether the rate of osmosis is changed due to a change in temperature. It was hypothesized that the rate of osmosis will increase as the temperature of the sucrose is increased. The rate of osmosis was tested by using the different jars full of different temperate water and testing how high the water rose on an osmometer over a span of 20 minutes. An osmometer is a tool used to measure rates of osmosis. The different temperatures tested on a sucrose solution were 5 degrees Celsius, 20 degrees Celsius, and 37 degrees Celsius. Rates of osmosis were higher in the hot water than in the cold water and control. The results showed that the rate of osmosis increased as the temperature increased, henceforth the hypothesis was supported. In conclusion, the experiment showed how changes in temperature affect the rate of osmosis.

In this lab we are going to discovery how osmosis works using a semi-impermeable membrane a potato slice. Osmosis is known as the movement of water in and out of a cell. To understand how this works we must understand two terms. Hypotonic means the environment has less solutes compared to the inside of the cell. Hypertonic means that the environment has more solutes compared to the inside of the cell. With osmosis water will always move from hypotonic too hypertonic. So the question is will water move into the potato or out of the potato? Will these results change when placed in different morality of salt water? To calculate these results, we will measure the mass of potatoes cut into equal sizes then soak these potato slices in different morality of NaCl for thirty minutes and measure the mass change in each potato slice.

In this experiment, the osmotic concentration is found with potato slices placed in sucrose solutions. Osmosis in this model is the net movement of water between the potato cell and the sucrose solution. The movement of water is determined by the molarity of sucrose. As the molarity of sucrose increased then the concentration in the solution also increased. H2O will move through the cell membrane to areas of higher concentration in order to reach equilibrium. If cells are placed

The relative osmotic concentration was determined by measuring the percent change in mass of the potato tissues. Change in mass was measured of six solutions, each containing different levels of concentration (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5). The percent change in mass decreased as sucrose concentration increased, therefore, relative osmotic concentration also decreased as sucrose concentration increased. However, the osmotic concentration of 0.2 M sucrose solution was relatively greater than that of 0.1 M sucrose solution. In sucrose concentration 0.5 M, the osmotic concentration decreased slightly from that of 0.4, but significantly from those of all other sucrose concentrations. The osmotic concentrations were greater than

This experiment was used to examine the hypothesis that: Osmosis is dependent on the concentrations of the substances involved.

Effect of Sucrose Solution on Osmosis Aim: The aim of the experiment is to show how varying the concentration of sucrose solution affects osmosis by changing different molar solutions of sucrose and water and how it affects the potato. Introduction: In this investigation I will be exploring the effect of varying concentration of sucrose sugar solution on the amount of activity between the solution and the potatoes. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a high water concentration to a low water concentration.

When placed in various levels of sodium chloride solutions, the mass of the potatoes increased less the higher the concentration of sodium was in a given solution. For example, when placed in a solution of pure tap water, the potato cubes exhibited an average mass change of +7.466%. Next, when placed in a solution with a molarity of .05, the potato cubes exhibited an average mass change of +3.442%. Finally, when placed in a solution with a molarity of .15, the potato cubes exhibited an average mass change of +1.2%. When the potato cubes exhibit an average mass change of 0, it will mean that the sodium chloride concentration is the same, both in the water and the potato. When the potato had a mass change, it meant that the sodium chloride concentration was hypotonic, or lower inside the potato cells than the water. However, as the mass change percentage grew lower and lower, the difference in sodium chloride concentration also grew smaller. When the potato and water have the same concentration, they will be isotonic, which means there is the same concentration both in the potato and in the water. This will not cause the potato to change mass because the potato cells do not